On February 24, 1097, Su Shi moved into a new residence in Baihefeng, a graceful and exquisite house with a total of twenty rooms. The new residence is built on the foundation of the ancient White Crane Temple, overlooking the river and the mountains, and has a wide field of vision. This year, Su Shi was 62 years old, and for the completion of this great cause, he had "old age and sorrow, but also joy" ("Four Poems of Hetao Shiyun" poem quote). He hoped to spend the rest of his years in Huizhou to create "He Tao Poems", and even Huang Tingjian described Su Shi as "full of Huizhou food, fine and Yuanming poems" ("Bazizhan and Tao Poems"), quite calm. Su Shi, who is open-minded by nature, summoned his children and grandchildren in Huizhou and planned to live here for a long time. He also wrote a poem called "Longitudinal Brush":
The white head is scattered and full of frost and wind, and the small pavilion rattan bed is sick.
It was reported that Mr. Spring was sleeping beautifully, and the Taoist beat the fifth watch.
This poem uses white strokes and freehand brushstrokes to outline a self-image of a weathered and sick person, but at ease and indifferent. The last two sentences mean that when someone reported that Su Shi slept soundly, the monk rang the bell so as not to disturb him. However, Su Shi's plan to settle down in Huizhou for the rest of his life obviously underestimated the hostility of Zhezong and the New Party to the "Yuanyou Party".
According to the Southern Song Dynasty Zeng Jili's "Boat Zhai Poems", after this poem was transmitted to the capital, the then prime minister Zhang Dian was very unhappy when he saw it, and said in a deep voice: "Su Zizhan Shanger is happy!."Out of jealousy, the court issued a new derogatory order, and Su Shi could only continue to go south to the ends of the earth.
Su Shi: Lingnan degraded officials, the astonishing fate from Lingnan to Hainan.
The east of the West Lake Ridge in Huizhou is also named from Dongpo Gong. Shaosheng is no longer the day of Yuanyou, how can Huizhou be the same as Hangzhou?As Zhang Xuan of the Ming Dynasty said in "Song of Huizhou West Lake", the depreciation of Huizhou should be an unprecedented difficult period in Su Shi's career. After the death of Empress Dowager Gao, Su Shi lost asylum, and his situation can be imagined. Although Su Shi is an "incorrigible optimist", he is hopeless to return to the north, loses his confidant, suffers from hemorrhoids, and is financially constrained, so that life in Huizhou is not as calm and comfortable as he wants.
Su Shi's depreciation continued, the salary was not high, and he was often in arrears, and he once wrote to his friend Wang Gu, the governor of Guangzhou, to ask for help in cashing in his salary, but Wang Gu was also reprimanded soon after, and the matter was not over. Therefore, Su Shi's Yuhui life is very poor, "the protégé feeds rice, saves me from the kitchen without smoke" ("Six Songs of Returning to the Garden"), did not dare to slam the door and beg for a night talk, and sent rice to continue the morning cooking. It is difficult to know that the monarch is clear, and he is looking for yellow essence and curing hunger" ("Answer to Zhou Xunzhou"). His life depended entirely on the appreciation and assistance of the locality, friends, protégés, etc.
In "Parallel to Tao Sui and Zhang Changshi", Su Shi described the scene of his hospitality but exhausted of wine: "I don't know at the beginning of the rice, but the strange hunger and rats are moving, and the two sons are really my guests, not drunk but also intoxicated." "Although poetic and humorous, the difficult situation is embarrassing. On December 19, the third year of Shaosheng, Su Guo wrote the birthday poem "Adult's Birthday" for his father, which also reflected Su Shi's predicament: "After three years of poor living in the miasma, who is the neighbor of the alley?"Vimo showed that the disease was not a disease, and although the original constitution was poor, it was not a poor ......In the poem, Su Shi is compared to Yan Hui, who is "a spoonful of food, a scoop of drink, in the alley" and does not change his pleasure, as well as the original constitution who was despised by Zigong but poor but not sick, revealing Su Shi's hardship and embarrassment in Huizhou.
