Three minutes to talk about culture
William Shakespeare (23 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright and poet. Born into a merchant family. He has worked as a theater clerk, actor, screenwriter, etc.
Published by the People's Literature Publishing House"Five Kinds of Shakespearean Comedy".It adopts the classic translations of Mr. Zhu Shenghao, which is recognized by Shakespeare researchers at home and abroad as high-quality and distinctive in style, and selects five of Shakespeare's most representative comedies: "The Merchant of Venice", "A Midsummer Night's Dream", "Twelfth Night", "Much Ado About Nothing" and "All Are Happy".
The Merchant of Veniceis a satirical comedy.
Antonio, a Venetian merchant, borrowed money from the Jewish usurer Shylock in order to fulfill the marriage of his friend Bassanio.
Since Antonio never asks interest on loans and helps Shylock's daughter elope, the resentful Sherlock takes the opportunity to take revenge, pretending not to ask for interest, but if he fails to pay it on time, he will cut off a pound of flesh from Antonio.
Unfortunately, the news of the wreck of Antonio's merchant ship came, and the cash flow was not effective, and the loan could not be repaid. Shylock went to court to file a complaint, demanding that Antonio fulfill his promise according to the law.
It's good to use it for fishing;Even if his meat doesn't fit in, at least he can breathe out of me. ”
In order to save Antonio's life, Bassanio's fiancée Baucia appeared in court posing as a lawyer, and she agreed to Shylock's request, but demanded that the pound of flesh cut must be exactly one pound of flesh, no more, no less, and no blood was allowed to be shed - because the contract only wrote one pound of flesh, but did not promise Shylock any blood!
Seeing that the conspiracy failed, Sherlock had no choice but to agree, and in accordance with the verdict, he converted to ** religion.
The play profoundly portrays the cruel nature of Shylock, a loan shark, who is hungry for money and the hatred caused by religious discrimination and ethnicity, and also affirms the humanistic view of love and friendship.
A Midsummer Night's DreamBased on folklore.
The story takes place in Athens, ancient Greece.
Young Hermia and Lashander fell in love, but Hermia's father wanted her to marry Demetrius, so Hermia and Rashander fled to a forest outside the city.
Hemia's friend Helena loved Demetrius, so she revealed the news to Demetrius, and the two of them went to the forest one after the other.
The forest is home to many cute elves, and the fairy king O'Brown and the fairy queen Titanixia are having an awkward relationship. In order to play tricks on the fairy queen, the fairy king orders a little mischievous named Puke to pick a flower juice and drip it in the fairy queen's eyes, so that she wakes up and falls feverishly in love with the person or animal she sees at first sight.
It just so happened that the fairy king also accidentally learned that Helena was in love with Demetrius, so he asked Pouk to drip some flower juice in Demetrius's eyes, but Pouk mistook Lashander for Demetrius.
As a result, Lashander woke up and saw Helena, and kept courting her, forgetting about Hermia.
When the fairy king found out, he hurriedly dripped the flower juice into the eyes of Demetrius, who was sleeping soundly. Demetrius wakes up and sees Helena being chased by Lasander, so the two rush to woo Helena.
Two men are in love with a girl, and this trick is interesting enough;The best thing is to turn it upside down, and it makes people laugh when they look at it. ”
This scene made both Helena and Hermia angry. At the same time, the fairy queen also fell into a trick and fell in love with a rehearsal actor Bolton.
In the end, the fairy king lifted the magic of everyone except Demetrius, and everyone got their own love as they wished.
The play pretends to be an illusory dream, preaches marital autonomy and individual liberation, mocks theocracy and the feudal patriarchal system, and expresses an optimistic spirit of affirming life.
In Twelfth Night, Sebastian and Viola, twin siblings, are in distress during a sea voyage, and they each get away with it and end up in Illyria.
Viola disguised herself as a boy for Duke Osino, and she secretly admired the Duke, but the Duke was in love with a countess Miss Olivia.
But Olivia didn't love him, but fell in love with Viola, who courted her in place of the duke.
Love is so full of imagery, and it is the most fantastical of all things. ”
After some interesting twists and turns, Viola and Osino, and Olivia and Sebastian both get married.
Although Olivia's original love was not Sebastian. But his face is exactly the same as Viola's, which is what she wants.
Much Ado About NothingIt tells the love story of two couples of that era: one is Claudie and Hiro, and the other is Benedict and Beatrice.
Claudie proposes to Hiro, who has permission from Hiro's father. However, at the wedding, John, the prince's cousin, was jealous and bored with slander, which deceived Claudio into insulting him to his face because he thought Hero was an unchaste woman, and almost killed him.
Later, the priest came up with a plan to let Hiro fake his death and find out the truth, and the ** of "doing nothing to do nothing" was finally exposed, and Claudius and Hiro reconciled.
Benedict and Beatrice, both of whom despised marriage because of pride, mocked each other and refused to give in to each other, and in the trap of the prince's kindness, they realized that the other was in love with them, and from then on bowed their proud heads.
Benedict: Now I will ask you to tell me what is it about me that you have begun to love me?
Beatrice: For the sake of all your evil, they are friends with each other, and try to develop their evil forces so that no good is mixed in with them. But what good do you want from me to cause lovesickness to me?”
In the end, the two people fell in love with each other and were perfectly united and walked towards the marriage hall.
All Happy is about the exiled Duke's daughter, Rosherine, and Orlando who love each other. But soon Rosherine was also banished, and she had to flee to the Ardennes Forest in the guise of **.
Orlando, who was abused by his eldest brother, avenged his grievances and saved his brother, causing Oliver to discover and fall in love with Rosaline's cousin Celia.
Together, they help Rosherine find her father in the forest, where she eventually finds her father.
The usurper, under the command of the hermit, repented and returned the throne to Rosalyn's duke's father.
The whole world is a stage, and all the men and women are just some actors;They all have their moments of play, and they all have their moments of playing. ”
Orlando and Rosherine, Oliver and Celia, Shepherd Silves and Shepherdess, and Clown Touchstone and Village Aunt Audrey tie the knot, and "all rejoice".
For hundreds of years, Shakespeare has caused people to laugh in different meanings with his exaggerated techniques, clever structures, witty lines, and comedies that vividly portray the characters' personalities.
Shakespeare once said: ". .Life is like a comedy, you only make a fool of yourself when you're wearing a costume