Comrade Liu Zhidan's contribution to the cause of our party can be described as a great contribution.
Why?Because without Liu Zhidan, the victory of our party's revolutionary cause is likely to experience more twists and turns, and the time for achieving a national victory is very likely to be greatly delayed.
However, God was jealous of the talent, and this young general, who was absolutely qualified to be the marshal in New China, died unexpectedly in the Eastern Crusade in early 1936.
Martyr Liu Zhidan.
Although the ** who killed him was captured by our army in the Battle of Shangdang in 1945. But Comrade *** released him, and he also gave enough money for the journey, and this ** lived until he was 87 years old.
So, what kind of great contribution did Comrade Liu Zhidan make to the revolutionary cause?
Who was the ** who killed him?
Why would comrades open up to the net?
If a person's ability to do things is to be evaluated, it can be reflected in the difficulties he has to overcome.
In the early days when our party began "armed secession," there were three well-known base areas.
The first is the Jinggangshan base area led by Mr. Zhu, the main scope is in Jiangxi, where the main force of the Red Army is the troops that participated in the Northern Expedition, and later developed into the Red Army.
The second is the Hubei-Henan-Anhui base area, which has been operated by our party for a long time and was founded by the Red Fourth Front Army, which is based on the Dabie Mountains, and is mainly in Hubei.
The third is the western Hunan and Hubei base areas led by Mr. He. Mr. He's seniority in his hometown is too high, so with a shout, the revolutionary team can grow in an instant, and it is loyal, and later developed into the Red Second Front Army. The main area of the base area is in Hunan.
But there is another very important thing that these three base areas have in common, and what is it?
It was these bases that were located on the route of the First Northern Expedition. What is the importance of this common denominator?
At the time of the Northern Expedition, our party carried out a campaign of "fighting local tyrants and dividing up the land" in the major provinces it passed through, and the key areas were Hubei, Hunan, and Jiangxi.
For the first time, the poor peasants in the local area, who had been oppressed for thousands of years, turned over and became masters, and everyone knew that our party was good and that they would have a good life if they followed our party, so the masses in these base areas had really experienced the baptism of revolution.
Therefore, the establishment of these three major base areas has "the right time, the right place, and the right people."
Okay, let's take a look at the objective conditions for Liu Zhidan to establish the Shaanxi and Gansu base areas in the future.
The "geographical advantage" of the Shaanxi-Gansu base area is no problem, it is located in the Loess Plateau where the three provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningbo meet, the ravines are vertical and horizontal, the terrain is complex, and it is super far away from the big cities of the surrounding three provinces, and the north, east and west are all the Yellow River, so it is an ideal location for the base area.
However, "time and harmony" are not so ideal.
During the Northern Expedition, Hunan, Hubei, and the southeast coast were in full swing, and no one could take care of the northwest at all. Why?
Because they are too poor, too isolated, too backward.
When the Red Army arrived in Gansu on a long march, they were surprised to find that the locals still had pigtails from the Qing Dynasty and were ignorant of what was happening in the outside world.
The big spy was drunk and went on a business trip to the northwest, and when he passed by the fields, the people in the fields on the side of the road would squat. He was puzzled and asked the driver what was going on.
The driver told him that these people were too poor, had no pants to wear, and would crouch down and cover themselves with coats when they saw outsiders. Shen drunk got out of the car and saw that it was indeed the case, and he sighed for a long time.
Poverty inevitably leads to ignorance, and the local people have not been baptized by the revolution and do not know what "resistance" is.
In addition, although the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo region is remote, there are all kinds of warlords, bandits, and bullies, and the local people are fierce, and they can't do stunts at all, so all forces are very difficult to deal with.
Later, in the Great Wall Anti-Japanese War, General Zhao Dengyu, who was good at using a big knife and slashing devils, was one of the outstanding representatives and wrestling masters. The famous General Ji Hongchang is a well-known sword master in the northwest military circles.
