The Emperor s Title Why did the Song Dynasty only refer to the emperor as an official instead of H

Ancient emperors, in order to distinguish their identity from others, would arrange special titles for themselves.

Before Qin Shi Huang,Kings generally call themselves widows, solitary people, etc., after Qin Shi Huang changed to me, this title has been used until the fall of the feudal dynasty in our country, the self-proclaimed name of the last emperor Puyi.

People think that the title of emperor is passed down in this way, but there is one dynasty that jumps out of the tradition and makes its own exception. That was the Song Dynasty.

Maybe most people know that the emperors of the Song Dynasty are called differently, or they see it from the TV series "Qingping Le".The Song Dynasty did not address the emperor as His Majesty or Emperor, but as an "official".

So, how did such a distinctive, independent and special emperor title come from compared with previous dynasties?

The title of the ancient emperor was used in ancient times"Emperor", "Queen"., such as the second emperor of Yao Shun, Dayu, and the monarch of the Shang Dynasty, called the emperor;The monarch of the Xia Dynasty was called Hou, such as Houyi. Later, the monarch was changed to a king, and after being placed alongside the king, it became the title of the wife of the Son of Heaven.

The Son of Heaven also has an interesting title, which is now used on national leaders, calledFührer。Perhaps most people do not think that the Führer turned out to be not a modern title, but from the ancient title of emperor.

The term Führer comes from the Book of Shang: ".The Führer is clear, and his brain is good

There are also commonly used onesThe Ninety-Five, the Supreme, all refer to the Son of HeavenIn addition to the Son of Heaven who can use the king and the widow, the vassal king is also calling himself by this title, so after Qin Shi Huang unified the world, in order to distinguish himself from the kings of various countries during the Warring States Period, he gave himself the title of "I".

During the Tang Dynasty, the emperor began to be referred to as "everyone".Finish. Who calls the emperor that?Eunuchs。What do eunuchs call themselves?I have seen it in film and television dramas, and the eunuchs with high status call themselves "our family".

However, our family is not the exclusive title of eunuchs, Dong Zhuo also calls himself so, Lu Zhishen calls himself the Sprinkle family, the ancient women will devout themselves as slaves, and the royal queen mother will call herself a mourning family.

Visible,The word home is an honorific title.

In the Tang Dynasty, it was not the unanimous use of the courtiers to address the emperor as "everyone", only the eunuchs were called so, and the courtiers still called the emperor. BecauseThe eunuch called the emperor everyone, which was to express the relationship between himself and the emperor as a slave and a master, and to highlight his status as a slave, their eunuchs are specialized in serving the royal family, and they are not at the same level as the courtiers.

The emperor of the Song Dynasty called the official family, which began when Zhao Kuangyin was bornAlthough he didn't understand why eitherIt was not until the time of Song Zhenzong that Li Zhongrong explained why he called the emperor by an official family.

"Jiang Zi's Theory of Ten Thousand Machines".", ".The three emperors are in the world, and the five emperors are in the world

Obviously, this has the meaning of exalting the emperor. Because the emperor who can combine the virtuous virtues of the three emperors and the five emperors is definitely the first emperor of the ages, but there are too few emperors who can be called the first emperor of the ages. But the sycophants have been filmed, and the emperor must be overjoyed, and they all think that he is indeed so virtuous.

In fact, the term "official" is not unique to the Song DynastyThis title was originally the name of the common people for the government and the imperial court. AndThe first record of the emperor being referred to as an official was in the Tang Dynasty's book Book of JinVillage.

"The Chronicles of Shi Jilong" has clouds: ".It's hard for the official family to say, I want to do something rash, I don't care?

In the fifth dynasty, there were also emperors who used official names to call themselvesZhao Kuangyin seized power from the Later Zhou Emperor and established the Song Dynasty, so he continued to use this title

According to the statement "the three emperors are in the world, and the five emperors are in the world", it can be seenThe official world is the practice of the three emperors of Yao Shunyu to pass on the system of capable people with Zen;The family world is the hereditary inheritance of blood

The official family is the good wish to combine the two, representing the idealized vision of governing the country of the Song Dynasty emperor. In order to express their efforts to realize this wish, the Song Dynasty greatly improved the status of scholars and doctors, allowing them to rule the world together.

ResultsThe bureaucracy suppressed the emperor's power and limited it。The official world seems to have done it, and the emperor is unhappy again. Song Shenzong wanted to change this situation and asked Wang Anshi to initiate a change, but failed. Under the pressure of the old school led by scholars, Song Shenzong had to give in and depose Wang Anshi.

What kind of power was Song Shenzong pressed into?Even if he wants to kill a Cao official, he has to consider the voices of the ministers.

This means of combining officials and families is conflicting, and if the emperor wants to maximize the power of imperial power, he can only have the final say. Therefore, the later emperors had the experience of the Song Dynasty and worked the centralization of power.

The later Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties brought the concept of the world into full play. In the Yuan Dynasty, the one who can rule Mongolia must be the heir of Genghis Khan's ** family, the prince of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the family is even more obvious.