1. What is a public institution?
Public institutions refer to social organizations established by the use of state-owned assets to serve the national economic and social development in education, science and technology, culture, health, etc. They are not for profit, but mainly perform social public service functions.
1.Public institutions are organizations established by the best to provide public goods and services to the whole society. Their main responsibility is to meet the public needs of society, including education, science and technology, culture, health and other fields. Unlike for-profit enterprises, public institutions do not aim to make profits, but take serving the society as their own responsibility.
2.The operation of public institutions depends on state-owned assets. These assets are allocated or donated by **, which ensures the public welfare and non-profit nature of public institutions. At the same time, the income of public institutions is mainly used for appropriations and social donations, which are mainly used for the provision of public services, rather than for investment or expansion.
3.Public institutions are social organizations, and they have a certain degree of sociality and autonomy. Public institutions usually have independent legal personality and are able to manage and make decisions independently. When providing services, they need to cooperate with all parties, such as enterprises, and social organizations, and accept the supervision and management of the society.
4.The function of public institutions is to meet the public needs of society and promote economic and social development. They play an important role in education, science and technology, culture, health and other fields, providing basic public services for society and promoting social equity and sustainable development.
2. What is a civil servant?
1.According to the Civil Servants Law of the People's Republic of China, China's state civil servants refer to those who perform public duties in accordance with the law, are included in the state administrative establishment, and are paid wages and benefits by the state treasury.
2.Civil servants are an important part of the contingent of cadres, the backbone of the socialist cause, and the public servants of the people who serve the people.
3.The duties of civil servants include: exemplary compliance with the Constitution and laws;Conscientiously perform duties in accordance with the prescribed authority and procedures, and strive to improve work efficiency;Serve the people wholeheartedly and accept the people's supervision;Safeguard the security, honour and interests of the country;Be loyal to their duties, be diligent and conscientious, obey and implement the decisions and orders made by their superiors in accordance with the law;Guarding state secrets and work secrets;Abide by discipline, abide by professional ethics, and abide by social morality in an exemplary manner;Honest and honest, fair and decent;Other obligations provided for by law.
3. What is the difference between public institutions and civil servants?
Public institutions and civil servants are two different forms of public sector employment that occupy an important position in China's administrative system. Although both are state officials, there are significant differences in terms of responsibilities, establishment, treatment, and development space.
1) Definition and Nature.
Public institutions: Public institutions refer to social service organizations organized by state organs or other organizations using state-owned assets for the purpose of social welfare, and engaged in education, science and technology, culture, health, and other activities. They usually do not have administrative functions and mainly provide public services.
Civil servants: Civil servants refer to the employees of state organs at all levels, who perform public duties in accordance with the law, are included in the state administrative establishment, and are paid wages and benefits by the state finance. The main duties of a civil servant are to exercise the executive power of the State and to perform the official duties of the State.
2) Establishment and position.
Establishment of public institutions: The establishment of public institutions is usually referred to as the establishment of public institutions, and their employees generally sign employment contracts rather than labor contracts. The management of the establishment personnel is relatively flexible, and the establishment scale can be adjusted according to actual needs.
Establishment of civil servants: The establishment of civil servants belongs to the national administrative establishment, with a strict system of fixed establishment and fixed posts. The recruitment, promotion, and transfer of civil servants must comply with relevant national laws, regulations, and policies.
3) Duties and powers.
Public institutions: The responsibilities of public institutions are mainly to provide public services, such as education, medical care, scientific research, etc. They usually do not have administrative law enforcement powers, but they have certain management and decision-making powers in their areas of expertise.
Civil servants: The duties of civil servants are to exercise state administrative power and perform state official duties, including formulating and enforcing policies, managing social affairs, and maintaining social order. They have administrative administrative powers and exercise administrative functions on behalf of the state.
4) Treatment and development space.
Public institutions: Employees of public institutions usually refer to the standards of civil servants in terms of salaries and benefits, but the specific treatment varies from unit to unit and region. The development space of public institutions is relatively limited, and there are few opportunities for promotion.
Civil servants: Civil servants enjoy the salary, benefits and other benefits prescribed by the state, which is relatively stable. Civil servants have more room for development and more opportunities for promotion, and can obtain higher status and treatment through job promotion and rank promotion.
5) Stability and flexibility.
Public institutions: The stability of public institutions is relatively high, and once they enter the establishment of institutions, as long as they do not make serious mistakes or violate regulations, they can generally maintain an employment relationship for a long time. At the same time, the recruitment and personnel management of public institutions is relatively flexible, and the recruitment conditions and personnel policies can be adjusted according to actual needs.
Civil servants: The stability of civil servants is very high, and they are known as the "iron rice bowl". Once you become a civil servant, you can basically hold office for life unless you violate laws and regulations or are seriously derelict in your duties. The recruitment and personnel management of civil servants is very strict and follows a well-established set of systems and procedures.
6) Reform and development trends.
In recent years, China has carried out a series of reforms to public institutions and the civil service system. The direction of reform of public institutions is to gradually move towards marketization and socialization, reduce the best intervention, and enhance the autonomy and vitality of public institutions. The reform of the civil service system pays more attention to improving the quality and ability of civil servants, strengthening performance appraisal and incentive mechanisms, and promoting the optimization and overall quality improvement of civil servants.