No.
One cup a day?You're really not afraid?
1 cup per day. It's really risky.
I know that part-time work is hard.
But in case you get diabetes.
You're literally crying to death.
According to the survey. The prevalence of diabetes in China is as high as 112%[1]
That is, for every ten adults.
At least one of them is a sugar friend.
Come on. Facing the gale.
Is high blood sugar diabetes?
Diabetes mellitus is caused by a variety of insulin secretions, which lead to insufficient relative or absolute synthesis and secretion of insulin, as well as a decrease in the efficiency of insulinChronic elevated blood sugar
But clinically, in addition to insufficient insulin secretion, there may be other "behind-the-scenes" drivers of hyperglycemia.
For example, "hyperthyroidism" - excessive thyroxine secretion during hyperthyroidism can also raise blood sugar;Another example is some liver diseases - the liver is the "bank" in the body to store sugar, if the "bank" strike can not "save money", then the "cash" in our hands will also increase in disguise.
Conversely, even in people with diabetes, blood sugar levels can remain relatively normal for a long time if they are controlled by diet, exercise, and glucose-lowering medications.
Therefore, when blood sugar is high, doctors often need to understand and grasp various other concomitant diseases to distinguish the possible causes of high blood sugar, and can maintain blood sugar within a relatively normal range through various prevention and treatment methods.
Source: Xiaohongshu "Orange Treasure of Half Immortal".
What are the early manifestations of diabetes?
What are the symptoms when the condition worsens?
Most patients with early diabetes have no obvious symptoms.
Most sugar friends may be diagnosed with elevated blood sugar during a physical examination or other examinations.
There are also some sugar friends who may have particularly high blood sugar, and there will be the so-called "three more and one less" manifestations, that is, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss.
These symptoms occur mainly because of the elevated glucose levels in the blood.
Due to insufficient insulin secretion or decreased insulin efficiency, the body cannot use glucose, and glucose is excreted from the urine, which leads to increased urine and increased water loss, so some patients will have frequent symptoms of thirst.
In addition, blood sugar is normally our body's main energy substance.
However, there is an absolute or relative lack of insulin in the body of sugar friends, and even if the blood sugar level is high, the body cannot make full use of it.
As a result, other substances such as proteins and fats, especially fats, are broken down, and over time, weight is lost.
Although it sounds good on the surface - you can eat and lose weight, in fact, it is a "warning" of the seriousness of diabetes.
Because fat catabolism produces a large number of acids (such as ketones), if diabetes mellitus worsens in a short period of time, a large amount of acidic metabolites such as ketones accumulate in the body, and the body will develop ketoacidosis, which can lead to coma and even life-threatening in severe cases [1].
Source: Tencent Medical Codex.
What are the complications of diabetes?
What are the symptoms?
If long-term blood sugar control is not good, various organs in the body may be damaged, that is, chronic complications may occur.
It may affect organs such as the retina, kidneys, heart, nervous system, and large and medium-sized blood vessels throughout the body [1].
Diabetic nephropathy may have no symptoms in the early stage, but as the disease progresses, symptoms such as edema, loss of appetite, and high blood pressure may occur, and if it progresses to the advanced stage of diabetic nephropathy, kidney failure will evolve into uremia, and hemodialysis is required to maintain life.
Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease.
Studies have shown that patients with diabetes have a three-fold increased risk of cardiovascular mortality compared with non-diabetics [2].
According to a survey, one out of every two out of every three sugar friends suffers from coronary heart disease [3].
If the "senior sugar friend" finds that his chest pain is uncomfortable when he moves, he should immediately go to the hospital to check for coronary heart disease.
Diabetes can also damage the large and medium blood vessels and nervous system throughout the body, which may lead to stroke and hemiplegiaIt can even cause diabetic foot [4].
Source: NetEase Open Class.
What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
The World Health Organization (WHO) divides diabetes into four main categories: type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes and specific types of diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes is the most common, accounting for about 95% of all diabetic patients [1].While type 1 diabetes and other subtypes are relatively rare.
In recent years, the WHO has added mixed diabetes and unclassified diabetes on the basis of the above classification, which shows that diabetes is very complex and there are still many problems that have not been clarified.
The reason why there are types 1 and 2 is because these two types of diabetes are very different in terms of pathogenesis and strategy.
Type 1 diabetes is common in young people under the age of 30 and is mainly due to the body's production of antibodies that destroy insulin-producing cells.
These antibodies act like "precision-guided missiles" that disrupt the "production hall" of insulin, which in turn causes an absolute insufficiency of insulin secretion in the body, resulting in a sharp increase in blood glucose [5].
Source: Tencent Medical Codex.