Zhao Dengyu. Therefore, the place where Liu Zhidan wanted to establish a base was so ignorant, backward, and malignant that evil forces were rampant, and the two major problems he had to solve could be called "hell level", the first was to "open up the wisdom of the people", and the second was to grab land from all kinds of evil forces, and still have to survive.
Such a challenge onlyFirm faith, great wisdom and courage, both civil and military, courageous, charming, eloquent, and meansThe "heptagon" heroes can successfully cope.
God bless our party, Liu Zhidan is such an excellent comrade.
So how did he open up the Shaanxi and Gansu base areas?
It is said that Liu Zhidan's opening up of the Shaanxi and Gansu base areas was not achieved overnight, and he also created this impossible miracle with his indomitable will after several failures.
Liu Zhidan was born in 1903 and is a native of Baoan County, Shaanxi, and has now been changed to Zhidan County. He has been working with our party since middle school, and because of his outstanding performance, he was recommended by the organization to study Xi the fourth phase of the Whampoa Military Academy in 1925, and also participated in the Northern Expedition.
Liu Zhidan. During the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, in addition to Sun Guofu, the Soviet Union and our party also had an important partner, that is, Feng Yuxiang in the northwest, and Feng Yuxiang had money, guns, and people, and his congenital conditions were actually much better than Sun Guofu.
After the "July 15" period, Feng Yuxiang "sent all the Communist Party members out of the army" as a gift, but the Northwest Army was too chaotic, and the troops under the control of our party were basically fine.
In 1928, during the Second Northern Expedition, Feng Yuxiang transferred troops to Henan and Northeast China to fight, and the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee of our party decided to launch the Weihua Uprising. Liu Zhidan, who had just graduated from the military academy and was only 25 years old, was one of the important leaders.
Liu Zhidan. After the uprising, our party established base areas and soviets, but because of its shallow experience, the base areas were selected as important transportation areas. As a result, Feng Yuxiang returned to the horse and the uprising was suppressed. It's really "miserable".
However, failure is the mother of success, although Liu Zhidan and Xie Zichang, who graduated from Peking University, saw the sea of corpses and blood in the first armed struggle they participated in, they were born to be the material of soldiers, not only were they not frightened, but they became more and more courageous.
Liu Zhidan returned to his hometown of Baoan County. The county magistrate is his middle school teacher and has a great sense of justice. And the head of the local militia is a big badass. So, Liu Zhidan discussed with the teacher and held a "referendum", and the people abandoned the big bad guy at once, and elected a talented person who graduated from a regular military academy to become the head of the regiment. This is also the first armed force that Liu Zhidan has mastered.
After taking office, Liu Zhidan led the people to fight local tyrants, divided the land, and stabbed the hornet's nest of the reactionary landlords, but was jointly run by themThe first "start-up" failed。However, this is not a problem, Liu Zhidan continued to run back to the bandits' den to find a way.
Which bandit den?
Or the Northwest Army.
At that time, the graduation of Whampoa was a golden signboard, and basically graduates went to Chiang Kai-shek's ** army, like warlords all over the country could not get it at all. Therefore, Liu Zhidan, who has a Whampoa background, is reemployed in the warlord pile, which is not a matter at all, and he is regarded as a fairy.
In 1930, Feng Yuxiang led the main force to participate in the Central Plains War, and his former bandit Su Yusheng began to recruit troops. Liu Zhidan took some of his brothers from his hometown militia and Xie Zichang to blend into the enemy again.
Feng Yuxiang. At that time, there was a young man named He Jinnian under him. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, ** asked all localities to step up the suppression of bandits, but there was no movement in the Northeast, because before the liberation, He Jinnian (Major General) had been suppressed. His way to deal with bandits was cultivated by Liu Zhidan in the Northwest Army.
He Jinnian. There is another "iron fan", who writes poems to express his desire to follow Liu Zhidan to make a revolution, and this "iron fan" is Gao Gang.
