Introduction:"The Teacher Said" takes "ancient scholars must have teachers" as the introduction, and begins with a topic, emphasizing the importance of "teachers". Then, the author Han Yu listed the stories of ancient scholars who studied with their teachers, explaining the important position of "teachers" in ancient education. Then, the author elaborated on the meaning of "teacher", pointing out that "the teacher is also a teacher who preaches and receives karma to solve doubts." According to the authors, the teacher's role is to impart knowledge, guide students, and answer students' questions.
Next, the author expounded the relationship between teachers and students from the perspective of "before I was born, and the Tao was heard before me, and I was the teacher", and pointed out that students should respect their teachers and study with an open mind. The author also talks about the idea that "** does not have to be inferior to the teacher", arguing that students can surpass teachers academically, but they should not be despised because of this.
Finally, the author points out the idea that "** does not have to be inferior to the teacher", arguing that students can surpass teachers academically, but teachers should not be despised because of this. Finally, the author summarized the whole text, once again emphasized the importance of "teacher", pointed out that "the teacher, so the preaching and karma to solve doubts", called on people to respect the teacher.
This article selects 10 classic sayings from "Shi Shuo", with translations and comments for the benefit of readers.
1. Ancient scholars must have teachers. Teacher, so preaching and receiving karma to solve doubts.
In ancient times, those who seek knowledge must have teachers.
A teacher is a person who imparts truths, teaches classics, and explains difficult problems.
Comments: The central argument of the essay is put forward at the beginning, and the functions and roles of the teacher are summarized, which paves the way for the subsequent discussion. This also reflects Han Yu's idea of advocating "teacher Taoism" and affirms the important position of teachers in education.
2. If people are not born to know, who can be free from confusion?If you are confused and do not follow the teacher, it is confused, and you will not be able to solve it.
People are not born to understand a lot of knowledge and truths, who can do it without doubts?
If you have doubts, if you don't learn from the teacher, you won't be able to solve those difficult questions.
Comments: The author believes that people's knowledge and truth are learned, and no one can know everything, so when you encounter doubts, you should ask the teacher for advice, otherwise you will always be confused and unable to progress.
3. My teacher is also the Taoist, and the husband knows that he was born in my year
I learned from him, and I don't care if he was born earlier than me or later.
Comments: This is Han Yu's expression of his attitude towards learning from his teacher, he believes that as long as he can get the knowledge and truth, regardless of the teacher's age, status, and prestige, he should learn from him with an open mind.
4. Therefore, there is no noble and cheap, no long and no less, the Tao exists, and the teacher exists.
Therefore, when choosing a teacher, regardless of the status or age, as long as it makes sense, it is where the teacher is.
Comments: This sentence is Han Yu's summary of the criteria for choosing a teacher, showing the spirit of not being ashamed of the teacher. Han Yu believes that learning from teachers is to seek truth and solve doubts, not to cater to worldly identity and status. He took the ancient sages as an example, criticized the atmosphere of shame in the scholar class at that time, and promoted the Confucian style of teaching.
5. Whew!If the teacher is not preached, it will be a long time!It's hard to be confused!
Alas, the ancient fashion of learning from teachers has not been passed down for a long time, and it is difficult for people to have no doubts!
Comments: The author believes that people are not born to know everything, and if you have doubts, you should ask the teacher for advice, regardless of whether you are high or low, young or old, as long as it makes sense, you are a teacher. Like those ancient saints, although they were above the ordinary, they continued to learn from their teachers in order to increase their knowledge and wisdom. At that time, the scholar class looked down on teachers and was unwilling to study because of factors such as family, status, and age.
6. Therefore, the saint is holy, and the foolish is foolish. The reason why a saint is holy and a fool is stupid is because of this
Therefore, the saints are more holy, and the fools are more ignorant.
The reason why a saint becomes a saint and why a fool becomes a fool is probably because of this.
Comments: This is the central thesis of the article, which repeatedly demonstrates the necessity and principle of learning from teachers by contrasting methods, criticizes the atmosphere of "shame learning from teachers" in society at that time, and shows the author's spirit of disregarding the world and expressing his own opinions.
7. Love his son, choose a teacher and teach him;In his body, he is ashamed and confused.
They love their children, so they choose teachers to educate them;
As for themselves, they are ashamed to learn from their teachers, which is really confusing!
Comments: The author uses the word "confusion" to summarize the consequences of not learning from teachers, that is, you can never solve your doubts, you can never reach true wisdom, which is a kind of irresponsibility to yourself and others.
8, woohoo!The way of the teacher is gone, you can know.
AhhThe fashion of learning from teachers no longer exists, and some clues can be seen from here.
Comments: The interjection "woohoo" is used to express the author's sadness and indignation at the "shame of learning from teachers" in the society at that time. In the previous article, the author used a number of comparative examples to demonstrate the necessity and principle of learning from teachers, criticized the erroneous thinking of the scholar class, and pointed out that this is the real reason for the "loss of teachers".
9. Sage Impermanence.
There is no fixed teacher for a saint.
Comment: The author cites the example of Confucius here. Confucius once learned from Tan Zi, Chang Hong, Shi Xiang, Lao Dan and others. Tanzi people, their talents and virtues are not as good as Confucius.
10. Therefore, ** does not have to be inferior to the teacher, the teacher does not have to be good in **, there is a sequence of hearing the Tao, and there is a specialization in the art industry, just that.
Therefore, students are not necessarily inferior to teachers, teachers are not necessarily more capable than students, and the truths they hear come before and after, and they also have their own expertise in learning and skills, and that's it.
Comments: Led by "yes", ending with "just like that", simplifying the complex, which is both profound and thorough, and has a kind of far-sighted momentum. This sentence is a summary of the previous article, and it is also an encouragement to Li Zipan, Han Yu told him not to stick to the difference in age, status, and knowledge between teachers and students, but to take the Tao as a teacher, take the virtuous as a friend, and continue to study and progress.