Type 2 diabetes is more common in middle-aged and elderly people, mainly because the body has a reduced sensitivity to insulin and a defect in insulin secretion, although the secretion of insulin is not too low, but still does not allow the blood sugar to be fully utilized.
For example, the efficiency of workers in a factory decreases, and although the number of workers increases, the output of the factory will still be greatly reduced.
This is the relative inadequacy of insulin, which also leads to an increase in blood glucose [6].
From the point of view, type 1 diabetes mainly controls blood sugar through exogenous subcutaneous injection of insulin;Type 2 diabetes can be lowered by a variety of oral medications, and insulin is also a very important regimen when blood sugar is particularly high or when there are severe acute complications [1].
Source: Tencent Medical Codex.
I really have diabetes
How is it in general?
Diabetes** usually has a "troika": "diet control, exercise, hypoglycemic drugs, science education, and self-monitoring".
The first of these is to "keep your mouth shut and open your legs" - that is, to control the calorie intake of food and try to avoid foods that raise blood sugar quickly (such as porridge, porridge, noodles, etc.).
Stick to aerobic exercise, and the time of exercise should be 150 minutes a week.
If you can lose weight with these two items, it will be easier to control your blood sugar.
Of course, the exercise program must be different from person to person, and it should be carried out under the guidance of a doctor.
In addition to the above-mentioned lifestyle improvements, sugar lovers also need to take hypoglycemic drugs** under the guidance of doctors, mainly including oral hypoglycemic drugs and subcutaneous injections of insulin and other drugs.
What should I pay attention to after taking medicine and injections?
What should I pay attention to in daily monitoring of blood sugar?
After taking regular pills and injections, you need to check your blood sugar regularly.
Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of diabetes recommend that fasting blood glucose or 2-hour postprandial blood glucose should be measured 2 to 4 times a week in patients with oral antihyperglycemic drugs.
Sugar lovers who take insulin should monitor fasting blood glucose, pre-meal, and postprandial blood glucose daily to optimize insulin** regimen.
It is best to keep fasting blood glucose below 7 mmol L and blood glucose below 10 mmol L 2 hours after meals.
Of course, for the elderly over 70 years old, this standard can be appropriately relaxed.
In addition to fingertip blood sugar checks, we should go to the hospital every three months or so to test glycosylated glycemic protein (HbA1C).
This indicator primarily reflects our average glycemic control level over the past three months, with the HbA1c control target preferably less than 7% in most cases [1].
The collection of a 29-year-old sugar friend. From the syringe in the aluminum lunch box, to the current insulin pen and ambulatory blood glucose meter.
What fruits can diabetics eat?
The main taboo for diabetic patients is fruits that can quickly raise blood sugar. We often use the glycemic index (GI) to assess a food's ability to raise blood glucose—the higher the glycemic index, the greater the ability to raise blood sugar [7].
For diabetics, plums, grapefruits, and apples are relatively sugar-friendly fruits.
However, no matter how low-sugar fruits are, we must also pay attention to "quantitative changes cause qualitative changes", eat them in moderation, and pay attention to monitoring blood sugar.
Can diabetes go away on its own?
For now, diabetes is "lifelong".
It can be controlled or relieved, but it is difficult to be ** or self-healing.
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic elevated blood sugar.
Long-term glycemic control can be achieved through lifestyle modifications and medications, and even in some patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with a short course of disease, a "diabetic remission" state can be achieved, in which blood glucose remains normal without the use of glucose-lowering drugs [8].
For example, studies have found that diabetic patients who lose 15kg of weight through diet and exercise have a diabetes remission rate of up to 86 in the first year1%[9]。
However, the control and remission of diabetes is not the same as ** or self-healing, once the drug is stopped or the weight **, high blood sugar will return.
Changing dressings and injections has become a daily routine for sugar friends.
Source: Station B up main "Xiao Pan'er").
What is the approximate lifespan of a diabetic person?
There are many factors that affect life expectancy in patients with diabetes, such as glycemic control, the presence of cardiac and renal complications, and economic and medical conditions [10].
If the long-term blood sugar control is good and there are no serious complications, sugar friends can completely "Shoubi Nanshan".
Clinically, it is not uncommon to see old sugar friends in their old age (80 years old) and mackerel years.
However, if long-term blood sugar control is poor, the quality of life and the length of life will be greatly reduced.
While controlling hyperglycemia, it is also necessary to control other common risk factors of atherosclerotic large and medium-sized vascular diseases, such as blood pressure, blood lipids, uric acid, body weight, etc., in order to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases related to diabetes.
At the end of the day, it's still this sentence:Keep your mouth shut and open your legs.