Original title: Adhere to high-quality development and high-level security and benign interaction (a review of China's high-quality economic development in the first year).
Security and development are two wings of one body and two wheels of drive.
**The general secretary pointed out: "Coordinating development and security, enhancing the sense of danger, and being prepared for danger in times of peace is a major principle of our party's governance of the country. ”
* The Economic Work Conference proposed that we must adhere to the benign interaction between high-quality development and high-level security, promote high-level security with high-quality development, ensure high-quality development with high-level security, and dynamically balance and complement each other.
In 2023, in the face of the complex and severe international environment and the arduous and arduous tasks of domestic reform, development and stability, under the strong leadership of Comrade China, China's grain production will reap another bumper harvest, energy resources will be stable, and the security and security capabilities of important industrial chains will continue to improveA number of policy measures have been introduced to resolve local debt risks and stabilize the real estate market, and the work of ensuring the delivery of buildings has been solidly promoted, and the bottom line of no systemic risks has been maintained. The solid foundation for safe development has provided solid support for high-quality development and strengthened our confidence and confidence.
Overcoming the effects of the disaster, food production has been bumper again.
In Zongjia'an Village, Yuji Township, Lingcheng District, Dezhou City, Shandong Province, the winter wheat in the field is growing well, and the barn is full of gold. Wang Jiancheng, a large grain grower, said: "More than 1,000 corn plants have been planted on one acre of land, and we have carefully regulated the water and fertilizer, and the corn has grown strongly, and the yield per mu has increased by 200 catties compared with last year." ”
Plant in spring and grow in summer, in exchange for a bumper harvest. This year, China's grain production overcame the impact of disasters such as the rare "bad rain" in Huanghuai, severe floods in North and Northeast China, and local droughts in Northwest China, and the output hit a record high, reaching 1,390.8 billion catties, an increase of 177 over 2022600 million catties, which has remained at 1 for 9 consecutive yearsMore than 3 trillion catties.
Since the beginning of this year, the international grain market has been complex and changeable. Whenever there is a stir in the world, all countries will cover the 'grain bags' first. Zhang Hongyu, president of the China Agricultural Risk Management Research Association, said that in contrast to the sharp rise and fall of international grain prices, China's grain production has reaped a bumper harvest, the inventory is at a historical high, the market regulation and control is timely and powerful, and the overall situation remains stable.
Food security is the "great thing of the country".
During the two sessions of the National People's Congress this year, the general secretary pointed out when participating in the deliberations of the Jiangsu delegation: "It is necessary to strictly abide by the red line of cultivated land, stabilize the sown area of grain, strengthen the construction of high-standard farmland, and effectively ensure the stable and safe supply of grain and important agricultural products." ”
In September this year, when the general secretary presided over the symposium on promoting the comprehensive revitalization of Northeast China in the new era, he emphasized: "We must always put the guarantee of national food security in the first place, accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, improve the comprehensive production capacity of grain, and ensure that the production and supply are sufficient in ordinary times, and it can be topped and reliable under extreme circumstances." ”
Implement the spirit of the important instructions of the general secretary, all regions and departments have actively acted and implemented comprehensive policies, shouldered the responsibility of food security, and firmly guarded the bottom line of food security.
We will thoroughly implement the strategy of storing grain on the ground and in technology, and consolidate the overall production capacity of grain.
In Anhui, the local government has made full use of scattered corner plots to explore "small fields into large fields", and the cultivated area has generally increased in recent yearsIn major corn-producing areas such as Chifeng City in Inner Mongolia, the crop rotation project has increased soybean planting by 400,000 mu ......All localities have increased the weight of regional output and planting structure assessment, and the annual grain planting area has reached 178.5 billion mu, which has increased for four consecutive years.
Since the beginning of this year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has taken the increase of large-scale yields as the number one project in grain productionThe transformation and upgrading of high-standard farmland has been started, and 35 million mu of farmland has been transformed and upgraded nationwideThe three-year national census of agricultural germplasm resources was successfully concluded, and 1,304 new varieties of grain and other important crops were approved, continuing to polish the "chips" of the seed industry.
Policies to strengthen peasants, rich peasants, and benefit farmers should be introduced to protect and arouse peasants' enthusiasm for growing grain.
