On the one hand, safety is the first priority, we should adhere to prudent and steady investment and operation, improve the risk management system and internal control system, run risk management through the whole process of investment and operation, and effectively maintain safety. On the other hand, it is necessary to achieve the best value preservation and appreciation through effective investment and operation, and consolidate the wealth reserves in response to the aging of the population.
Recently, a new investment supervision regulation for the national social security ** with a scale of nearly 3 trillion yuan has been publicly solicited from the public, which has attracted widespread attention from the market. Broadening the scope of investment, lowering the upper limit of management fees and custody rates, and including domestic and overseas investment in the regulatory ratio will have an important impact on the investment operation and capital market of social security.
The National Social Security was established in August 2000 and consists of budget allocations, state-owned capital transfers, investment income and funds raised in other ways approved by the National Social Security. As a national social security reserve, the national social security is used to supplement and adjust social security expenditures such as pension insurance during the peak period of population aging, that is, to focus on "taking precautions" and shouldering the task of social security in response to the aging of the population. This time, the Ministry of Finance solicited public opinions on the "Measures for the Administration of Domestic Investment in the National Social Security (Draft for Comments)", which is conducive to standardizing investment behavior and better achieving value preservation and appreciation.
In real life, national social security** (hereinafter referred to as "national social security**") is often confused with "social insurance**". Actually, the two are not the same thing. Social insurance** is composed of contributions made by employers and individuals, and is used for the current payment of various social insurance benefits such as pension, medical care, work-related injury, unemployment, and maternity. Both are used for social security, but the funds, specific purposes, and operation methods are different, and some people call the former "life money" and the latter "life money", which explains the difference between the two to a certain extent.
Since its establishment, the scale of national social security has been growing, the investment capacity has been continuously enhanced, the breadth and depth of asset allocation have been continuously improved, and the average annual investment rate of return has reached 766%。The latest annual report shows that the total assets of social security ** at the end of 2022 exceeded 28 trillion yuan. From 20 billion yuan at the time of its establishment to nearly 3 trillion yuan today, the role of social security in China's social security industry is becoming more and more prominent, and it is more confident to cope with aging.
The average annual rate of return of the national social security** since its inception is quite high, but in 2022, there will be a negative return on investment, with a yield of -507%。Under the influence of increasing downward pressure on the domestic and foreign economies and fluctuations in the financial market, major institutional investors generally have negative returns. Compared with major international institutional investors such as Norway's Global Pension, Sweden's National Pension, South Korea's National Pension, and Temasek, the performance of national social security is still relatively good. Despite this, the problem of "negative returns" shows that the high income of national social security is not easy to obtain, and safety and value preservation and appreciation cannot be ignored.
As the people's "life money", the national social security should adhere to the principles of safety, profitability and long-term, and achieve value preservation and appreciation under the premise of ensuring safety. On the one hand, safety is the first priority, we should adhere to prudent and steady investment and operation, improve the risk management system and internal control system, run risk management through the whole process of investment and operation, and effectively maintain safety.
On the other hand, it is necessary to achieve the best value preservation and appreciation through effective investment and operation, and consolidate the wealth reserves in response to the aging of the population. The national social security should adhere to the principles of value investment, long-term investment, diversified investment and stable investment, optimize the structure of the investment portfolio, and continuously improve the investment efficiency and income level.
Combined with the development and changes of the financial market, the measures introduced this time increase and adjust the scope of national social security investment, including corporate bonds, debt financing instruments for non-financial enterprises, pension products, etc. At the same time, hedging tools should be appropriately increased, including stock indexes**, treasury bonds**, stock index options, etc. The maximum investment ratio of ** class and equity assets can reach 40% and 30% respectively, which further improves the flexibility of social security investment, which not only supports the development of the capital market and the real economy, activates the capital market, but also increases the opportunity for investment income. In addition, moderately reducing the upper limit of management fee rate and custody fee rate is conducive to reducing investment costs and increasing yields.
At present, the external environment is complex and severe, the foundation for the domestic economy to rebound still needs to be consolidated, the global financial market is volatile, and the social security industry is still facing many risks and challenges to achieve value preservation and appreciation under the premise of ensuring safety. Only by standardizing investment behavior and improving investment operation and risk prevention and control capabilities can social security become bigger and stronger, better serve the implementation of national strategies, help the development of the capital market, and achieve safety and value preservation and appreciation. (This article**: Economy** Author: Zeng Jinhua).