Chao News client reporter Ma Li.
Guest speaker: Xu Li
Recently, there are three big names in the literary and art circles, all calling for the same book. He also appeared in the second season of "China in Calligraphy and Painting", partnering with Ni Ping, from "A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" to "Huishan Tea Party", interpreting the life of the ancients and the spiritual core of a city from calligraphy and painting.
Who is Xu Li?If you are a lover of cliff carvings and gold and stone, you should be no stranger to him.
Xu Li is currently a distinguished teacher of the School of Humanities, **Academy of Fine Arts;Researcher of the Modern Calligraphy Research Center of the China Academy of Art;He has long been committed to the research of ancient art history, epigraphy, and classical gardening. Participated in the compilation of "One Hundred Treasures of West Lake Cliffs" and "Hangzhou Phoenix Mountain Cliff Collection" and other professional books on cliff stone carvings, and just published "Tang Dynasty Cliffs on the Road of Tang Poetry" (Zhejiang Ancient Books Publishing House) this year.
Between the mountains of the West Lake, ordinary people travel to the mountains and rivers, how comfortable and how to come, but the stone visitors always have to take a more and more "narrow" road, even a dangerous road, but in the end, suddenly opened. He is such a person. During the walk in the West Lake, many inscriptions that had never been discovered by ancient gold and stone scholars were "discovered for the first time" by contemporary gold and stone researchers like Xu Li.
In addition to visiting monuments and exploring stones, he is also a researcher and curator of calligraphy and painting. This year, there are several popular calligraphy and painting exhibitions related to the Song Dynasty in Hangzhou, such as "Song Yun Jinhui" at the Art Museum of the China Academy of Fine Arts, and "The Grand View of Artistic Creation" at the Zhejiang Art Museum. How did the word Jiangnan come into being in calligraphy and painting?How did the development history of Hangzhou's West Lake landscape gradually become clear for more than 1,000 years?As a behind-the-scenes participant in several exhibitions, Xu Li wants to tell you about the elegance of the Great Song Dynasty and the cultural nourishment of the West Lake through the strokes of the ancients.
Xu Li. Today, I would like to share with you three exhibitions that I think are more important in Zhejiang since 2023, which actually present the culture of Zhejiang, and even how the culture of Jiangnan has been influenced from a thousand years ago to the present.
In our lives, we often imagine aesthetics as particularly mysterious, but in fact our aesthetics are very simple, what kind of food you eat, what kind of tea you drink, what kind of paintings you see, what kind of words you say, and what kind of friends you make are the end points of all aesthetics in your life.
I'm sure many of you have already seen these three exhibitions. The first exhibition was the "Song Yun Jinhui" exhibition presented by the Art Museum of the China Academy of Art, which was the first time in the history of Zhejiang that the most important artists of the Northern and Southern Song Dynasty were brought back to his hometown, and one of them was very important, his name was Li Tang.
The exhibition shows us how the people of the Song Dynasty lived, how they lived elegantly, and there were many great figures in China, and in the Song Dynasty they all formed a crystalline lump, forming the ceiling of Chinese culture. During the two Song Dynasty, I think everyone will memorize several names of the Glorious Great Song Dynasty: Su Dongpo, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu, and Cai Xiang of the Northern Song Dynasty. The Southern Song Dynasty is also related to our Zhejiang, Zhang Jizhi, Lu You, Zhu Xi, and Fan Chengda. How are these people presented in history?How do they usually express themselves?They use their poems, their paintings to present us with perfect Gangnam.
There have been many definitions of Jiangnan in Chinese history, but what is the most important one?It is the "relic" of the Chinese literati spirit, and Chinese art can inspire a person to change from a thief to a painting saint. There is a very famous story in the Southern Song Dynasty, there is a man named Li Tang who was kidnapped by a group of bandits, he can only do some documentary work in the bandits' den, but he has never given up his dream, when he was forced by the wicked, he tried to use his brush to inspire them. Among these wicked people, there is really a character named Xiao Zhao with Huigen, and he touched Xiao Zhao with his paintings. Xiao Zhao continued to work hard, and finally followed Li Tang to help him escape from the bandits' den, and went to the Southern Song Dynasty to meet the very important ruler of the time, and was introduced to the imperial palace, becoming the greatest artist of the royal family, which is a figure in Chinese history who inspired the world with Danqing.
