Hainan and other places in China have seen the emergence of large-scale durian planting basesCould it be that China's durian freedom is about to be realized?
But Thailand and Vietnam are going to be sad, without China, who will their ** durian be sold to?
When it comes to durian, there may be a polarizing attitude.
Some people think that it is a delicacy in the world and is indispensable every day. The other part will find it very smelly, it's the most disgusting thing in the world.
It stinks, but we can barely afford it!
There are very few durians in China, so almost all the durians we see in the market are imported from Southeast AsiaOriginally, the import price of a pound of durian was only a dozen yuan a few years ago, but now it is nearly fifty yuan!
Even if you buy it in Guangdong, which has the largest durian imports, you have to buy at least nearly 200 to buy one!
The growth cycle is very long, generally taking at least five years to bear fruit.
Generally speaking, the family's field bears wheat once a year or once every three years, which one is more profitable?
Durian is difficult to pick and the cost of picking is high.
A durian tree is more than ten meters high, and there is no machine to pick duriansIt's all manually crawling up and down and picking it up and down.
A durian weighs four or five pounds, and if you throw it directly from the tree, it may break it, but if you pick one and go down again, it will be a waste of time.
So under normal circumstances, it is two people who pick durian togetherOne person picks it at the top, and one person picks it up at the bottom with a bag.
But there will be a risk in this, it is light to break it without receiving the durian, but in case it hits the head or body of the person below, it will be troublesomeTherefore, the labor cost of durian picking is very high.
High shipping costs. Durian has a short shelf life, and the cargo damage rate is high during transportation, so it needs to be stored at low temperature during transportationAnd whether it's by sea or by air, it's a huge shipping expense.
The fruit drop rate of durian is high, and durian can normally produce hundreds of fruits during the fruit-setting period, but the nutrition of these fruits is unbalanced, and the quality of durian cannot be guaranteed.
Therefore, the relevant personnel who plant durian will pick some of the fruits first.
Due to the influence of the climate, some fruits will be affected, and the relevant personnel will also pick these duriansIn the end, only a few dozen durians survived.
Durian is so expensive, we must think that no one will buy it, but on the contrary, the import volume of this thing ranks first among the imported fruits in my country!
That's right, in 2019, the number of durians imported by my country has surpassed that of cherriesThis makes durian the "king of imported fruits".
Why does my country dare to import such a large amount of durian?
It's not because there are too many people buying it!
However, in recent years, the planting trend of durian in China is very obvious, and we may be able to eat our own durian this yearMaybe there will be no need to import durian to Southeast Asia in the future!
In 1958, Hainan introduced high-quality durian from MalaysiaWe carefully cultivated it for a few years, but in the end it didn't work out.
Later, the matter of planting durian in China was over, and people generally believed that the environment in Hainan was not suitable for growing durian.
But then, the "durian fever" reappeared.
In 2017, the Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Hainan began to visit and investigate againTo study whether durian is likely to be successfully cultivated in Hainan.
Unexpectedly, in 2019, 40 durians for viewing in Baoting, Hainan suddenly bore fruit.
Here's the thing:
In 2014, Yu Desheng brought back some durian seedlings from Vietnam, and he just wanted to plant them on both sides of the road to add some scenery to the roadside.
As a result, he did not do his best when cultivating, and it was almost a free-range stateOnly when it feels like it's short of water will it add some water.
Unexpectedly, by 2015, it actually bloomed, and later it bore fruit, and it didn't take long for it to fall fruit.
Although the fruit did not reach the mouth in the end, it at least proved that it could bear fruit in China!
Later, Yu Desheng began to plant durian, and constantly tried and changed the method of planting it.
It wasn't until February 2019 that durian was finally a success.
The durian that grows on the durian tree does not fall off on its own, and it grows bigger and bigger.
By May, durian had successfully produced more than 300 catties, and the durian produced was still very delicious.
Since knowing that the durian trees in Baoting can bear fruit, experts in Hainan have also begun to carry out durian planting pilots in Sanya and other cities and counties in HainanConstantly overcoming obstacles, he finally found a way to grow durian.
Subsequently, Hainan began to grow durian on a large scale, and it did achieve good results.
According to reports, Sanya has planted a total of more than 10,000 acres of durian, and they have not only cultivated unique varieties such as vanilla durianIt has also successfully introduced excellent varieties from Southeast Asia, such as Musang King durian, etc.
Now the planting area of Musang King durian is nearly 20 acres, and it is expected to make a profit of more than 5 million yuan per year after maturity.
The 1,400 acres of durian in Sanya's Yucai Ecological Zone have already borne young fruitsAnd each tree can also hang more than 10 fruits.
It is estimated that by June this year, these durians will be ripe and ready for the marketIt is expected that the output value will be around 100 million.
So far, the planting scale of all durians in Hainan Province has reached more than 30,000 acres.
These 30,000 acres of durian trees can produce 410,000 tons of durian,It's almost the same amount of durian we imported into Vietnam in a year.
This means that by 2024, most of us will be able to eat our own durians!
Not only that, Hainan Province has also established industrial parks and professional cooperatives, and has its own set of production processes and logistics networkscan directly serve the needs of consumers, and their durians will definitely be in demand when the time comes.
Not only Hainan, but also Yunnan, Guangdong and other places have successfully cultivated durian varieties suitable for growing in China.
Yunnan has also introduced Thailand's golden silk head durian, and also planted nearly 20,000 acres of durian, the durian flesh they planted is sweet and thick, and is liked by the majority of consumers.
So far this year, more than 200,000 durian trees have been planted in Guangdong.
And there is a special durian research base in Huizhou City, which grows more than 20 different varieties of durianThere are some cultivated by themselves and some introduced from Southeast Asia, covering an area of more than 2,000 acres.