Don't forget, Liu Zhidan was in a large group of soldiers and bandits with no bottom line at that time, since he could "circle fans", this shows that his personal charm is not ordinarily strong. Moreover, those soldiers and bandits are not good men and women, and "convincing people with virtue" does not seem to work well for them.
However, as soon as he took root, something happened.
This Su Yusheng and his subordinates are really too bandits, they do everything except good things, and they make Ningxia resentful, but they were blown away by Ma Hongbin.
This made Liu Zhidan's second entrepreneurial failure.
But fortunately, there are warlords in the northwest, and Tan Shilin is also recruiting. Liu Zhidan returned to his hometown and pulled out a group of brothers, while Xie Zichang collected a group of bandits, and the two of them formed a regiment and prepared to infiltrate the enemy again.
Xie Zichang. What happened, when they came to the three crossings, something happened again.
Liu Zhidan's reputation for the Weihua Uprising was too loud, and there was a super villain named Zhang Tingzhi in Sandaokou who had a bad idea as soon as he heard that he was coming. He bribed the bandits that Xie Zichang had just recruited, and let these people fight back, if it weren't for the desperate death of the brothers in his hometown, Liu Zhidan and Xie Zichang would probably be glorious this time.
This is the third time that the business has failed.
After escaping from Sandaokou, Xie Zichang went to Shanghai's "** Special Branch" to specialize in killing traitors. Liu Zhidan returned to his hometown, raised his arms, and organized a group of brothers. This young man's prestige and appeal are really not ordinarily strong in his hometown, and he is about to catch up with Mr. He.
So, after his sacrifice, **praised him as".Leader of the masses
The third time Liu Zhidan convened the team was only in 1930, and it was still in the early period of armed struggle of our party, and defeat was inevitable. However, although the organization required Liu Zhidan to continue to penetrate into the enemy's interior to engage in "military movement", he already felt that this road might not work, and while complying with the organization's orders, he also began to make other preparations
After pulling up the team, Liu Zhidan broke into Su Yusheng's interior and became the head of the regiment, and Su Yusheng had already returned to Yang Hucheng's command at this time. At that time, the biggest enemy of the big and small warlords was actually Chiang Kai-shek, so this was very conducive to our party's united front.
However, Liu Zhidan's reputation for leading the masses to fight local tyrants and divide the land was too loud, and the landlord's old wealth was gone, so he asked Su Yusheng to kill Liu Zhidan.
Su Yusheng, who was born as a bandit, took money to do things, arrested Liu Zhidan, and put on 12 pounds of shackles, which shows how much fear he has.
Liu Zhidan, who was in prison, asked him to bring a message to Gao Gang and asked him to tell his brothers that if he died alone, he would definitely not affect other comrades.
But fortunately, one of Yang Hucheng's cadres, Du Bincheng, is Liu Zhidan's teacher, and another cadre, Nan Hanhuan, is a member of our party. So the two worked together, and Yang Hucheng personally asked Su Yusheng to release Liu Zhidan. This shows how important it is to respect teachers.
After the failure of the fourth venture, Liu Zhidan went to a warlord Chen Qizhang in the northwest with no background and became a brigade commander. However, Su Yusheng bribed a brigade commander under Chen Qizhang to attack Liu Zhidan.
After the fifth defeat, Liu Zhidan decided to follow what he thought was the right path, and he came to Nanliang, a famous bandit den on the Shaanxi-Gansu border, where he wanted to create our party's own base area.
Painting of the South Liang base.
As mentioned above, Liu Zhidan had second-hand preparations in 1930. At that time, together with Zhao Lianbi (martyr), he attacked the militia in the Nanliang area and seized more than 60 spears. Subsequently, Liu Zhidan arranged for Zhao Lianbi to carry out "persuasion and education" of the bandits in Nanliang with a gun and a group of backbones who followed him to engage in military movement.
