The main technical and management points of growing kidney beans in greenhouses
1.Pinch the tip at the right time: The planting environment conditions of kidney beans in greenhouses are different from those in open fields, and due to the high temperature in the shed, the growth rate is fast, and the plant shape is prone to grow and produce fewer pods. In order to improve the yield of kidney beans in greenhouses, the method of pinching the tip can be adopted to adjust the reasonable layout of the upper and lower branches of kidney beans. It has been observed that after the formation of the third group of leaves, the internodes of the greenhouse kidney bean are significantly elongated, and the growth rate of the vines is accelerated. Pinch the tip from the third group of leaves after the appearance of the leaves, which can control the elongation of the main vine and promote the germination of the lower side branches.
2.Prevent flower and pod falling:Falling flowers and pods is a major problem in the cultivation of kidney beans in greenhouses, and there are two factors in the comprehensive analysis. The first is the nutritional factor, the flower bud differentiation of kidney bean is relatively early, and the plant enters the stage of vegetative growth and reproductive growth earlier, so the early flowering stage is often due to the competition between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. The second is climatic factors, mostly because the high temperature makes the development of flowers unfavorable, which hinders pollination and fertilization. When the temperature in the shed reaches 28, the flowers will begin to fall, and the flowers will be more serious when they are above 30, so the ventilation should be gradually increased in March and April.
3.Prevention and control of kidney bean root rot: Kidney bean root rot is the same as other sparse vegetable root rot and is a soil-borne disease. There are several ways to develop kidney bean root rot.
4.Breed selection:Varieties with good disease resistance, strong stress resistance, few branches, mainly pod-forming on the main vine, concentrated pod-setting, single pod weight, high yield, less fiber, and good quality were selected. Such as green dragon, green abundance.
5.Plot Selection:Greenhouse kidney bean planting requires loose soil, deep soil layer and suitable fertility. The planting land has good drainage conditions, sufficient ventilation and light, and the selected plots should be rotated in a targeted manner, which is rotated once every 3 years under normal circumstances.
6.Fertilization:The greenhouse was deeply cleaned, and 150-250 kg of biological bacterial organic fertilizer, 30 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and 50 kg of trace element fertilizer were sprinkled per mu, and rotary tillage should be carried out in time after fertilization. After that, the fine rake was leveled, and the ridge was sealed according to the planting specifications, with a small row spacing of 60-80 cm and a large row spacing of 80-120 cm.
7.Live streaming: Before sowing, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive irrigation to create moisture to ensure sufficient moisture to plant. The sowing amount should be moderately controlled, in which 2-3 seeds should be sown in each planting hole, and the planting plant spacing should be controlled to keep it at 35-40 cm, and after successful sowing, it should be covered with *2 cm. For the live broadcast greenhouse, after successful sowing, it is necessary to carry out plastic film mulching. When the seeds* have an ejection effect on the top membrane, the kidney bean seedlings should be released in time.
8.Field managementGreenhouse kidney beans should be topped at a certain height, and greenhouse kidney beans should be topped as soon as possible according to the situation to prevent the prolongation of vegetative growth time, and suffer from frost damage when encountering cold snaps during pods in the later stage. Generally, it is good to top 40 days before cooling, and the general plant growth height is 15~1.8 meters, the height of the greenhouse plant is about 2 meters.
9.Buckle film:Depending on the size of the plant, the growth rate is fast, and the plant is strong enough to be filmed when the temperature drops. The plant is short, in order to increase the temperature, the film can be buckled early to accelerate the growth of kidney beans.
10.Rational management: In order to effectively promote flower bud differentiation, early flowering, more pods. When the seedlings are 30 cm high, apply 02% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution mixed with 100 mg kg of prozhuangxin and sprayed evenly. When the seedlings are 50 cm tall, apply 200 mg kg of booster plus 0Mix the 2% urea solution and spray it evenly. When the seedling height is 70 cm, apply the same drug and spray it 2-3 times in a row, and the best time for winter farming is to carry out it in the morning on a sunny day.