1. Soil organic matter.
Soil organic matter is the total amount of all organic matter in the soil, including plant residues, animal residues, and microbial decomposition products. It is an important component of the soil and plays an important role in soil structure, water retention and plant nutrition**. The content of soil organic matter varied significantly among different soil types and land use patterns.
2. Soil nitrogen content.
Nitrogen in the soil is mainly divided into two categories: organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen. Organic nitrogen is mainly found in plant residues and animal residues, while inorganic nitrogen is mainly found in ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen released from organic nitrogen mineralization. Soil nitrogen content is an important indicator to evaluate soil nutrient capacity, which has an important impact on plant growth and ecosystem function.
3. Soil phosphorus content.
Phosphorus in soil is divided into two categories: organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus. Organophosphorus is mainly used for the decomposition of plant residues and animal residues, while inorganic phosphorus is mainly used for rock weathering and artificial fertilization. Soil phosphorus content has an important impact on plant growth and ecosystem function, and is one of the important indicators of soil nutrients.
4. Soil potassium content.
Potassium in the soil is mainly divided into two categories: organic potassium and inorganic potassium. Organic potassium is mainly found in plant residues and animal residues, while inorganic potassium is mainly used in rock weathering and artificial fertilization. Soil potassium content has an important impact on plant growth and ecosystem function, and is one of the important indicators of soil nutrients.
5. Soil trace elements.
Trace elements in the soil include iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron, etc., which have an important impact on plant growth and ecosystem function. The levels of these trace elements vary significantly between different soil types and land use patterns.
6. Soil pH.
Soil pH is an important indicator to measure soil acidity and alkalinity, which has an important impact on the availability of soil nutrients and plant growth. Depending on the pH value, the soil can be divided into acidic, neutral and alkaline soils. Different plants and crops have different requirements for soil pH, so understanding soil pH is of great significance for agricultural production and ecological construction.
7. Soil heavy metal content.
Heavy metals in soil mainly include mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium, etc., which are potential threats to the environment and human health. The level of heavy metals in the soil is affected by natural factors and human activities, such as industrial emissions, pesticide use and sewage irrigation. Understanding soil heavy metal content is of great significance for assessing environmental and food safety.
8. Soil moisture content.
Soil moisture content is an important indicator to measure soil moisture** status, which has an important impact on plant growth and ecosystem function. The level of soil moisture content is affected by factors such as climate, topography and groundwater level. Understanding soil moisture content is of great significance for agricultural production and ecological construction, such as irrigation management, soil and water conservation, flood control and drought control.