The state has strong support, and there is still an account for growing grain. Counting this year's income, Guo Luhua, a large farmer in Xisimen Village, Taigong Town, Weihui City, Henan Province, said that thanks to modern farmland irrigation and drainage facilities, wheat and corn production are guaranteed, plus a one-time subsidy for actual grain planting, cultivated land protection subsidies, etc., deducting various costs, the annual net income per mu reached more than 1,400 yuan.
From the one-time subsidy of 10 billion yuan for farmers who actually grow grain, to the 11% increase in subsidy funds for corn and soybean producers over the previous year, to the expansion of the implementation scope of the three major grain crop full cost insurance and planting income insurance to all major grain-producing counties in the country, a series of policies have been implemented one after another, and farmers are more enthusiastic about growing grain.
Improve the agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation system to ensure stable and bumper grain production throughout the year.
This year, in the case of frequent natural disasters, the whole country has made concerted efforts: the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has sent a total of 41 working groups and 83 science and technology teams to the front line of the disaster, and People's Bank of China increase the amount of re-loans to support agriculture and small ......Grabbing agricultural time, reducing losses, and strengthening field management, a number of technical measures have been implemented in detail, and disaster resistance has been achieved to reap a bumper harvest.
* The Economic Work Conference proposed to "unswervingly grasp the stable and safe supply of grain and other important agricultural products". "In the face of the complex international and domestic situation, China's grain output has hit a record high, stable at 1 for 9 consecutive yearsWith more than 3 trillion jin, the Chinese's rice bowl is more firmly served. Zhong Yu, a researcher at the Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that the current global food industry chain is still increasing uncertain risk, and domestic grain supply and demand will be in a tight balance for a long time.
We will make every effort to increase reserves and production, and stabilize energy resources.
The formation pressure reached 69 megapascals, which is about 1,000 times the working pressure of a household pressure cooker - on December 14, on the coast of the South China Sea, the development well with the highest pressure in the second phase of the "Shenhai No. 1" project completed drilling operations, setting a new record for the pressure level of deepwater development wells in China.
This is China's first deepwater high-pressure gas field project, which can increase the peak annual output of the 'Shenhai No. 1' ultra-deepwater gas field from 3 billion cubic meters to 4.5 billion cubic meters, equivalent to 90% of Hainan's natural gas consumption in 2021. Liu Shujie, chief engineer of CNOOC Hainan Branch, said that since the beginning of winter, the 16 platforms of the offshore gas field group around Hainan Island have been operating at full capacity, and the daily output of natural gas has remained above 20 million cubic meters.
The vigorous promotion of offshore oil and gas exploration and development is a major highlight of China's oil and gas reserves and production. According to the "China Marine Energy Development Report 2023", offshore oil and gas production is expected to reach a new high this year, of which the new marine production accounts for more than 60% of the country's largest production.
**The general secretary emphasized: "Energy security and security are related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and they are the 'great power of the country' that cannot be ignored for a while. "Addressing the core needs of oil and gas is an important task for us. It is necessary to intensify exploration and development, consolidate the foundation of domestic production, and improve the ability of self-support. ”
PetroChina Changqing Oilfield has built the first large-scale gas production area with an annual output of 50 billion cubic meters in ChinaSinopec's "Shendi No. 1" Yuejin 3-3XC well test achieved high-yield oil and gas flow, setting a new record for the deepest onshore well in AsiaThe cumulative production of Jiaoye 6-2HF wells in Fuling shale gas field exceeded 400 million cubic meters, setting a record for the highest cumulative production of a single shale gas well in China......
In the face of the uncertainty of the global oil and gas supply and demand pattern, the energy industry has increased investment and workload in oil and gas exploration and development, and promoted stable production and rapid natural gas production. It is expected that this year's ** output will stabilize at more than 200 million tons, and the output of natural gas will exceed 230 billion cubic meters, a year-on-year increase of more than 45%。
There are a large number of old oil fields in China, and the pressure to increase production and stabilize production is greater. In 2023, China's new production capacity will be about 22.5 million tons, which is equivalent to a new Daqing oilfield, which is a hard-won achievement. * Guo Jiaofeng, a researcher at the Institute of Resources and Environmental Policy of the Development Research Center, said.
