In the current village planning, many of them are planning and designing according to the ideas of urban planning, which not only loses the simplicity and nature of the countryside, but also encounters obstacles in the implementation of practice. Therefore, to do a good job in rural planning and construction, we must take into account all aspects of factors and adapt measures to local conditions. The planning team of the Rural Revitalization Planning Institute of the China Academy of Machinery Technology summarized the 6 major reasons why rural planning cannot be implemented and the solutions to the implementation, as follows:
Why can't rural planning be implemented?
1. Planning is too urbanized and lofty, losing the taste of the countryside
The foothold of rural tourism is the countryside, tourists go to the countryside mainly to experience the rural characteristics and customs, if the countryside is developed too luxurious, too lofty, but lose the meaning of rural tourism. The development of rural tourism cannot be planned and designed in accordance with the ideas of urban planning, and the simplicity and nature of the countryside must not be abandoned.
2. The whole tourism project has nothing to do with the villagers and lacks public participation
In the orientation of rural planning and construction, it is necessary to ensure that the fundamental purpose of "surname peasants for peasants" is unwavering. On the one hand, it is because of development to increase peasants' incomes and let peasants get real benefitsOn the other hand, it is also because as long as farmers are the masters of their own and regard the rural tourism project as their own, they will cherish it, have the motivation, and take the initiative to maintain the image of the scenic spot.
At present, many plans pay more attention to village transformation, large-scale demolition and construction, and cannot bring actual benefits or benefits to the villagers, so we should make more fuss about how to let the villagers participate in the planning.
Through village planning, it is necessary to let the villagers participate in it, including land dividends, villagers starting businesses, villagers employment, and so on, so that the enthusiasm of farmers can be better mobilized and they can participate in the planning.
3. The theme content is similar, and the depth of historical and cultural elements is insufficient
Most of China's rural tourism or leisure agriculture is basically homogeneous. For example, about the sea of flowers, except for the difference in scale, the others may be about the same. Another example is the problem of farmhouse, which is almost a simple meal, plus chess and cards, fishing, and there is no other content. The sightseeing and experience aspects are almost the same, and they cannot reflect the characteristic agriculture and culture of a place.
With a sea of flowers, a variety of "ecological" restaurants in illegal sheds, a variety of farming culture, a variety of rice field art, rice field hotels, folk customs displays, weddings, etc., the countryside has once again become a cookie-cutter village, and the core soul, its own characteristics, and differentiated competition are rarely excavated in the construction process. How to consider the industry, how to retain the labor force, how to upgrade the characteristics, and how to create a unique ecological-living-ecological system are the core of rural tourism construction.
4. Lack of tourism management talents and neglect of soft environment governance
In order to reduce management costs, many rural tourism scenic spots have recruited a few people to manage and operate the scenic spots, some even have several village management cadres in management, and some may also find a few low-income households in the village as temporary administrators to solve work problems for them. The starting point is good, but the results are often unsatisfactory, tourism management is a very professional discipline, and professionals must be responsible.
When local governments grasp tourism, they often pay attention to the construction of the hard environment, but ignore the governance of the soft environment. For example, stealing customers, poor service, these common problems in large scenic spots, if they are also in the rural tourism that should be simple, this will be a big disaster, and it will also lose the unique value of rural tourism.
5. One-sided pursuit of construction, ignoring management and marketing
With the continuous upgrading of tourism consumption in recent years and the country's attention to rural tourism construction and tourism poverty alleviation, the pace of development of rural tourism has been increasing, the infrastructure and supporting services of rural tourism have been increasingly improved, and the appearance of scenic spots has changed with each passing day, but the number of tourists has not increased.
Tourists are both perceptual and rational, and they need to deeply analyze and take the pulse of the entire consumption process of tourists, and solve the five steps of "why tourists come, what tourists come, how tourists come, what tourists do, and how to let tourists introduce people". In this regard, many rural tourism builders generally summarize as: people in the city come, come to the countryside to feel, drive, experience the countryside, and the beautiful place will naturally attract people to come, and there is no subdivision of the audience and travel purpose of the scenic spot, and the corresponding promotion is even more impossible to say.
6. Land ecology, policy mechanisms, and constraints on the rural economy
In recent years, the national land "floodgate" has been tightened, and the Ministry of Land and Resources has issued the most comprehensive, clearest and strictest document on land management and disposal, which has made clear provisions on land approval rights, stricter protection of cultivated land and basic farmland, and rationalization of land management responsibilities at all levels, and has formulated a variety of ecological protection, forest land protection, basic farmland and other red line protection scopes, but the contradiction between supply and demand of rural industrial construction land is becoming more and more prominent, limiting the scale of industrial development.
At present, a big pain point in rural development is that there is a shortage of construction land, which cannot solve the problem of land supply and the problem of farmland conversion, occupation and compensation balance indicators, and it is difficult to implement the projectSecond, the traditional land supply method belongs to the whole land supply, and the capital requirements are often too high, which makes the investors sigh.
*: China Institute of Machinery).
How to solve the problem of difficult implementation of village planning
1. Highlight the prosperity of the industry and let the countryside "agriculture +" up
Industrial prosperity is the key to rural revitalization. Start the preparation of modern agricultural development planning, introduce a series of support policies such as incentives and support measures for accelerating the development of modern agriculture and implementation opinions on the integration of funds for agriculture-related projects, increase the investment of special funds for modern agriculture in the county-level finance, and innovate the implementation of "agricultural treasures" and "persuasion loans" to reduce the financing costs of business entities.
