In April 1959, he was elected as the second President of the People's Republic of China. In fact, as early as December 1958, at the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, ** proposed not to be a candidate for the next party, and he wanted to leave more time for reading and studying, and thinking about problems.
*When considering the personnel arrangement, **suggested*** to serve as *** as the first vice chairman, and also the most optimistic "**person" of the chairman. At the Supreme Council of State on April 15, 1959, ** said: "I am one of those who preside over the work within our Communist Party, but I don't care about daily affairs, sometimes I take care of a little, sometimes I don't care." Who is in charge of it all the time?It's Comrade Shaoqi. As soon as I left Beijing, it was all his ** my job. It's been many years, it's been like this since Yan'an, and now it's been 10 years since I arrived in Beijing. In Yan'an, for example, when I go to Chongqing, my job is Comrade Shaoqi. It is more appropriate for him to serve as ***, not to say that Comrade ** is inappropriate, and it is more appropriate to compare Comrade Shaoqi. ”
In this way, the carpenter was elected as *** at the first meeting of the second National People's Congress, and it is said that in 1951, ** saw that the Yingxun Pavilion in Zhongnanhai was being repaired, and couldn't help but go over to do carpenter work.
After being elected, he took "** is also a servant of the people" as a life creed of diligent government, and he knew that the so-called rights and official positions were given by the people, and it could only work for the interests of the people. Therefore, he is always full of enthusiasm for the people, and the first thing he thinks of is the safety and well-being of the people, and he pays attention to the people's lives, property, interests, and happiness. His brilliant deeds and noble character will forever be remembered in the hearts of the people of the whole country.
So what are the historical merits of *** in his revolutionary career?
1. Lead the Anyuan Road miners' strike.
In 1922, after returning from studying at the Eastern University in Moscow, he went to work in the Secretariat of the Chinese Labor Union. From then until 1927, throughout the period of the First Great Revolution, he was engaged in the leadership of the workers' movement, becoming a well-known activist and outstanding leader of the Chinese workers' movement.
The most famous of these was in September 1922, when he led a general strike of more than 10,000 workers in the Anyuan Road Mine together with Li Lisan and others. Due to the complete victory of the Anyuan Strike, which was well prepared and properly directed, it was one of the most influential strikes of the time and one of the most successful examples.
2. Outstanding representatives of the work in the White Zone.
In 1936, he was sent to North China as a representative to lead the work of the entire northern white area. **The achievements of the work in this period mainly include the following three outstanding contributions:
Straighten out the ideological and political line of the party in the north. During this period, he published many articles in publications inside and outside the party, and vigorously implemented the spirit of the Wayaobao Conference of the Communist Party of China. At the same time, he also changed the long-standing situation in which the party organizations in the north had been relatively estranged from the party organizations in the north through organizational measures such as reorganizing the leading bodies of the Northern Bureau and appointing cadres to some localities, and brought the party organizations and party members in the north ideologically and politically under the banner of the party's new policy of the anti-Japanese national united front.
Strengthen the ranks of the party. ** After arriving in the north, in a short period of time, the party organizations at all levels in North China, which had been destroyed during the civil war, were reorganized.
Summing up the historical lessons of the CPC's struggle in the white areas, we put forward a set of correct tactics and guidelines for the struggle in the white areas.
3. The founders and leaders of the anti-Japanese base areas in North and Central China, and the rebuilding of the military headquarters of the New Fourth Army.
Since the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in 1937, three divisions of the Eighth Route Army went to the North China front. After the rebuilding of the military headquarters of the New Fourth Army, the total number of troops in the whole army grew from 90,000 to 1350,000 people, becoming another strong force led by the CCP after the Eighth Route Army.
Fourth, systematically expound the leading ideology and establish the leading position of the ideological leadership in the whole party.
On May 14 and 15, 1945, he made the "Report on Amending the Party's Constitution" to the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which clarified the necessity and authority of writing the ideological guidance into the Party Constitution. In this report, for the first time, he made an accurate and scientific definition of the ideology, and he expounded the basic content of the ideology from nine aspects, which reflected the highest level of the whole party's understanding of the ideology at that time, and had epoch-making significance in the history of ideology.
5. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he promptly put forward the operational principles of "developing to the north and defending to the south" and "getting out of the way and occupying both sides," thus winning the initiative and opportunity for the victory of the Liberation Campaign.
In 1945, he went to Chongqing to negotiate with Chiang Kai-shek, and led the chairman of the Communist Party of China in Yan'an to command the strategic struggle in the northeast, laying the foundation for the victory of the National Liberation War.
6. Preside over the National Land Conference and formulate and promulgate the Outline of China's Land Law.
From July to September 1947, as the secretary of the Working Committee of the Communist Party of China, he presided over a national land conference in Xibaipo Village, Pingshan County, Hebei Province, and formulated the "Outline of China's Land Law", which was a more thorough anti-feudal agrarian revolution program. It clearly stipulates: "Abolish the land system of feudal and semi-feudal exploitation, and implement a land system in which the cultivator has his own land." "Abolish all landlords' land ownership rights and distribute all land uniformly and equally among individuals.
7. Put forward the basic principles for the economic construction of New China. The main points of the basic policy for the economic construction of New China are: After the liberation of the whole country, the new democratic economic policy should be implementedThe new democratic economy is composed of five types of economy: the state-run economy, the cooperative economy, the state capitalist economy, the private capitalist economy, and the petty commodity economyIn the entire stage of new democracy, it is necessary to develop these five types of economyThe new democratic economy is characterized by a transitional economy, in which the state strives to peacefully eliminate the bourgeoisie and transition to socialism in 10 to 15 years.
8. Systematically expound the party's political line and take a valuable step in exploring the road of socialist construction.
In September 1956, the Communist Party of China convened the Eighth National Congress, in which he was the presiding officer, and in the report, he correctly analyzed the changes in class relations after the completion of socialist transformation, pointed out the domestic situation and the main contradictions in the country, put forward the strategic decision to shift the focus of the party's work to the development of productive forces, and stressed that the whole party should concentrate its efforts on socialist construction.
9. After the failure of the Great Leap Forward, he presided over the work of adjusting the national economy to tide over the difficulties.
Since 1960, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, as vice chairman of the Communist Party of China, member of the Standing Committee of the Politburo and president of the People's Republic of China, he has presided over the daily work of the party and the state on the front line, as well as carried out large-scale adjustments to the national economy, and has made outstanding contributions during this period.
10. Published "On the Cultivation of Communist Party Members" to enrich the theory of party building. ** He made important contributions to the formation, improvement and development of the mass line of the Communist Party of China, he revealed the profound connotation of the party's mass line, and proposed that the mass line is the fundamental line of the party.
During his revolutionary career, he had an indissoluble bond with national defense, the military and the army. This is unavoidable in the era in which he grew up and lived, and it is indispensable for the cause he fought for.
As a revolutionary of the older generation, his exploits and deeds are not his own, sometimes he can stand alone, and sometimes he assists***In short, he is a very great thinker, theorist, and doer.