The Empress Dowager Cixi and the Late Qing Dynasty: Reflections on History.
In the river of China's feudal history, the Empress Dowager Cixi was a controversial figure. Her reign was almost equated with the decline of the Qing Dynasty. Through a critical analysis of Empress Dowager Cixi's political behavior, this paper reveals her negative impact on the political society of the late Qing Dynasty, and provides historical lessons for reflection.
First of all, it must be pointed out that the Empress Dowager Cixi showed a clear ** tendency in the grasp of power. Since she began to listen to the government, she acted in the name of the emperor, but in fact she alone held the power. The use of harsh measures against dissent has led to the concentration of government in its own hands. This arbitrariness led to a fundamental lack of decision-making mechanisms in the imperial court, and a lack of sufficient discussion and balance in the decision-making process of the state.
Secondly, in terms of economic and financial management, the Empress Dowager Cixi also showed extreme absurdity and irrationality. Historical records show that when the treasury was scarce and the people were miserable, the Empress Dowager Cixi was still extravagant and wasteful. For example, the construction of the Summer Palace costs a lot of money, and if these resources are used to improve people's livelihood or strengthen national defense, it will have a very different positive effect on the country.
Moreover, in the handling of foreign relations, the Empress Dowager Cixi repeatedly made wrong judgments. She ignored the Japanese threat before the First Sino-Japanese War, and after the defeat signed the humiliating Treaty of ShimonosekiDuring the Boxer Rebellion, the Eight-Nation Coalition invaded Beijing and signed the more harsh Treaty of Xincho because of its support for the wrong direction.
Most importantly, in the various reform movements of the late Qing Dynasty, the Empress Dowager Cixi continued to display a conservative and exclusionary attitude. In particular, during the Wuxu Rebellion, she staged a coup d'état to suppress the reformers, which led to the complete defeat of the reform movement. This closed attitude towards new ideas, new concepts, and new technologies accelerated the corruption and obsolescence within the Qing system.
The essay underpins a critical stance by digging deep into historical details and factual evidence, and contrasts the Empress Dowager Cixi's personal pleasures with the national crisis. This style of writing not only enhances the persuasiveness of the argument, but also enables the reader to more intuitively perceive the intricate relationship between the social situation and the individual ruler at that time.
In conclusion, this paper provides a critical perspective on the profound impact of Empress Dowager Cixi and her rule on the political society of the late Qing Dynasty, and emphasizes the importance of learning from history and being wary of abuses of power and self-containment. By revealing hidden details and incorporating academic analysis methods, it provides space for reflection while conveying information, and calls on readers to examine historical events and figures with a more objective and unbiased eye.
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