This base can now achieve the best fresh durian all year round, and has also developed a series of processed products, and is working towards building an integrated modern durian industrial park.
A large number of domestic durians are about to go on the market, and the people are shouting, not far from 10 yuan and 3 catties!
My country has grown such a large-scale durian by itself, is it preparing to stop importing durian from Southeast Asia in the future?
It may indeed be so. When the time comes, we will almost be able to achieve durian self-sufficiency ourselvesThere is no need to import from Southeast Asia anymore.
But if we can't export durian, wouldn't Southeast Asia be anxious?Who should their **durian be sold to?
According to statistics, China's durian consumption ranks third in the world, and Southeast Asia exports as much as 82 durians to China every year10,000 tons,The equivalent of 60% of the durians was sold to us.
And with ** durian alone, they almost earned us 20 billion.
Among several countries in Southeast Asia, the countries with the largest durian imports in China are Thailand and Vietnam.
At present, about 90% of the durians in the Chinese fruit market come from Thailand.
Among the imported durians, about 80% of the fresh durians are still in Thailand.
And durian accounts for more than 60% of Thailand's fruit exports to ChinaThe money from our country to import durian flowers to Thailand is enough to feed more than half of the Thai farmers.
Contrary to the situation in Thailand, Vietnam's durian was only officially exported to our country around September last year. China's durian imports from Vietnam account for only one-tenth of the total durian imports.
But Vietnam's durian is more delicious, cheaper, and more favored by our people.
Not only that, Vietnam's durian also has advantages in terms of transportation. It takes at least seven days to transport durian from Thailand to China, while durian from Vietnam to China only takes two days at most, which can better meet the needs of consumers in a timely manner.
In short, Thailand and Vietnam are the backbone of China's durian imports.
Seeing that the demand for durian in China has become more and more strong in recent years, Thailand and Vietnam have begun to grow durian on a large scale.
According to statistics, the planting area of durian in eastern Thailand this year is as high as 550,000 Thai acres, and the total output is expected to be more than 700,000 tonsCompared to last year, the planting area of durian has increased by 8%.
And after Vietnam exported so many durians, the Ministry of Agriculture had already planned in advance.
They plan to grow 80,000 hectares of durian by 2030.
Once our durian industry in China rises, it is bound that durians in Southeast Asia will be seriously out of stock.
Among them, the most serious are Thailand and Vietnam.
If it loses China's huge durian market, Taiyue will make tens of billions less every year.
Just how profitable durian is, just look at Hong Jiu Fruit, a distributor of durian in Southeast Asia in China.
Their gross profit margin on durian sales has reached one-fifth, and in the first five months of 2022 alone, their sales have reached as much as 1.5 billion.
A single small distributor can make so much profit, so you can imagine what kind of situation Thailand and Vietnam will face if they lose the huge market of China.
After the news of China's large-scale durian cultivation came out, the ** of Thailand and Vietnam have warned citizens not to expand the planting area of durian.
However, the planting area of durian has long been very large, and when I saw that China liked to eat the durian they planted so muchThailand and Vietnam have already planted large areas of durian trees.
As of the beginning of this year, nearly 110,000 hectares of durian have been planted in Vietnam, and more than 10,000 hectares of durian are about to bear fruit.
Thailand has also planted more than 1.3 million acres of durian this yearAnd 80 percent of Thai farmers have even cut down their own rubber trees and planted durian trees.
Most of the durian trees are expected to be ready to bear fruit this yearBut there are still many durian trees that have not bloomed until now.
If China doesn't need to import durian anymore, who will sell the fruits of these large numbers of durian trees to?What to do with these durians that have not yet bloomed?
If durian can't be sold, it's relatively light, and the more serious impact is on the groups that grow durian.
If the durians can't be sold, it means that the large number of durians they planted will lose money, and the hard work they have worked on for several years will be in vainAnd there are also a large number of durian farmers who will also face the dilemma of unemployment.
For Thailand, this will be a fatal blow.
And if China's durian is on the market, then it will enter the market in a fresh way.
Without the high transportation costs from abroad to China, durian will be cheaper.
And the durian grown in our country has a higher sugar contentThe market competitiveness of durian will be stronger.
At that time, Thailand and Vietnam not only lost China, a major durian importer, but also had a strong competitor.
But there is no need to worry too much, the environment of China and Southeast Asia is still somewhat different, and the durian planted in a large area in China has not yet borne fruit.
What is the final quality of durian grown in my country, and whether it will be loved by the Chinese people, there is no answer yet.
After all, how can durian be so good to grow?
First of all, in order to ensure the quality of durian, you can only choose asexual reproduction methods such as cuttingsOtherwise, the durian that has been planted after five or six years of hard work may be "disabled".
Secondly, the local temperature needs to be above 22 degrees, and the temperature must be constant, and there must not be too many low temperatures.
This condition can only be met in areas around 10 degrees latitude, and most of our country is located north of the Tropic of CancerOnly a few cities in the south, such as Hainan and Yunnan, can meet the conditions.
Next, it has a high demand for water, and the annual precipitation in the land where it is grown must be more than 1,000 mm.
Not only that, but it also needs to have enough light, at least 6 hours a day.
If there isn't enough light, it can still be problematic.
For example, in March and April last year, it rained in Malaysia, and the durian production was reduced by half.
This is not over, it also has high requirements for soil, it likes to grow in sandy soil with thick soil, good air permeability and good drainage, and also regularly help it loosen the soil and add some fertilizer, so that it can grow vigorously.
Finally, the durian tree likes to "grow" on the branches, and the branches are open and strongBut if we let it develop, do we still want to eat durian?
Therefore, it also needs to be repaired regularly to make the main trunk nutritionally balanced.
Let's wait and see!