Today's people still talk big, in fact, the ancients also had this behavior, and even the history books that have always been rigorous will actually have the phenomenon of bragging.
Bai Juyi has a poem called "Standing a Monument", which has a sentence in it: "Mingxun Xi Taigong, Xude Zhongni." Bai Juyi said that some of the inscriptions are too exaggerated, and when it comes to credit, they are as high as Jiang Ziya, and when it comes to virtue, they dare to compare with Confucius. Bai Juyi said again: "How can the sage be scorned, but still pass on the suspicion of future generations." "Your practice will not only arouse the ridicule of today's virtuous people, but will also arouse the suspicion of future generations.
So let's take stock of the exaggerations in the records of the ancients today, and see what cowhides the ancients blew?
The first thing to talk about is Zhang Xianzhong's slaughter of Shu.
According to the "History of the Ming Dynasty", Zhang Xianzhong was cunning by nature, thirsty for killing, and felt uncomfortable all over his body if he didn't kill people for a day. So he sent four generals to the state capitals and slaughtered them on a large scale, and finally killed as many as 60,000, 60,000 is 600 million. The original intention of "History of the Ming Dynasty" may really describe the misery of Zhang Xianzhong's killing, but in any case, there must not be 600 million, because the total population of the Ming Dynasty is not 600 million!
Kill 980,000 of the guards. He also sent four generals to slaughter each prefecture and county, and killed them in the name of grass. The puppet official will bow down to the court, call the mastiff dozens of halls, and the mastiff will sniff it, leading to the beheading, and the name will be killed. He also created the method of peeling the skin, and those who died before the skin was removed were punished to death. The generals killed a total of 60,000 men and women. "One Hundred and Ninety-Seven Thieves in the History of the Ming Dynasty".Zhang Xianzhong's slaughter of Shu was recorded in more detail by Mao Qiling in the "Later Records". Zhang Xianzhong sent four generals to the state capitals to kill on a large scale, and Mao Qiling gave a clear number of specific killings along the way, adding up these numbers, it was close to 700 million, and this statement could not be true.
Pingdong Road, killed 59.88 million men and 95 million women;Funan Road, killed 9,588,000 men and 88,000 women;Anxi all the way, killing more than 99 million men and more than 88 million women;On the first road to Dingbei, more than 76 million men and more than 94 million women were killed.It is precisely because of the sloppiness and exaggeration of the above-mentioned historical books that to this day, we still have a huge controversy about the specific circumstances of Zhang Xianzhong's killing in Sichuan.
The ancients depicted emperors with many exaggerations to show that these big men were different and destined for heaven. For example, the Three Emperors and Five Emperors are all different from ordinary people.
Take Fuxi as an example, it is the body of a dragon and the head of a cow. And the rest of the body is very different.
Fuxi: Fuxi dragon body ox head, ditch shoulder to the door, the mountain is quasi-sunny, the age of the pearl balance, nine feet long and one inch, the view is wide, the view is specialized. "Spring and Autumn Latitude: Hecheng Map".Later emperors, in order to show that they were chosen by God, also created a large number of such bluffing records, such as Emperor Wen of Sui, when he was born, he had two horns on his head and his body was full of scales. When his mother saw this, she was so frightened that she threw him to the ground.
The emperor tried to hug Gao Zu, and suddenly saw the horns of her head coming out, and her body was scaly. The emperor was horrified and fell to the ground. "Book of Sui, Volume 1, Emperor Ji I, Gaozu I".The history book describes the image of Emperor Wen of Sui, similar to the protagonist in a hit TV series "Little Dragon Man" many years ago.
There may also be problems with other records, such as "both ears and shoulders, hands over knees" that record Liu Bei's physical features. This kind of ear can make people think of the TV series "Dragon Babu" Hatomochi, and if the hands are over the knees, then only the gorilla can reach it. To sum up, Liu Bei's image is probably a Gu Mozhi with a pair of orangutan hands, you can make up for it.
There is also a kind of boasting.
For example, in the forty-eighth year of Kangxi, Kangxi issued an edict, saying that the previous Ming Dynasty was too extravagant, and the cost of one day in the Ming Dynasty was equal to our year, and the rouge money in the palace of the Ming Dynasty was more than 400,000 taels. There were more than 9,000 palace maids and 100,000 eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty.
Everyone has been to the Forbidden City, and the Forbidden City has a limit, that is, it is limited to 80,000 visitors per day, and it is too much to receive. According to what Kangxi said, the number of palace maids and eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty was close to 110,000, which is obviously not a fact. According to other historical records, there were about 14,000 eunuchs during the Wanli period. In order to slander the Ming Dynasty, Kangxi first opened his own legitimacy, and then opened his eyes and said nonsense.
When Kangxi showed his strength, he said that he had captured 135 tigers, 12 bears, 25 leopards, 20 lynxes, 14 elk, 96 wolves, 133 wild boars, hundreds of deer, and as for other animals, there were too many to write down.
Kangxi proudly said that he shot 318 rabbits a day, which is a number that ordinary people cannot reach in a lifetime.
If it's true that 318 rabbits were shot in one day, I think there's only one possibility, and that's the picture below.
Since I was a child, I have captured 135 tigers, 12 bears, 25 leopards, 20 lynxes, 14 elk, 96 wolves, 133 wild boars, hundreds of deer and the rest of the enclosure. I have 318 rabbits in one day, and ordinary people can't match the number of this day.Ruan Ji was a famous man in the Wei and Jin dynasties, and many people admired him, and when the history books gave him a biography, it was very exaggerated. It is said that Ruan Ji is a great dutiful son, and one day, when he was playing chess with someone, someone hurriedly came to tell him that his mother had died. The person who was playing chess with him quickly told him to deal with the aftermath, and the game was over. Ruan Ji did not listen and strongly demanded to continue playing against him. Ruan Ji drank heavily and drank two buckets.
At this moment, Ruan Ji suddenly shouted, spitting blood from his mouth and vomiting a few liters.
On the day of Ruan's mother's burial, Ruan ate a steamer (the stomach of a bird), drank two more buckets of wine, and vomited several liters of blood.
Although he is not formal, he speaks far away, and he does not speak of characters. Sex is filial piety, the mother is at the end, is playing Go with others, the right person seeks to stop, and the residence is a decisive gamble. Even if you drink two buckets, raise your voice to one number, ** a few liters. And will be buried, eat a steamed girch, drink two buckets of wine, and then come to the trick, bluntly speak poorly, raise the voice of the No. 1, because of the ** several liters, destroy the barren bones, and destroy the sex. Jin ShuDuring the Three Kingdoms period, Guangling Taishou Chen Deng was sick, his chest was swollen in a panic, his face was red and he couldn't eat, Hua Tuo showed him and said, you have several liters of worms in your stomach, and there will be toxic lumps in your stomach, which is all because you eat too much meat. Hua Tuo gave him the decoction, and after Chen Deng drank it, he vomited out three liters of worms.
Guangling Taishou Chen Deng was sick, his chest was troubled, and his face was red and he couldn't eat. Tu Mai said:"There are several liters of worms in the stomach of the prince, and he wants to become an internal gangrene, and he eats fishy things. "That is, to make two liters of soup, take one liter first, and take it as much as possible. After eating, he spit out three liters of insects, his bare head moved, and half of his body was raw fish, and the suffering was healed. He said:"The disease should occur in the third stage, and it can be rescued by a good doctor. "According to the expected results, Shi Tuo is not there, and he dies as he says.