Zhao Lianbi's ability is very strong, and the local bandits have all changed their ways. After Liu Zhidan arrived in Nanliang in September 1931, Zhao Lianbi gave the command to both hands, and as a result, our party's famous Nanliang guerrilla force was established, with more than 400 people.
Subsequently, Liu Zhidan took Ma Xiwu (he was deeply influenced by Liu Zhidan and served as the vice president of the Supreme People's Court after the founding of the People's Republic of China, known as Ma Qingtian) to cross the mountains and mountains to do mass work. To what extent has he done his mass work?
Marcy V. Later, during the Eastern Expedition, ** saw with his own eyes that as long as the villagers heard that Liu Zhidan was coming, they would gather around in groups, and "Lao Liu, Lao Liu" shouted very kindly. A blind old lady squeezed out of the crowd and touched Liu Zhidan from head to toe.
When Liu Zhidan sacrificed, the villagers wept bitterly, and they all sighed, "After Comrade Liu Zhidan's sacrifice, the masses in northern Shaanxi were very sad, which shows that he is a real mass leader!."”
The Nanliang base created by Liu Zhidan was praised as "a hub of the revolution", and it was here that the Red Army settled after the Long March, and the Eighth Route Army went to the front line of resistance against Japan, which also started from here. Moreover, this is still the base area where our party's "only fruitful achievements" were left before the end of the Long March.
By 1935, the base area had grown to more than 20 counties, and the Shaanxi-Gansu base area had begun to take shape. At the same time, he created the Red 26th Army on the basis of the Southern Liang guerrillas, which was the main force of the famous Red Army in northern Shaanxi.
Later, Wang Ming and the traitor Du Heng both caused Liu Zhidan to suffer two great setbacks, but Liu Zhidan devoted himself to the party, selfless, endured humiliation and burdens for our party and our army to retain the precious base of Shaanxi and Gansu, until the Red Army led the Red Army to arrive victoriously.
The Red 25th Army, which arrived in advance of the Shaanxi-Gansu base area, was led by Comrade Xu Haidong, who was awarded the rank of general in 1955 although Comrade Xu Haidong missed most of the War of Resistance against Japan and the full field of the War of Liberation due to illness. Liu Zhidan, who founded the Shaanxi-Gansu base area, was promoted as marshal, and no comrades should oppose it.
However, history has no ifs, and in March 1936, the legend of Comrade Liu Zhidan came to an abrupt end. During his expedition to the East, he was unfortunately shot and died.
At that time, Liu Zhidan led the anti-Japanese advance team in Shanxi, and there was a fierce battle with Yan Xishan's subordinate Shi Zebo, and just as he was about to achieve victory, he was shot in the left chest. It can be said that Shi Zebo was the one who killed Comrade Liu Zhidan.
But this ** also has another side, he was one of the few generals in Yan Xishan's Jin Sui Army who could play an excellent record in the War of Resistance Against Japan.
In August 1945, after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Yan Xishan ordered him to attack the Eighth Route Army, but he was defeated and captured by our army in the Battle of Shangdang.
Because of Shi Zebo's heroic performance in the War of Resistance Against Japan, and the battle with Comrade Liu Zhidan was also Yan Xishan's order, when Comrade *** saw him, he did not embarrass him too much, but issued travel expenses and asked him to return to Taiyuan. Shi Zebo can also be regarded as a lost figure, and later made great contributions to the liberation of Shanxi by our army.
Shi Zebo in his later years.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he hid in the rivers and lakes, concentrated on the study of medical skills in his hometown, hung pots to help the world, and in his later years, he also developed aluminum-based lubricants that can withstand high temperatures of 170 degrees.
The people once wanted to commend him for his contribution to the founding of New China, but he did not accept it, he thought that he was ashamed of the people.
In 1986, Shi Zebo died at the age of 87.
Regarding his merits and demerits, perhaps there is a sentence that is more appropriate. Before Du Yuming died, he asked Guo Rugui if he was a Communist Party. Guo Rugui replied: "We just have different positions. ”