If the page does not load, refresh and try again.
Let's talk about saving water and increasing efficiency
Carry out rake and moisture protection
Consolidate the results of autumn pouring
Liu Yonghe has now reached the "39" solar term, the temperature has plummeted, the earth is frozen, and it has entered a suitable period for raking and protecting moisture.
It is an effective water-saving experience summed up by our ancestors in long-term production practice. After freezing, the water replenished by autumn watering is stored in the soil in a solid form, and is no longer infiltrated or discharged horizontally, but evaporates into the atmosphere through soil cracks and surface capillary mouths, resulting in "green dry and loss of moisture" in the spring sowing of the next year. The wise ancestors created the harrow technology, using the relatively hard earth after freezing as a cushion, so that the surface of 2 3 cm of active soil layer to reach the degree of "fine, cotton, loose and soft", to the greatest extent to block the soil cracks and capillary mouth, reduce water evaporation, and consolidate the results of autumn watering.
As early as the first decade of the last century, Tan Qiang, a senior engineer of the Urad Irrigation Administration, devoted himself to carrying out the intermediate promotion and experimental research on water-saving and moisture-preserving soil and alkali control in the Sanhu River irrigation area of Hetao Irrigation Area in Inner Mongolia, and formed the "Early Autumn Watering and Water-saving and Moisture-Protecting Irrigation Regulations", which was issued by the Department of Water Resources of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and was implemented with reference in the Hetao irrigation area and similar semi-arid areas and arid areas. The "Regulations" divide moisture protection into three links:
The first is the moisture preservation link. After watering in early autumn, the soil is cracked and obviously dry, and the ground should be raked with an iron tooth rake during the period when the temperature rises and the surface melts during the freezing period, and then the stone or iron stone stone weighing 400 500 kg is used to break the ground and plug the cracks. "Sanjiu" (January 9 to January 18) has the best effect. It is best to use mechanized agricultural tools that integrate the device for cutting the soil surface layer and the soil to improve the efficiency and quality of moisture preservation.
The second is the moisture adjustment link. When the soil moisture content of 0 20cm before spring sowing is less than 18%, the soil surface is compacted by pressure to reduce the capillary pore size of the soil, enhance the adsorption of deep soil moisture, and promote the formation of soil moisture suitable for seed germination, rooting and seedling growth.
The third is the dispersal of moisture. In mid-November and the following autumn, the groundwater is frozen on the surface of the soil because it does not fall sufficiently during the freeze. When the soil moisture content of 0 20cm soil before spring sowing is greater than 25%, it is necessary to loosen the ground by raking and discharging the excess water on the surface. In winter, before spring sowing, the precipitation is more, the spring temperature rises early and the rise is large, the earth thaws quickly, the spring southeast wind occurs early, more or the autumn watering of the soil salinization degree is heavy, and the tide collapse phenomenon may also occur, and the countermeasures of topping and raking the land to release the stuffiness should be taken.
Autumn watering and water saving, "watering" is the foundation, "protection" is the key. Let us take positive action, conscientiously do a good job in the work of raking and protecting moisture, and do a good job in the key battle of agricultural water conservation in the Hetao irrigation area(The author is a retired scientific and technological staff member of the Water Conservancy Development Center of Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia).
Editor: He Shiyu Proofreader: Chen Long.
Review: Tian Chang Supervisor: Zhang Chengyu.
Final review: Chang Shangqi