"Minsheng Weekly" reporter Guo Peng.
"In the past, when nutrient requirements were formulated, the main focus was on preventing nutrient deficiencies, but now in addition to preventing deficiencies, the focus is also on preventing chronic diseases. ”For people over 50 years old, the daily calcium intake is actually lower than the previous standardWang Yuanchen, a recently retired high school teacher, asked a reporter from Minsheng Weekly, "According to the previous understanding, the more people lose calcium and the more they need, the more they need." ”
In recent days, Wang Yuanchen has been focusing on the new changes in the daily intake of nutrients such as calcium in the ninth edition of the "Dietary Nutrient Reference Intake for Chinese Residents (2023 Edition)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Nutrient Reference") just released by the Chinese Nutrition Society.
It is understood that after a gap of 10 years from the eighth edition, the nutrient reference released this time includes new research results in the fields of function, evaluation, requirement, safety and chronic disease prevention of nutrients and other dietary components at home and abroad in the past 10 years, and includes more research results on Chinese residents.
The new version of the nutrient reference provides a valuable reference standard for guiding the public in rational nutrition and preventing nutritional deficiencies and excess.
Scientific adjustments
It is worth mentioning that in the past 10 years, Chinese scientists have made great progress in the field of nutrition, and this revision includes a large number of research results of Chinese scientists. Yang Yuexin, president of the Chinese Nutrition Society and professor of the Institute of Nutrition and Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said.
Regarding Wang Yuanchen's question about calcium intake, Chen Yuming, an expert in the "calcium" section of the nutrient reference and a professor of nutritional epidemiology at the School of Public Health of Sun Yat-sen University, interpreted the reasons for the change in intake.
He said that compared to the version 10 years ago, the content of this release, the most changed among the macro elements is "calcium".
Nutrient reference mentions: 1 The recommended intake of calcium for 11-year-olds has decreased by 100 200 mg per day, and the recommended intake for adults is 800 mg per day.
For people over 50 years old, the recommended intake has been reduced from 1,000 mg a day to 800 mg a dayFor pregnant and lactating women, no additional intake is recommended, and the recommended intake is consistent with that of adult women of the same age.
That is to say, there is a unified standard for calcium supplementation, which is 800 mg per day. ”
Chen Yuming said that due to the change in the assessment method, the nutrient reference is based on the indicators such as bone calcium hyperplasia, excretion and absorption rate of children of different ages, and the recommended amount of dietary calcium for children is more accurate and detailed than before.
The reason for the change in the recommended calcium intake for people over 50 years old is also related to the latest research results. Chen Yuming said that there is a lot of evidence that after the daily calcium intake reaches 800 mg, and then supplements to 800 1000 mg, the incidence of fractures in the population has not improved significantly.
At the same time, considering the actual situation, many people do not eat enough of the 1000 mg recommended by the old version of the diet, and the old standard has limited improvement in bone health, so it should be appropriately relaxed. ”
He also mentioned that the latest research shows that calcium supplementation for pregnant women and lactating mothers does not affect the bone health of mothers and babiesWhen the recommended intake is reached, the number of pregnancies and breastfeedings does not affect bone health in middle and old age, so pregnant women and nursing mothers do not need additional calcium supplementation.
Therefore, all things considered, the nutrient reference recommends 800 mg of calcium intake for people over 50 years of age. Chen Yuming said that 800 mg per day can meet the calcium needs of the vast majority of adults to achieve ideal bone health.
Wide range of applications
With the development of science and technology, the people's demand for a reasonable diet is increasing.
Yang Xiaoguang, vice president of the Chinese Nutrition Society and researcher at the Institute of Nutrition and Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said: "In the past, when formulating nutrient requirements, the main focus was on preventing nutrient deficiencies, but now in addition to preventing deficiencies, we should also focus on preventing chronic diseases. ”
In fact, with the continuous advancement of China's national nutrition plan and reasonable diet action, in recent years, the dietary nutrition status of Chinese residents has been continuously improved, residents' health awareness has been continuously strengthened, and dietary nutrition and health behaviors have gradually taken shape. However, Ding Gangqiang, director of the Institute of Nutrition and Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, pointed out that the prevalence of chronic diseases such as overweight, obesity and hypertension in China has also increased, which is related to the unscientific and unhealthy diet of residents.
In our diet, the proportion of animal foods is relatively high, the intake of animal fats is too high, the intake of fruits and vegetables is low, and the intake of trace elements is insufficient. Ding Gangqiang said that he hoped that the nutrient reference could guide the public to achieve a reasonable and balanced diet.
According to Ma Aiguo, executive vice president of the Chinese Nutrition Society and dean of the Institute of Nutrition and Health of Qingdao University, in addition to guiding the daily diet of individuals and families, the nutritional security and meal arrangement of three meals a day in the canteen also have a guiding role, including guiding nutrition practitioners to better arrange meals in kindergartens, schools and nursing homes.
When you open this book, you can see dense data, each of which is our goal value to achieve dietary nutrition and health, and it is applied to all aspects of life. Ma Aiguo said, "For the food industry, nutrient reference also plays an important guiding role in the research and development of infant food, nutrient supplements, health food and other products and the formulation of nutritional labels." ”
How can the general population know about their nutritional health?"The Nutrient Reference has a chapter on nutritional status evaluation, where you can find the relevant indicators for each nutrient or ingredient. Yang Yuexin introduced, in simple terms, there are three aspects: one is to refer to dietary intake, and speculate whether there is a lack of nutrients by calculating how much daily intake;The second is to judge the nutritional status according to biochemical indicators, that is, some direct or indirect indicators of blood sampling and testing;The third is to observe whether there are some typical symptoms of nutrient deficiency.
You can also go to the clinical nutrition department of the hospital to receive professional nutrition screening to understand the nutritional health status and better improve the dietary structure. Yang Yuexin suggested.
Producer: Minsheng Weekly (ID: msweekly) The original article was originally published in the 24th issue of "Minsheng Weekly" magazine in 2023 Original title: "There are changes in dietary nutrition intake standards" and "Minsheng Weekly" full ** reporter Guo Peng Responsible editor: Liu Yeye.
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