Li Tang also has a very important student is Liu Songnian, let's take a look at his works for a long time, beautiful and round, this is a very important work in the exhibition, called "Four Landscapes". The painting depicts spring, summer, autumn and winter, bringing the joy of spring, the coolness of summer, the leisurely of autumn and the flap of winter to our hearts, which echoes a beautiful story that occurred in Zhejiang during the two Jin Dynasty periods. There was a man named Wang Ziyou who was snowing at night, and suddenly missed his friend very much, so he said to his boatman, I want to see my friend. So his boatman untied the moleyard from his house, greeted the snow and warmed the wine, and told him to meet his friends. Wandering on the water all night, constantly writing poems and enjoying the scenery at night.
When the boat came to my friend's house, he told the boatman that I didn't want to see him anymore and that I wanted to go home. The boatman said, "You've worked so hard, why do you want to go home?"He said that if a man comes on a whim and returns with a whim, why should he see him?
Four landscapes of the Southern Song Dynasty, Liu Songnian, collection of the Palace Museum.
Very impressed. In your life, entrusting your life to nature gives you the perfect response, and this response is presented in the painting we see today, is this kind of painting particularly beautiful?So there was a very great collector in the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Chou, who said a sentence: Liu Songnian's paintings are beautiful and delicious. A picture is so beautiful that it makes you feel that it is the same as food, has it been integrated into your life?So this exhibition no matter what, we should go and get close to it.
In addition to painting, calligraphy is also an indispensable town in Zhejiang, and we all know that the most important calligraphy works in China are produced in Zhejiang. For example, there is a person named Wang Xizhi in Zhejiang, Wang Xizhi is a sage of calligraphy, those people who are called "saints" in Chinese history, we can't see his works, why?Because it is so beautiful, the dragon sees the head but does not see the end. Is there anything beautiful about calligraphy?Of course, Su Dongpo returned to Jiangnan in the exhibition "Meaning to Create a Grand View", and he met Lu You. Lu You is the pride of our Zhejiang, and this calligraphy work of Lu You has magically returned to his hometown in recent years. Everyone thinks that Lu You is a strong man who walks the world with a sword, he said a very famous poem: "The family sacrifice does not forget to tell Naiweng", such a tragic and strong man, in this handscroll, we see his warm side.
Self-written poems, Southern Song Dynasty, Lu You, Liaoning Provincial Museum.
He mentioned that "the cloth is as cold as iron, and it does not interfere with the thunder of the nose", and the quilt is very cold, like iron, but it does not hinder the sound of my snoring at all. Lu You responded to a sentence that Su Dongpo once said in this little poem. Su Dongpo has a very famous song "Chibi Nostalgia", he often wanders around Chibi, it is too cold at night, and he plays very late, and when he comes home, he finds that everyone in the family is asleep, and he knocks on the door and people don't wake up. So he wrote a very famous poem: "The sound of the house boy has thundered." Don't knock on the door, lean on the cane to listen to the sound of the river", this is not the most perfect, the most perfect is the last sentence of this poem: "The boat is gone, the river and the sea send the rest of your life", so a person faces it with an optimistic and peaceful attitude when he is at his worst, this is the winner of life.
In this exhibition, we can see Lu You's faint grace and Su Shi's echo, as soon as you breathe in, the world seems to be quiet, what a perfect sentence.
Xu Li. Finally, I would like to share with you the opening exhibition of the Zhijiang Pavilion of Zhejiang Provincial Museum. In our lives, life in the south of the Yangtze River means floating on the level of Chinese culture, you will not be an orphan, because you will meet countless stars in this river, and those names that will shine in the annals of history will ring in your ears. This exhibition gives us a very moving Song Yun, everyone can see whether it is the prosperity of Wu Yue, the secret color of celadon, or the civilization that has lasted for thousands of years, in which it faintly presents the leisurely and tranquil nature of Fuchun Mountain Residence.
