(10) The feudal social county system.
In the next two years, Qin Shi Huang did not go out on patrol again, but began to concentrate on solving the problem found earlier - the problem of the nobles of the six countries, no, it should be the nobles of the five countries, and the nobles of the Yan country have been killed.
Qin Shi Huang adopted three approaches.
The first option is immigration. In fact, since 230 BC, Qin Shi Huang has carried out targeted immigration for each country destroyed, with the purpose of disrupting the previous national system as much as possible and preventing rebellion in various places.
Several assassinations during the three expeditions made Qin Shi Huang more determined in his immigration strategy. Immigrants must be carried out to the end, the merit is in the present generation, and the benefit is in the future!
Many of the dead nobles of the Six Kingdoms were directly transferred by Qin Shi Huang to the vicinity of Xianyang, or directly exiled to the southwest. Many civilians have also been moved directly from their original addresses and sent to various places to leave their homes and make them easier to monitor.
According to the data, there are 120,000 wealthy and powerful families from the six countries who moved to Xianyang alone.
The second method is to collect the ** from all over the country, transport it to Xianyang, destroy it in a centralized manner, and cast it into twelve bronze men weighing thousands of catties.
The third method is to "destroy the city, break through the Sichuan defense, and raze the danger", and eliminate the means of separating the feudal aristocracy as much as possible.
After a little settling, in 216 BC, Qin Shi Huang implemented private ownership of land throughout the country.
Private ownership of land is the most fundamental sign of the transition from a slave society to a feudal society. So, if strictly speaking, 216 BC, this was the year when ancient Chinese feudal society really began in full force.
In 215 B.C., Qin Shi Huang made his fourth tour, this time to the hometown of Zhao and Yan. Qin Shi Huang walked to the northeastern border in one breath and arrived at Qinhuangdao. The place name of Qinhuangdao is also named because of Qin Shi Huang.
On this trip, Qin Shi Huang discovered a new problem, the Xiongnu, this immediately nation has become a scourge on the northern frontier, which must be solved immediately.
In the same year, Qin Shi Huang ordered the general Meng Tian to lead a large army north to attack the Xiongnu.
At the same time, in order to ensure that troops could be sent to the front line more quickly, he ordered the construction of the highway "Qin Zhidao" at that time.
The main purpose of this straight road was to facilitate the Qin Dynasty to mobilize large armies, transport grain and grass, and fight with the Xiongnu. The general Meng Tian also lived up to the trust, seized the Hetao area, set up 34 counties, and established Jiuyuan County.
Since the destruction of the state of Chu in 222 BC, the southern army of the state of Qin, under the leadership of Wang Qian, continued to conquer Baiyue in the south.
Wang Qian, a generation of war gods, died on the way to the southern expedition to Baiyue. Wang Jian was the only one of the four war gods at the end of the Warring States period to get a good death.
Replacing Wang Jian was Tu Ju, who we felt unfamiliar with, but at that time it was second only to Wang Qian. Unfortunately, in 214 BC, Tu Ju was shot with a poisoned arrow by the local natives and died.
Qin Shi Huang appointed Ren Huan as the commander-in-chief and Zhao Tuo as the deputy marshal, and continued to conquer Baiyue.
In this year, the Qin Dynasty conquered Baiyue and established Nanhai County, Guilin County and Xiang County in the south.
In this way, there are forty counties in the country
Neishi County, Sanchuan County, Hedong County, Nanyang County, Nangun County, Jiujiang County
Yan County, Huiji County, Yingchuan County, Dang County, Surabaya County, Xue County, Dong County, Langya County, Qi County, Shanggu County, Yuyang County, Youbeiping County, Liaoxi County, Liaodong County, Dai County, Julu County, Handan County, Shangdang County, Taiyuan County
Yunzhong County, Jiuyuan County, Yanmen County, Shang County, Longxi County, Beidi County
Hanzhong County, Ba County, Shu County, Qianzhong County, Changsha County, Minzhong County,
Nanhai County, Guilin County, Xiang County.
Each county has a county guard, a county officer, and two warden officers.
The county is divided into counties, and the county governor is the county magistrate.
The county system initially broke the patriarchal system of blood relations, and the feudal system and bureaucracy replaced the hereditary system of the aristocracy, laying the basic pattern of China's political system for more than 2,000 years.
The old nobility of the Six Kingdoms has a new place to go. Since then, the destinations of immigrants have been these three counties. Qin Shi Huang took the advice of Zhao Tuo and others to relocate 500,000 people to Lingnan. The consequences were threefold: first, the local natives were assimilated and the south was completely included in the Qin Dynasty's sphere of influence;
Two: It led to the emptiness of Guanzhong and greatly shook the foundation of Qin's rule;
Three: In every immigration, there are many low-level people who live miserably, dress worse than cattle and horses, eat worse than pigs and dogs, and flee to the mountains and forests under the torture of mobs, hold riots, and "crowds of thieves are full of mountains".