Sima Lang, a little-known figure of the Sima family, left many doubts in the historical books of the Wei and Jin dynasties. This article will delve into the historical background and writing logic of Sima Lang, and uncover the complex entanglement between him and Dong Zhuo.
The delicate relationship between the Sima family and Dong Zhuo.
Sima Lang, Sima Yi's eldest brother, as one of the very few characters in the Western Jin Dynasty clan who entered the "Book of Wei", his image carries the face of the Western Jin Dynasty clan. Considering the background of the times, Chen Shou's description of Sima Lang in the Book of Wei is relatively positive, but it is still full of elements of being a venerable person. Especially in "The Biography of Lang", historical events are contrary to time, which makes Sima Lang's deeds record highly questioned.
At the heart of the suspicion are the time of Sima Lang's return to Kanto and the time he was conquered by Cao Cao. This involved the relationship between the Sima clan and Dong Zhuo, as well as the relationship between the Sima clan and the Wei family, and directly related to the image of the ruling group of the Western Jin Dynasty, so Chen Shou had to be cautious and avoid it when recording it.
The entanglement between the Sima family and Dong Zhuo.
As Sima Fang's eldest son and Sima Yi's eldest brother, Sima Lang's image is related to the face of the entire Western Jin Dynasty. For this reason, his depictions are inevitably embellished, disassociated from the negative characters and events of the late Han Dynasty. In the Sima clan's clan, only Sima Lang and Sima Zhi were compiled into the Book of Wei, and the rest of the characters were compiled into the Book of Jin. Considering that Sima Lang is Sima Yi's own brother and is known as "Sima Bada", he is more cautious in the construction of his image.
Sima Fang was attached to Dong Zhuo in the party, served as Jing Zhaoyin, and had a close relationship with Dong Zhuo. This made Sima Lang's departure from Dong Zhuo a topic that historians of the Western Jin Dynasty did not want to delve into. Sima Fang held an official position in Chang'an, the place where Dong Zhuo moved his capital, and this status had a profound impact on the image construction of the Sima clan.
The complex scene of Sima Lang leaving Dong Zhuo.
According to the record of "Wei Shu Sima Lang Biography", Sima Lang first tried to leave Dong Zhuo after Dong Zhuo moved the capital to Chang'an, and was sent back to the county by his father Sima Fang. However, there are significant discrepancies between the date of this record and other historical records. Dong Zhuo moved the capital to Chang'an in March of the first year of Chuping (190), and Sima Lang's first attempt to leave Dong Zhuo is presumed to have been made after that.
One of the suspicions is that Sima Lang's actions coincided with the timing of the uprising in the Kanto region. According to the narrative of "The Biography of Lang", after Sima Lang returned to Kanto, the prefectures and counties of Kanto raised troops within a few months to form the Sour Jujube Alliance. However, this incident occurred earlier than Sima Lang's first attempt to leave Dong Zhuo, resulting in a clear historical time error.
Sima Lang follows Cao Cao's time mystery.
The Biography of Lang mentions that Sima Lang was made a Sikong Peng subordinate by Cao Cao when he was twenty-two years old, except for the Cheng Gao Order. However, this narrative is at odds with the facts. Considering the twenty-second year of Jian'an (217), when the outbreak of the epidemic led to Sima Lang's death, according to the imaginary age, Sima Lang should have been in the third year of the early peace of the Eastern Han Dynasty (192) when he was twenty-two years old, and Cao Cao had not yet emerged at this time.
This time dislocation raises doubts, suggesting that "The Biography of Lang" has made a lot of strokes in writing Sima Lang's life. Perhaps, the relationship between Sima Lang and Cao Cao is not as close as the text suggests, but more subtle and complex.
Uncover the mystery of Sima Lang's history.
Through a detailed interpretation of the Book of Wei: The Biography of Sima Lang, we find that Sima Lang's historical record is full of doubts and errors. The discrepancy between the time of Sima Lang's departure from Dong Zhuo and the time of the Kwantung Uprising, as well as the dislocation of the relationship with Cao Cao, make this historical story full of mysteries.
Perhaps Sima Lang's true life is not as recorded in the history books, but has been avoided and tampered with by historical compilers. Sima Lang's departure from Dong Zhuo may not have occurred after Dong Zhuo moved the capital, but after his death. There may also be confusion about the timing of Cao Cao's ascension to Sikong Peng. Uncovering these historical mysteries may give you a more true understanding of Sima Lang, a member of the Western Jin Dynasty.
The historical mystery of Sima Lang, as mentioned in the article, does make people have deep doubts and thoughts. As a member of the Western Jin Dynasty, his life left many questions to be solved in the history books, and Chen Shou's evasion and crooked writing in the writing process cast a veil of mystery over this history.
First of all, the relationship between Sima Lang and Dong Zhuo has become the key to deciphering the historical mystery. The article pointed out that Sima Fang was attached to Dong Zhuo by the party, which directly involved the entanglement between the Sima family and Dong Zhuo. Sima Fang's position in Dong Zhuo's group and the timing of Sima Lang's first attempt to leave Dong Zhuo have raised doubts in the historical narrative. Through reasonable speculation, perhaps Sima Lang's first departure from Dong Zhuo was not after Dong Zhuo moved the capital, but after Dong Zhuo's death. This inference makes the whole historical story more reasonable and more in line with Dong Zhuo's brutal character.
Secondly, the mystery of the time when Sima Lang followed Cao Cao is also thought-provoking. There is a contradiction between the plot described in the history books that Sima Lang was made a subordinate of Cao Cao when he was twenty-two years old and the actual historical facts. This apparent temporal dislocation suggests that the compiler of history wrote about Sima Lang's life. Perhaps the relationship between Sima Lang and Cao Cao was not as close as the text suggests, and it is more likely to be a more subtle and complicated situation.
Finally, the article reveals the falsification and evasion that historians may have made out of political or other factors. Chen Shou's account of Sima Lang may have been influenced by the ruling group of the Western Jin Dynasty and had to be modified to maintain the image of the Western Jin Dynasty. This is one of the reasons why there are many obvious historical time errors in the article.
Overall, the mystery of Sima Lang's history reflects the complexity and diversity of historical narratives. History is often influenced by multiple factors such as the times and political background, so when interpreting history, we need to be more cautious, not only focusing on the facts, but also digging deep into the political considerations behind the history books. Sima Lang's history is a picture that needs to be constantly unraveled, and I hope that subsequent scholars can present us with a more realistic historical picture.
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