Su Shi's construction of a new home in Huizhou was also one of the reasons for his financial constraints. In order to build this new house, Su Shi not only spent his efforts, but also exhausted everything in his pocket: "A certain house is used, with six or seven hundred thousand, the bag is empty, and there are worries." In fact, the construction of the new house benefited from the help of friends and neighbors, and on February 14 of the fourth year of Shaosheng, Su Shi moved into the new house from Jiayou Temple, Zhou Wenzhi and Fang Zirong came to congratulate each other, leaving poems such as "The Second Rhyme Hui Xun Ershou Meeting", "The Second Rhyme and the Second Shou Xu Xu New Home", "The Second Rhyme and the Two Sons Visit the New Home Together", "Follow the Guard" and other poems. However, he only lived here for just over two months, and then moved to Danzhou with his son Su Guo, and the difficult business plan of Baihefeng's new residence fell through again, and a more severe predicament awaited him.
In fact, Shao Sheng once again belittled the "Yuanyou Party" in the fourth year of thirty or forty people, and he did not come specifically to Su Shi alone. In February of this year, among the "Yuanyou Party members" who had a close relationship with Su Shi, Su Zhe was instructed to be resettled in Huazhou and Leizhou (now Haikang, Guangdong), Zhang Lei was demoted to Huangzhou to supervise the liquor tax, Qin Guan was transferred to Hengzhou (now Hengxian County, Guangxi) for management, and even Chao Buzhi, who was serving his mother's funeral at home, was also taken from his post. A total of more than 30 people were posthumously demoted, but among them, there was no name of Su Shi. However, in leap February, the edict to posthumously belittle Su Shi was finally issued, and he was instructed to drive in Qiongzhou, and the Changhua army was placed in Danxian County, present-day Hainan. So, he had to leave his family in Huizhou and embark on the degraded road again with Su Guo.
In order to prevent the "old party" from turning over, this re-depreciation obviously has the purpose of pushing them into a desperate situation. Important ministers were demoted to Lingnan one after another, and Su Shi, who was already in Lingnan, had to go to Hainan again. According to the tradition of not killing scholars and doctors in the Song Dynasty, the "crime" of the courtiers was the greatest, and it was just far from depreciating. When he arrived on Hainan Island, there was no trace of him near and far, and no more punishments could be imposed, leaving only the ending of "the only death owed". Among the "Minister Yuanyou", Su Shi is undoubtedly the one who has been punished the most.
Su Shi, a name carved by the years into a literary hero, his life has been full of ups and downs, leaving footprints that are like a majestic peak in the history of Chinese literature. In the article, with the background of Shaosheng's four years, Su Shi's degraded life in Huizhou is recounted, as well as the resulting financial constraints, friendly assistance and finally derogatory again, depicting a rich and bumpy picture of his life.
Su Shi's open-minded and optimistic character in the article is even more dazzling in adversity. Although he encountered all kinds of accidents, lost the protection of the Empress Dowager Gao, was sick and financially constrained, he still faced the difficulties with an open-minded attitude. Although his life in Huizhou was difficult, through his interactions with his protégés and friends, he demonstrated the hospitality of traditional Chinese literati and the calm posture in the face of adversity.
Su Shi's poems also play a finishing role in the text. In a few words, he sketched the image of himself being riddled with old age and illness, but he was at ease and indifferent, showing his open-minded attitude towards life. This kind of freehand depiction seems to outline Su Shi's inner calmness and calmness on ink rice paper. The poem "Longitudinal Writing" reveals his humorous handling of anecdotes, as well as his relaxed and harmonious interactions with the monks.
The article also reflects the impact of the political struggle on Su Shi's fate at that time. His denigration is not only an individual tragedy, but also a reflection of the political situation of the times. The political struggle has led to the "Yuanyou Party members" being belittled many times, and Su Shi is undoubtedly the one who suffers the most. This politically turbulent environment, which made even a literary giant, immune, reflected the harshness and chaos of the imperial court at that time.
In addition, the article shows Su Shi's pursuit of an elegant life through the description of Su Shi's construction of a new house in Huizhou. However, this ambition eventually came to naught, and the difficult construction of his new home became a setback in his life. This also makes people think that even literary giants cannot escape the vagaries of fate, and the vicissitudes of life cannot be completely resisted by talent and open-mindedness.
In general, this article brings us into Su Shi's bumpy and open-minded life through vivid descriptions. Su Shi's life has experienced ups and downs, but he can still maintain a broad mind in the face of adversity, and this character is really admirable. Through an in-depth understanding of Su Shi's life, our reverence for this literary giant is further enhanced.
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