Everyone has seen the Xi Pavilion, if you have seen this pavilion, you will know that this is the crystallization of the culture of the Song Dynasty, because there is a very wonderful story in the Xi Pavilion, it is about Su Dongpo in Hangzhou has a particularly good friend, he is a monk, called the monk Biancai. The monk posted a rule in the temple: "The mountain monk is old and weak, and the longest time is no more than three incense sticks;."The mountain gate is the farthest to Huxi Bridge. But Su Dongpo was too good with him, and there were countless words to say, and he walked through Huxi from the temple unconsciously. The waiter reminded him: **You have already crossed Tiger Creek. The master and Su Dongpo looked at each other and laughed, this laughter shook the Jiangnan cultural context for a thousand years, and this laughter is still in our ears, because Su Dongpo, Biancai and his circle of friends have left too much emotion in Hangzhou and Zhejiang.
Zhejiang Provincial Museum Zhijiang Pavilion Song Yun Cultural Center in the River Pavilion.
The Crossing River Pavilion, the Wind Wave Pavilion, and the Crane Pavilion represent the highest aesthetics and elegance of the Song Dynasty in China, in this process, people put their emotions and feelings in the mountains and rivers, and the West Lake is a great love and beauty.
But I would like to recommend a small stone to you, if you have the opportunity to go to the Zhejiang Provincial Museum in the future, you must find this stone, this stone is engraved with the world's first line of book "Orchid Pavilion Preface", this stone once collected Dongyang in Jinhua, Zhejiang, so there is a title in the history of Chinese calligraphy called "Orchid Pavilion Preface" (Dongyang Ben), a very beautiful story, this stone was found in the Song Dynasty, we don't know when it was engraved, there was a very famous anti-Jin general, he found this stone when it was dedicated to the Song Gaozong at that time, because Gaozong was busy with the war, there was no way to take this stone away, so he abandoned this stone in an ancient well in Yangzhou, in the Ming Dynasty when someone found this stone in the well, he handed over the stone to Yangzhou He Shiying, He Shiying dedicated this stone to the emperor, the emperor said that your family is an excellent family, bring this stone back, since then this stone has settled in Dongyang, Zhejiang, because He Shiying is a native of Dongyang.
Why do you want to say this little stone, it carved a "Orchid Pavilion Preface", it is rumored that this is the "Orchid Pavilion Preface" in the current calligraphy is the closest to the Dingwu Lanting book, because the "Orchid Pavilion Preface" is the benchmark and ceiling of Chinese calligraphy, and in our lifetime, we can also get close to such a great work in Dongyang, Tiantai, and Xinchang. Zhejiang has a very special geographical location, that is, Xinchang, Tiantai, Dongyang composed of a large triangle, after the Song Dynasty crossed to the south, the culture of this place is very concentrated and developed, and in the Tang Dynasty, here is a very important hub of the Tang Poetry Road, it has a cause and inheritance.
Xu Li. Therefore, I would like to say that the Two Song Dynasty is the pinnacle of Chinese culture, Jiangnan is the continuation of the Two Song Dynasty, and the West Lake is the relics and glorious pearls that created Jiangnan and the Two Song Dynasty.
The splendor of Jiangsu and Zhejiang culture in the Song Dynasty echoes the following and dream of the Tang Dynasty since Bai Juyi. It opened up the position of Jiangnan as the core of Chinese culture after the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. The succession of the Song Dynasty actually made the word Jiangnan. What the two Song Dynasty Fenghua has achieved is the Jiangnan style, and the core of the Jiangnan Fenghua falls on the West Lake around us.
To quote Su Dongpo's words: Wanghu downstairs is like the sky. This sentence exhausts the Chinese literati's dreams of Jiangnan and their yearning for nature, and the elegance of the Two Song Dynasty is the elegance of Jiangnan.
Continued" Shen Hao book.
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