Song Dynasty Politics reveals the politics of the Song Dynasty, the rise and fall of politics without tyrants, and its causes
The martial arts of the Song Dynasty were weak but not domineering, and the demeanor of the scholars and doctors even ruled the world together, from the Yong to the stone mountains and the sea, it was always a major turning point.
Zhao Kuangyin's starting point was very high, the political atmosphere of the Song Dynasty was relatively clear, and the literati spoke freely and were not convicted for their words. Compared with the court stubbornness of the Ming Dynasty and the workers' politics of the Han and Tang dynasties of the Qing Dynasty, the Two Song Dynasty were a paradise for literati.
In ancient times, all family life, whether it was a lower-class commoner or ***, was centered on the monarch. In ancient times, the monarch was the heaven of the people, and the people called him"Destiny"。
Throughout the 5,000-year history of China, there have been fewer and fewer Ming monarchs from generation to generation, and there are many gloomy and ruthless monarchs, but there are few relatively incompetent monarchs in the Song Dynasty, and there are indeed no in the gloomy monarchy, which is entirely due to Zhao Kuangyin and Lixue.
The establishment of the Song Dynasty was brilliant.
As we all know, Zhao Kuangyin, Taizu of the Song Dynasty, founded the Song Dynasty and was known as the Ming Emperor by the people, and later kings all emulated his wisdom. As a result, many descendants believe that the Song dynasty had no tyrants and was the most tightly controlled dynasty.
Speaking of the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty, it is necessary for us to understand Zhao Kuangyin, because he was the father of the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty. Zhao Kuangyin defected to the privy envoy Guo Wei at the end of the Han Dynasty, and became an infantry member of Guo Wei's team when Zhou Shizong was still in power. Chai Rong's favorite.
In 960, Chai Rong was seriously ill, and Zhao Kuangyin was appointed as one of the supreme commanders of the forbidden army in front of the palace, and was ordered to go to the Northern Han Dynasty and Khitan to resist the enemy. In"Chenqiao mutiny", his subordinates elected him emperor.
After Zhao Kuangyin, the last emperor of the Zhou Dynasty, returned to Beijing, after a fierce struggle, he forced Emperor Gong to resign, and with the help of his subordinates, he successfully ascended the throne and became emperor in the same year, changing the name of Yuan Yuanlong and the country"Song"。
Under these circumstances, the Song dynasty rose from the ground and became one of the most developed dynasties in Chinese history. Why is the Song Dynasty called the most developed period in Chinese history?
Policies have contributed to the prosperity of the country.
Building a nation requires diligent and talented rulers to promote benevolent governance. The Song Dynasty under the rule of Zhao Kuangyin was a paradise for literati, where there was no *** only respect for knowledge and praise for emotion.
There was during the Song Taizu period"Don't kill the doctor"of the national focus. At that time, this was not only a national policy, but the scholars of the Song Dynasty also had an immortal gold medal, which was the supreme power.
Except for the emperor, no one dared to touch the person with the gold medal. He was one of the most enlightened statesmen in ancient Chinese history and was praised by most people"A politician in three hundred years"。
This is thanks to the creation of the imperial examination system"A soldier can't not be killed, and the person who asks can say it bluntly"。The imperial examination system was broken"There is no cold door on the top, and there is no talent on the bottom"People go door-to-door to send their children to private schools to learn Xi knowledge, hoping that one day they can participate in the imperial examination and be an official and glorify their ancestors.
When some civil servants were promoted, there was a saying among the people:"There are only scholars in the world"。The scholars among the scholars all took the scholars as an example"Proven in the world", they can only endure hardships and stand hard work, and participate in the governance of the DPRK and China, which inspires some scholars"Joining the WTO is oneself"ambition and handsomeness.
Since ancient times, Mr. has been admonishing and refusing"，"Chong Confucianism is built, and the master is great"。In the Song Dynasty, the literati did not regard the emperor as an untouchable saint. On the contrary, they constantly pointed out some shortcomings of Song Taizu or the merits of the emperor, and dutifully gave good advice to the emperor, which is what they should do as monarchs and their ilk.
On the other hand, the rise of the imperial examination system broke the monopoly of the aristocracy on official positions, and at the same time gave all the common people the opportunity to serve as officials in the court. At the same time, Zhao Kuangyin vigorously promoted the imperial examination system and promoted more talents, and Su Shi also had it"Three generations of children are talented, enough for the Renzong Dynasty"said.
Because at that time, in addition to Su Shi, Su Zhe, and Zeng Gong, many young talents were also talented, including famous scholars such as Ouyang Xiu, Sima Guang, and Wang Anshi in the Tang and Song dynasties in Chinese history.
The Song Dynasty not only produced many famous people, but also brought four major Chinese inventions: the compass, movable type printing, and gunpowder, three of which appeared in the Song Dynasty, which is enough to prove that the Ming Dynasty was far ahead in the fields of science and technology, literature, and economy.
The authority of scholars.
Scholars had official power in the palace, which was meant to limit the power of the emperor. This is also a precautionary measure for Zhao Kuangyin, who wants to prevent the next emperor from abusing the emperor's power and not doing a good job of stabilizing the situation.
Therefore, the power of the pheasant is greater than the power of the emperor, or the power of the pheasant is opposite to the power of the emperor, but their purpose is the same, they are all for the benefit of the people. However, although Zhao Kuangyin is a Ming monarch, this does not mean that all rulers are Ming monarchs.
In order to cultivate a ruler with both ability and political integrity, Zhao Kuangyin also thought of many ways to let the emperor's son read good books every day.
From then on, they could not achieve their ideals without the emperor's approval and approval, so at that time they first had to show their abilities in front of the emperor, and it was their daily job to educate the next generation of emperors.
In the process of educating and nurturing emperors, they were often teachers, and emperors played the role of students. Under the guidance of the crown prince, the students studied Xi diligently, and in this way, they produced generations of wise emperors.
Due to the restraint of imperial power by scholars, there were no tyrants in the Song Dynasty, which was a great advance in ancient Chinese feudal society. The dedication of the literati has produced generations of virtuous and good emperors.
Zhao Kuangyin ensured a good start in Chinese history. Under his leadership, the Song dynasty reached its heyday, bringing some positive effects to the Chinese economy. In the Song dynasty, literati were allowed to speak their minds freely without fear of being blamed or punished for inappropriate speech.
The Song Dynasty was a dynasty that inherited the past and forged ahead into the future, starting with the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms and ending with the Yuan Dynasty. The Song Dynasty was a prosperous period in Chinese history in the fields of commodity economy, culture and education, and scientific innovation.