At the same time, advanced coal production capacity was released in an orderly manner. At present, the coal storage of the national unified power plant remains at a historical high of more than 200 million tons, and the available days are about 26 days.
**The general secretary pointed out that "energy construction cannot rely on traditional industries alone, and we must vigorously develop new energy and clean energy". Adhering to the bottom line of energy security, fossil energy plays the role of "ballast stone", and the scale and quality of non-fossil energy supply continue to improve.
The interior of the house can maintain about 26 degrees Celsius, which is more stable than the previous coal-fired heating. When it comes to her own nuclear energy heating, Ms. Hou, a resident of Haiyang City, Shandong Province, is very satisfied. In November this year, China's first cross-prefecture-level city nuclear energy heating project, the third phase of the State Power Investment Corporation's "Nuanhe No. 1" nuclear energy heating project, was put into operation in Shandong, which can meet the winter clean heating needs of about 400,000 people.
On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the National Energy Group's Qinghai Maerfang Hydropower Station is the largest hydropower station under construction in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, with an average annual power generation of about 7.3 billion kilowatt hoursIn the northern frontier, CGNPC's Xing'an League's 3 million kilowatt wind power project has been put into operation for power generation, and more than 700 wind turbines can provide more than 10 billion kilowatt hours of clean electricity per year......It is estimated that the annual renewable energy generation capacity will reach 3 trillion kWh, accounting for about 1 3 of the total electricity consumption of the whole society.
* The Economic Work Conference proposed to "improve the ability to guarantee the security of energy resources". The relevant person in charge of the National Energy Administration said that next, it will play the role of coal as a backstop, accelerate the construction of supporting regulatory power supply, increase oil and gas exploration and development and infrastructure construction, enhance the power grid resource allocation capacity, improve the energy resource reserve system, strengthen the monitoring and early warning of energy and power supply and demand, and firmly hold the energy job in their own hands.
Adhere to scientific and technological innovation, and improve the resilience of the industrial chain.
More than 30,000 components, with a localization rate of over 95%. On November 10, the world's largest 18 MW offshore direct-drive wind turbine rolled off the assembly line in Fujian, with an impeller diameter of 260 meters and a wind turbine sweeping area of more than 530,000 square meters, the first national integrated dual-drive pitch system in the industry.
As the diameter of the wind turbine impeller becomes larger and larger, the tooth surface of the pitch bearing is easy to wear. The integrated dual-drive pitch system is more stable and can improve the service life of the unit. Li Bo, deputy chief engineer of the Oriental Wind Power Research and Design Institute, introduced that in the past, large-scale wind turbines usually used hydraulic pitch systems, but they were monopolized by individual foreign manufacturers, which was expensive, "We collaborated with several enterprises and universities and institutes, and after hundreds of rounds of tests, successfully developed a dual-drive pitch system, the cost is only about 1 3 of the hydraulic system, and the effect is also very good." ”
From January 20075 MW wind turbines have been completed for power generation, and now 16 MW and 18 MW "Jumbo" wind turbines have been rolled off the assembly line one after another, and China has the ability to independently design, develop, manufacture, install, debug and operate large-capacity offshore wind turbines, and the wind turbine production capacity accounts for about 60% of the global market.
The general secretary emphasized: "China has the world's most complete industrial system and the largest potential domestic demand market, we must effectively improve the resilience and safety level of the industrial chain, and pay close attention to making up for shortcomings and forging long boards." ”
Since the beginning of this year, from the implementation of industrial base reengineering projects and major technical equipment research projects, to the cultivation of more internationally competitive leading enterprises and single champion enterprises, all localities and departments have adhered to the guidance of scientific and technological innovation, promoted the extension of the chain and the strengthening of the chain, and continuously improved the resilience and safety level of the industrial chain.
Lay a solid foundation and speed up the completion of shortcomings.
Good news came from the main bearing of the shield machine. In October, the diameter of 8The main bearing of the 61-meter shield machine rolled off the assembly line, and the domestic shield machine has a full range of "Chinese heart".
The pumped storage power station is equipped with a "domestic brain". In December, China Southern Power Grid selected two pumped storage power stations in Guangzhou and Huizhou as the platform to develop a complete set of core control systems for more than 1,500 safe starts, which means that the four types of domestic core control subsystems of China's pumped storage units have achieved stable operation.