We will continue to expand leading industries, accelerate the development of characteristic industries, and form high-quality industrial clusters. Aiming at the development direction of "agriculture +", we will develop an "ecology + culture" model driven by beautiful villages, promote the connection between agriculture and secondary and tertiary industries, and build leisure agriculture and rural tourism spots.
Adhere to the policy-driven, leading-driven, and capital-driven, actively cultivate agricultural business entities, and support the development of agricultural leading enterprises, farmer cooperatives, family farms, modern agricultural industrialization complexes and other modern agricultural business entities.
2. Implement ecological development and make the image of the countryside beautiful
Grasping ecological governance, improving the living environment in rural areas, and allowing residents to see the mountains, see the water, and remember the nostalgia is the proper meaning of building an ecologically livable beautiful village. Combined with the inspection and inspection rectification and review of the work deployment, the special rectification of ecological civilization construction was launched, and the special rectification was carried out around the outstanding problems in the implementation of environmental protection supervision and rectification, and the environmental protection control of the project.
Ecological and environmental protection should not be to abandon the fate of economic development, but to persist in protecting and developing in the course of development. Guided by the concept of green development, we abandon the economic growth model that damages and destroys the ecological environment, rely on natural advantages to develop characteristic industries, cultivate new momentum for green development, explore the formation of an "ecological +" composite economic development model, and promote rural ecological construction and economic development to complement each other.
3. Focus on changing customs and customs, and let the civilized township style rise
Guided by the creation of a national civilized city, we will adhere to the three-pronged approach of education guidance, practice cultivation, and institutional guarantee. Adopt forms that are popular with the masses, such as micro-propaganda, micro-party classes, public service advertisements, square dances, and beautiful rural wall paintings, to actively promote the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China into rural areas and communities, and promote the detailed implementation of the core socialist values in rural areas.
Strengthen the role of demonstration and leadership, vigorously practice the "ten new winds" such as simplicity, evaluation, and service, and always maintain the heart of loyalty, reverence, gratitude, awe, and kindness. Comprehensively carry out a special struggle to sweep away organized crime and eliminate vice, and severely crack down on underworld and evil forces in rural areas. With the "Ten Major Actions" such as neighborhood watch, we will further promote the activities of changing customs and establishing civilized rural customs, and resolutely curb outdated and bad habits such as large-scale operations in rural areas.
4. Improve the three-governance system and make rural governance harder
Accurately grasp the connotation of building a new system of rural governance proposed by the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and strive to improve the level of modernization of grassroots social governance. In the process of implementing the rural revitalization strategy, we will explore the establishment of party building work systems such as the home of party groups and the star evaluation management of party members, stimulate the "nerve endings" of grassroots party organizations, and effectively enhance the governance and service capabilities of grassroots organizations.
Adhere to the direction of "normalization, specialization, rule of law, universal use, and long-term effect", further standardize the order of letters and visits, and handle letters and visits in accordance with the law. Pay attention to the promotion of local culture, organize and carry out selection activities such as outstanding villager leaders, good rural people, new village sages, new village styles, good daughters-in-law and good mothers-in-law, etc., and guide the formation of new customs and new fashions in rural areas with excellent local family style and family education culture.
5. Committed to co-construction and sharing, so that farmers can live a rich life
Adhere to precise policies, highlight hematopoietic functions, and adopt more mechanisms such as industry-driven, labor subsidies, and public welfare job employment, so as to promote the poor people to get rid of poverty and become rich through their hard work. We have always adhered to the people-centered development philosophy, increased investment in rural road transportation, schools and hospitals and other infrastructure, and continuously improved the people's sense of gain, happiness and security.
In accordance with the idea of "promoting the whole county and implementing it step by step", we will explore the forms of capital investment, asset management, resource development, land operation, service income generation, and project support, establish a "three changes" reform project library, set up special funds for collective economic development, and promote the increase of village collectives and villagers' income through the "three changes" reform in rural areas.
6. Policy innovation and breakthroughs to make rural industries rich
Industrial prosperity is the focus and foundation of rural revitalization, and only when industry is prosperous can the countryside be prosperous, and only when the economy is strong can it be popular. It has become an urgent issue in land management to ensure the land use for the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas and to innovate the policy of rural industrial land.
1) Mechanism innovation.
In the first document, it is proposed to "explore the ownership, qualification and use rights of homesteads."'Separation of powers'", implement the ownership of homesteads, protect the qualification rights of homestead farmers and the property rights of farmers' houses, and appropriately invigorate homesteads and farmers' housing use rights". Although there is no explicit mention of the granting of mortgage rights to homesteads and housing use rights, there are pilot areas across the country that have carried out relevant business pilots.
According to the "separation of powers", the market of homestead use rights should be moderately invigorated and allowed to lease them, but we must also do a good job of keeping the ownership unchanged and protecting the qualification rights. Within 20 years, if the farmer signs a contract, according to the new separation of rights, you transfer the right of use to the investor, and the investor's rights and interests are also protected within these 20 years.
2) Land policy innovation.
Local ** have introduced various types of land security policies, a document to further clarify, is to make local supporting policies better serve the development of rural industries, such as the implementation of the "point for land" is the development of rural tourism project innovation.
Encourage village collectives and farmers to revitalize the use of idle homesteads and idle residences, and develop farmhouses, homestays, and rural tourism in accordance with laws and regulations through independent management, cooperative management, entrusted management, and other means. Urban residents, industrial and commercial capital, etc., who lease farmhouses to live in or carry out business operations, must strictly abide by the provisions of the Contract Law, and the term of the lease contract shall not exceed 20 years.