Cattle breeding is an important part of China's animal husbandry and is of great significance for promoting rural economic development and improving people's living standards. This article will introduce the basic knowledge and technology of cattle raising, including cattle breed selection, feeding management, disease prevention and control, etc., so as to help farmers improve the level of cattle raising and achieve income increase.
Second, the selection of varieties.
1.Local cattle: There are local cattle breeds in various parts of China, such as cattle, buffalo, etc. Local cattle are adaptable, resistant to rough feeding, and have delicious meat, which is suitable for local breeding.
2.Introduced breeds: such as Holstein cattle, Simmental cattle, etc. These breeds grow fast and have good meat quality, but they require good rearing conditions and management techniques.
3. Feeding management.
1.Feed preparation: According to the breed, growth stage and nutritional needs of cattle, reasonable preparation of feed. Commonly used feeds include green feed, roughage and concentrate. Green fodder includes pasture, vegetables, etc.;Roughage includes straw, hay, etc.;Concentrate feeds include corn, soybean meal, etc.
2.Feeding methods: According to the growth stage and feeding purpose of cattle, different feeding methods are adopted. Calves are mainly breastfed, with complementary foods gradually addedBreeding cattle are mainly roughaged, and concentrate feed is appropriately supplemented;Adult cattle are mainly concentrated feed, and roughage is appropriately supplemented.
3.Drinking water management: Keep the water source clean and change the drinking water regularly to ensure the drinking water needs of the cattle.
4.Hygiene management: keep the barn clean and dry, and disinfect it regularly to prevent the occurrence of diseases.
Fourth, epidemic prevention and control.
1.Vaccination: According to the local epidemic situation, vaccinate cattle regularly to improve immunity.
2.Drugs**: When the epidemic occurs, choose the appropriate drug according to the condition**. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the *** and use of drugs.
3.Isolation**: For cattle suspected of having epidemic diseases, they should be isolated in time to prevent the spread of the epidemic.
4.Disinfection measures: Regularly disinfect the barn and utensils to cut off the transmission of the disease.
5. Reproductive technology.
1.Breeding method: Breeding is carried out by natural mating or artificial insemination. Natural mating is suitable for the reproduction of native and introduced breeds;Artificial insemination is suitable for large-scale farms and breeds with low reproductive efficiency.
2.Pregnancy diagnosis: Determine whether a cow is pregnant by observing the physiological changes of the cow and using pregnancy diagnosis techniques.
3.Farrowing care: Care and observation of cows before and after farrowing to ensure the health of cows and newborn calves.
6. Summary and Suggestions Cattle breeding is an important part of China's animal husbandry and is of great significance for promoting rural economic development and improving people's living standards. In the process of raising cattle, it is necessary to pay attention to the problems of breed selection, feeding management, disease prevention and control, etc. In order to improve the level of cattle raising, it is recommended that farmers strengthen the learning of cattle raising knowledge and technology, rationally allocate feed and feeding methods, do a good job in disease prevention and control, and improve reproductive efficiency. At the same time, all sectors of society should also increase support and investment in the cattle industry, and promote the development of the cattle industry in the direction of scale and intensification. Cattle breeding