Focusing on the problem of "stuck neck" in key areas and links of the industrial chain, since the beginning of this year, all localities, departments and enterprises have accelerated the completion of shortcomings in basic software, core hardware, basic raw materials, etc., and improved independent intellectual property rights and alternative continuity capabilities.
Gather chains into groups and gather high-quality factor resources.
The production of an electric locomotive requires tens of thousands of parts, involving steel, aluminum, electronic appliances, information systems, precision instruments and other industries. But in Zhuzhou, Hunan, it can be completed within a radius of 5 kilometers. Led by the three host companies of CRRC Zhuji, CRRC Zhuji and CRRC Motor, more than 400 Zhuzhou rail transit equipment enterprises have integrated and developed, and the industrial agglomeration is the first in the world.
Wuhan Optics Valley, Hubei Province, has built the entire optical communication industry chain, driven the development of more than 100 upstream and downstream enterprises, and the industrial scale has exceeded 100 billion yuanNingde, Fujian Province, has introduced leading enterprises and cultivated the formation of four leading industrial clusters such as lithium battery new energy ......Give full play to the leading role of "chain master" enterprises, support more small and medium-sized enterprises to integrate into the first chain, and the advantages of coordinated development are accelerating.
Strengthen your strengths and build a new growth engine.
In the past, the liner maintenance of the beneficiation ball mill required a one-month shutdown and 15 people working togetherToday, with a 5G heavy-duty robotic arm capable of lifting 3 tons, it can be ...... in 3 to 5 days with only one person remotely controlling5G technology makes CITIC Heavy Industries Machinery Co., Ltd.'s factory "smarter". "The key production equipment has been connected to 5G, and the production efficiency has increased by about 30%. Yang Lei, the person in charge of the factory, said.
China has built nearly 10,000 digital workshops and smart factories, with more than 7,000 "5G + Industrial Internet" projects, comprehensively deepening the integration and application of innovation, and continuously gathering and enhancing new kinetic energy and new advantages.
* The Economic Work Conference proposed to "improve the resilience and security level of the industrial chain". "We must not only focus on the key points, give full play to the advantages of the system and mechanism, and accelerate the opening of blocking points;It is also necessary to grasp the stage characteristics of industrial development and the law of technological evolution, focus on strengthening basic capacity building, and take a steady and good grasp of the necessary accumulation process. Liu Yuhong, deputy director of the Industrial Research Office of the Economic Department of the State Information Center, said.
The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that in the next step, we will focus on key tasks such as making up for shortcomings, forging long boards, strengthening foundations, and cultivating clusters, and continue to build a modern industrial system that is independent and controllable, safe and reliable, and highly competitive.
Adhere to both the symptoms and the root causes, and firmly adhere to the bottom line of no systemic risks.
In September this year, Mr. Wang's family, a citizen of Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province, got the keys to their new house: "Although it was late, I was able to catch up with the New Year in my new home." ”
Due to multiple factors, the liquidity of the residential project purchased by Mr. Wang was tight and was in a state of suspension for a time. At the end of March, under the guidance of the local authorities, the Panzhihua Branch of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China issued a loan of 28 million yuan to the project.
After the loan was issued, the bank opened a special account for the funds for the delivery of the building, kept a close eye on the closed operation of the sales funds, and designated a special person to supervise the construction progress at the construction site on a regular basis to ensure that all the loan funds were used for the construction of the project. Li Jinlong, general manager of the financial business department of Panzhihua Branch, said that 240 residential units of the project have been officially delivered.
**The general secretary stressed: "We must adhere to the combination of both the symptoms and the root causes, the combination of near and far, and firmly guard the bottom line of no systemic risks." ”
Since the beginning of this year, China has coordinated financial development and security, resolutely fought a tough battle to prevent and defuse major financial risks, and achieved important results in preventing and defusing financial risks. "At present, the financial system as a whole is stable, the operating and regulatory indicators of financial institutions are within a reasonable range, and the financial market is running smoothly. Zeng Gang, director of the Shanghai Finance and Development Laboratory, said.
The reform of small and medium-sized financial institutions has been steadily promoted.
