Many people say: "Good health is the capital of the revolution", but many elderly people do not dare to go for a physical examination, thinking that it is not cost-effective to go for a physical examination.
Why don't you dare to go for a medical check-up?
1.There are too many people in the hospital and the queues are too long.
2.There are many check-ups in the hospital, so you may not be able to do it.
3.The elderly are very resistant to the environment of the hospital and think that the staff inside has a bad attitude.
4.The medical examination report is useless and does not work.
5.The cost is high, and the medical examination fee is more expensive than other items.
6.The physical function of the elderly is declining, and it is easy to have problems with a physical examination, and it is not good if it is not cancer. And it's inconvenient to go to the hospital when you're old.
In fact, many elderly people want to go for a physical examination, but after waiting in line in the hospital for a long time, the doctor said that there was no problem and had not been checked out, which made people dare to go! So how should the elderly have a physical examination?
Blood pressure
In the physical examination of the elderly, blood pressure examination is very important, because the level of blood pressure is related to the health of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, if the blood pressure is high, it is easy to induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and it will increase the burden on the heart, increase the chance of heart disease and myocardial infarction. Therefore, in the physical examination of the elderly, the doctor can check the blood pressure, and if the blood pressure is found to be high, it is necessary to take measures in time**.
In the physical examination of the elderly, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring can be selected to detect blood pressure, because 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is to measure the change of blood pressure value within 24 hours. Through monitoring, the blood pressure can be understood in time, and it can also be carried out according to the actual situation**. If high blood pressure is a problem, antihypertensive drugs can be used**. Of course, for the elderly, it is also necessary to pay attention not to sit still for a long time, which is not good for physical health.
Heart
Many people think that the physical examination of the elderly is mainly a heart examination, but this is not true. A heart exam is only one part of a physical exam, and there are other tests that older people should do in addition to a cardiac exam.
1.Blood pressure: High blood pressure will increase the burden on the heart, the heart will not pump enough blood, and cause heart disease;
2.Electrocardiogram: it can detect symptoms such as myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia;
3.Cardiac ultrasound: can understand the function of the heart and the size of the heart chambers;
4.Chest X-ray: to find out if there is a problem with the heart and lungs;
5.Carotid ultrasound: The carotid artery can be checked for plaque and stenosis.
6.Blood lipids and blood sugar: High blood lipids can lead to atherosclerosis, the formation of blood clots, and diseases such as stroke and coronary heart disease. Diabetic patients are prone to fatty liver, diabetic foot, etc.;
7.Blood viscosity: If the blood lipid is high, it will lead to high blood viscosity, slow blood circulation, and insufficient blood supply to the brain;
The above are the basic items of physical examination for the elderly, and it is recommended to conduct the examination under the guidance of a doctor. If the elderly suffer from cardiovascular disease, it is better to be prompt**.
Blood
Routine blood count mainly includes: hemoglobin, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, platelet count, etc. You can learn whether there are diseases in the blood system, anemia, and whether there are tumors in the blood system. If the white blood cell count is low, it is easy to get infected and can also lead to anemia, which can increase the risk of leukemia. If neutrophils are low, infection and inflammation are also susceptible. A low red blood cell count indicates malnutrition or hematopoietic dysfunction. If the thrombocytopenia occurs, diseases such as bleeding and blood clots are prone to occur.
Blood biochemistry mainly includes: blood glucose, blood lipids, blood uric acid, liver and kidney function, kidney function, etc. You can find out whether you have diabetes and hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure and kidney disease. Liver and kidney function is mainly checked by the metabolic function of the kidneys and liver, if there is a problem with the liver and kidney, it will affect the body's metabolism of drugs, thereby affecting the best effect. Urinalysis mainly includes: urinalysis includes macroscopic observation and microscopic observation, which has important diagnostic value for urological diseases.
Thyroid gland
Thyroid disease is very common in middle-aged and elderly people, but it is a disease that can be easily ignored, and many people do not have a thyroid test at all during the physical examination. With the change of lifestyle and diet, more and more people are suffering from thyroid disease.
Physical examination recommendation: Thyroid function and color ultrasound examination should be done during the physical examination. Thyroid function can detect hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and nodules, and color ultrasound can detect thyroid tumors, cysts, enlargement, nodules, etc. If you have hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, you should pay attention to iodine supplementation in your usual diet and do not eat foods high in iodine; If you have nodules or cysts, you should pay attention to weight control, keep your mood happy, and go to the hospital for surgery if necessary**.
In addition to the above physical examination items, for the elderly, carotid artery ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging examination can also be considered. These tests are very helpful in the early detection of cerebral arteriosclerosis. Moreover, the elderly are also prone to various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and regular examinations can detect these diseases in time and carry out **, which can greatly reduce the risk of cardiovascular accidents.
Liver function
The liver is an important metabolic organ of the human body, which has the functions of synthesis, detoxification, digestion, secretion of bile, etc., and secretes a variety of hormones, and participates in various biochemical reactions in the human body. If there is a problem with liver function, it will have a great impact on the body's metabolism.
Main indicators: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), etc.
Liver tests, in addition to routine liver function tests, are also the following:
1.Abdominal ultrasound can determine whether the morphological structure of the liver is normal.
2.B-ultrasound examination can be used to observe whether there is a tumor in the liver.
3.B-ultrasound examination, which can understand the condition of the gallbladder.
4.CT and MRI can examine the internal structure of the liver.
5.Liver biopsy can determine the condition of liver tumors.
Blood lipids
Blood lipid test items mainly include cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Among them, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is a protective factor for cardiovascular disease, while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels can improve the risk of coronary heart disease.
If triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels are elevated, medications or lifestyle changes are needed to control them to keep them within the normal range; If triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels are elevated, further ** is needed to bring them back to normal.
For people with high blood pressure, diabetes, and people with a family history of coronary heart disease and stroke, it is best to start a lipid test at the age of 30. If you have no other family history, it is also recommended to start a lipid profile at the age of 30.
Blood sugar
The elderly, due to the decline of various organ functions and metabolic disorders, are often prone to various complications. Diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and coronary heart disease are common chronic diseases in the elderly. For diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) testing is generally required; For high blood pressure, blood pressure measurements are required.
If Hba1C 65%, which can be diagnosed with hypertension; If Hba1C 65%, mild hypertension can be diagnosed. However, HBA1C may also be elevated with age. Therefore, it is advisable to have a blood pressure measurement and glycosylated hemoglobin test once a year in order to detect changes in blood pressure or glycosylated hemoglobin in a timely manner.
Blood sugar tests can help detect chronic diseases such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia. For the elderly, it is necessary to pay attention to the control of blood sugar, blood pressure, blood lipids and other indicators, and if abnormalities are found, consult a doctor in time and **.
In fact, for the elderly, taking care of their own health should be one of the most important things for the elderly. A reasonable and comprehensive regular physical examination can allow the elderly to better grasp their health status and take preventive measures and ** measures in a timely manner. As a child, I also remind the elderly that they should pay attention to regular medical check-ups to maintain good health and happiness.