The people's police shoulder the mission of maintaining social stability and people's security. In order to better perform their duties, China has divided a number of different types of police according to the different tasks, functions, and fields undertaken by the "public security", "procuratorial", "court", "judicial", and "national security" police organizations. These police services play a key role in their respective fields and together build a strong law and order system in our country.
What kind of police are included in the new Police Law?The people's police include the people's police of the public security organs, the people's police of the ** organs, the prison police of the judicial-administrative organs, the drug rehabilitation police, the judicial police of the people's courts, and the judicial police of the people's procuratorates.
1. People's police of public security organs
The people's police of the public security organs have the largest number of institutions and the largest number of people. From top to bottom, the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China, 32 provincial-level public security departments (bureaus), municipal (league, autonomous prefecture) public security bureaus, county, city, and banner public security bureaus (sub-bureaus) and township (street) police stations.
In terms of the internal division of labor, the police of the public security organs include:
1. Patrol police and special police: police officers who are responsible for handling violent and terrorist crimes, serious violent crimes, riots and confrontational cases, and patrol duties
2. Traffic police: The police responsible for traffic safety management, vehicle management, etc., the police wearing white hats on the road, patrolling on police motorcycles, and the police in the vehicle management office all belong to the traffic police;
3. Criminal police: the most common police officer responsible for criminal investigation in film and television dramas;
4. Anti-narcotics police: the police responsible for cracking down on drug crimes;
5. Economic investigation: the police who investigate and handle economic crime cases;
6. Police Inspector: Generally speaking, it is the police who supervise the police, and are responsible for supervising the performance of duties, exercise of authority and discipline by the subordinate units of the public security organs at the same level and the public security organs at lower levels and their people's police in accordance with the law
7. Yangtze River Shipping Public Security: There are 16 sub-bureaus in Chongqing, Yichang, Jingzhou, Yueyang, Wuhan, etc., and 78 public security police stations along the Yangtze River
8. Customs anti-smuggling police: the anti-smuggling bureau of the General Administration of Customs, the anti-smuggling bureau of the Guangdong Branch, and the police of the 42 anti-smuggling bureaus (and subordinate anti-smuggling sub-bureaus) directly under the customs;
In addition, there are special services, public security, household registration, legal system, anti-terrorism, intelligence command, forest police, entry and exit management, tourism, food and drugs, police security, prison management, railway police, civil aviation, as well as public security people's police in scientific research, appraisal, training, teaching units, etc., which will not be listed one by one;
2. People's police of ** organs
The people's police responsible for counter-espionage efforts and other related work, including the people's police of the ministry, the provincial national security departments, and the municipal bureaus and their sub-bureaus;
III. People's Police in the Judicial Administrative System
The main ones are the people's police of various prisons across the country, the people's police of the prison management bureau, and the people's police of the local drug treatment management bureaus (compulsory isolation drug rehabilitation centers).
4. Judicial police of the people's courts
Judicial police at all levels of court.
5. Judicial police of the people's procuratorates
Judicial police at all levels of the Public Prosecutor's Office
It should be noted that the armed police used to be an important part of China's public security police system. Historically, the military and police have always existed, and it was not until modern times that they gradually diverged. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the armed forces were formed as part of the national armed forces, undertaking many important tasks such as security protection, defense operations, emergency rescue and disaster relief, and participation in national economic construction.
In order to solve the problem of the intersection of police power and military power, China has reformed the police system. The Plan for Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions issued in 2018 placed the armed police under the leadership and command system of the armed forces, rather than the public security organs, further separating police power from military power.