The issuance of special bonds by small and medium-sized banks has been accelerated, and Liaoning Rural Commercial Bank and Shanxi Rural Commercial United Bank have been approved for opening ......Important measures to steadily promote the reform of small and medium-sized financial institutions and reduce risks have been implemented one after another. The issuance of special bonds by small and medium-sized banks has accelerated, and small and medium-sized banks in many places have supplemented their capital through special bonds, and their risk resistance has been significantly enhanced.
As of the end of the third quarter of this year, the non-performing loan ratio of China's commercial banks was 161% and the provision coverage ratio was 20789%。According to the People's Bank of China's rating of banking financial institutions, most of the nearly 4,000 commercial banks in the country in the second quarter of this year were within the safety boundary.
A number of financial policies maintain the steady operation of the real estate market.
In recent years, affected by multiple factors, China's real estate market has adjusted. Cooperate with the launch of a special loan of 350 billion yuan for guaranteed delivery of buildings, the establishment of a 200 billion yuan loan support plan for guaranteed delivery of buildings, the establishment of a 100 billion yuan rental housing loan support plan, reasonable optimization of down payment ratio and loan interest rate requirements, and a steady reduction of the interest rate ...... the stock of first home loansThe financial management department has implemented comprehensive policies from both the supply and demand ends to better meet the demand for rigid and improved housing, and promote the acceleration of the construction of a new model of real estate development.
Recently, a number of commercial banks have actively discussed and investigated with real estate enterprises, strengthened communication and cooperation between banks and enterprises, and increased the provision of loans to private enterprises. Since November alone, large state-owned commercial banks such as the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China have invested more than 30 billion yuan in real estate development loans to non-state-owned real estate enterprises.
Prevent and resolve local ** debt risks.
On the whole, China's debt level is in the middle of the lower level in the world, from a structural point of view, the debt burden is relatively light, most of the local debt level is not high, and there are more resources and means to resolve the debt.
Since the beginning of this year, the financial sector, together with relevant departments, has taken a number of measures to actively cooperate with local governments to resolve debt risks and support the market-oriented transformation of financing platforms. Guide financial institutions to follow the principles of marketization and rule of law, negotiate with financing platforms on an equal footing, and implement classified policies to resolve the risks of existing debts, strictly control incremental debts, and establish a normalized financial debt monitoring mechanism for financing platforms through means such as extensions, repayment of old loans, and replacement.
* The Economic Work Conference proposed that risks such as real estate, local debt, and small and medium-sized financial institutions should be resolved in a coordinated manner, and illegal financial activities should be severely cracked down, so as to resolutely adhere to the bottom line of no systemic risks.
Pan Gongsheng, governor of the People's Bank of China, previously said that in the next step, the People's Bank of China will adhere to the overall development and security, improve the financial risk prevention, early warning and disposal mechanism, promote the disposal of key areas and key financial risks in a stable and orderly manner in accordance with the principles of marketization and rule of law, bring all financial activities into supervision in accordance with the law, severely crack down on illegal financial activities, promote financial stability legislation, accelerate the construction of financial stability guarantees, and resolutely maintain the bottom line of no systemic financial risks.
At present, the changes of the world, the times, and history are unfolding in an unprecedented way, and China's development has entered a period of coexistence of strategic opportunities, risks and challenges, and increasing uncertainties and unpredictable factors. Firmly adhering to the bottom line of safe development and ensuring a new development pattern with a new security pattern has pointed out the way forward for controlling the complex situation and improving the ability to respond to risks and challenges, and has become an important guarantee for promoting the steady and far-reaching development of Chinese-style modernization.
Development is the party's top priority in governing and rejuvenating the country, and is the foundation and key to solving all problems in ChinaSecurity is the basic prerequisite for survival and development, and an important cornerstone for a stable and stable country. Gao Zugui, president of the Institute of International Strategic Studies of the Party School (National Academy of Administration), said that it is necessary to enhance China's economic strength, scientific and technological strength, national defense strength, and comprehensive national strength through development, and to give more consideration to security factors in development, adhere to systematic thinking, and the two should be dynamically balanced and complement each other.
Under the strong leadership of Comrade China as the core, adhere to the benign interaction between high-quality development and high-level safety, play a good first move, take the initiative, promote high-quality development without stopping, and maintain high-level safety without relaxation, we will definitely be able to promote the Chinese giant ship to ride the wind and waves and sail away.
*:People**.