"The Spirit of Chinese Sports" is a talk show that shows the charm of traditional Chinese sports and promotes the excellent traditional Chinese culture.
Chess sports belong to the traditional Chinese sports in the competitive amusement project, embodies the value and spirit of the excellent traditional Chinese culture, can be said to be a competitive sports and the national spirit is closely linked to an intellectual sport, and from the development of modern Chinese chess sports, the strong patriotism, indomitable, self-improvement of the Chinese national spirit are in several generations of chess celebrities, We hope that our program can open up a dusty history for you, tell the unremitting struggle of traditional Chinese sports and many moving legends.
The reporter recently visited Xu Jialiang, a 92-year-old senior editor of the People's Sports Publishing House and a veteran of Chinese chess and chess, but Xu Lao first introduced to reporters the "100-year-old chess king Xie Xiaxun" who introduced him into the field of chess at the beginning of liberation, "I was in 1950- In 1951 in Shanghai, and Shanghai champion Zhou Weiyuan met in the folk team competition, we both played the first stage, as a result of my tie with him, the first set lost to him, the second set won back, which attracted the attention of our Tao team leader and Shanghai veteran Tu Jingming, that was I was only 19 years old, there was a young man in the team, so they took me to see Xie Xiaxun, at that time Xie Lao lived in a three-story attic on Madang Road, I remember very clearly that the stairs of his house were particularly steep, in order to examine my chess level, he played against me, the general Shanghai masters, like He Shun'an, Xie Lao wanted to let one play first, Xie Lao let two play with me first, and I won the result！At that time, Xie Lao already had the appearance, after playing chess, Xie Lao said that chess is now popular in the world, and we in China will strive to participate in international competitions in the future. He said that you are young, and you have a Chinese chess **, you can learn faster, Xie Lao after half an hour to talk about the moves and rules of chess, he let me a horse, but the result is not moving, I won again!”
Later, Xu Jialiang and Xie Xiaxun became a year-old friend, Xu Jialiang said, Xie Xiaxun brought his juniors, and had a great impact on himself, "In this way, I formed a fate with Xie Lao, he took a fancy to me, let me go to him often, mainly to play chess, and then I graduated from college, first went to Anhui for half a year, and then went to Beijing to work, and then I went back to Shanghai on a business trip, as long as I had the opportunity to visit Xie Xiaxun, and learn from him again, I didn't mention anything at the time, but now he means and his family's opinion, I am his big ** Especially after I won the national chess championship in 1958, he wrote a poem to encourage me, thinking that I was still more competitive and did not disgrace his old man. Later, I continued to play a role in the chess world, and Xie Lao also had a lot of encouragement. After that, he also came to Beijing several times, and I also visited Xie Xiaxun at the home of his granddaughter and grandson-in-law at Beijing Sports University. I have had many contacts with Xie Lao, and after the 1956 national competition, I had to compile a game selection, and I also helped Xie Lao evaluate chess and write manuscripts together. Xie Lao has a great influence and help in all aspects, whether it is playing chess, writing scripts, or commenting on chess. ”
According to Xu Jialiang, as early as the Anti-Japanese War, Xie Xiaxun practiced and contributed to the Anti-Japanese War, known as the "patriotic chess king", "He has made special contributions to China's chess scene, Xie Xiaxun is not an ordinary chess player, he is" patriotic chess king ", during the Anti-Japanese War, he went to Nanyang, that is, the Southeast Asian generation, to perform chess, and he donated all the proceeds from the performance as anti-Japanese funds, and later he lived in Chongqing, and with *** have made friends, because he supports the Communist Party, but also attracted the attention of the Kuomintang spies, he has been beaten, mainly due to more contact with ***, Xie Lao is such a 'patriotic chess king', I feel respect for him in my heart, his influence is not only in the chess world, Xie Lao is also very high in chess, not as some people comment, and finally I have done a lot of work in the chess world, I think Xie Lao has the greatest influence on me, since I was a child, I feel that I want to be like Xie Lao, to contribute to the country. ”
Encouraged by Xie Xiaxun, Xu Jialiang, who participated in the national chess competition for the second time in 1958, won the championship. In 1956, when the national chess competition, I mainly served as a chess referee, there were also chess exhibition matches, I also served as a chess referee, at that time my chess level was not as good as chess, and then from 1956 as a chess referee, I worked chess, because I know Russian, through Russian I understand chess moves and strategies and tactics, two years of hard work to win the national championship, the first time in 1957 was unsuccessful, the second time in 1958, I first qualified for the division of the Tianjin Division, and then participated in the final national chess competition in Guangzhou, and finally won the championship, Xu Hongshun of Shanghai at that time, Wang Qijun in Beijing, Xian Quan in Guangdong, Wu Weiwen in Zhejiang, Zhang Fujiang in Liaoning and Jiang Boxian in Tianjin all played well. I was a dark horse and suddenly won a national victory. ”
In 1965, Xu Jialiang, who had become the head coach of the national chess training team, defeated the chess master Vasilychuk of the former Soviet Union in a friendly match with the former Soviet Union chess team, "At that time, there was no national team, there was a national training team, and in 1963, when I played against the former Soviet Union, I was a coach and athlete, and in 1965, I was my head coach and athlete. I won a game against the Soviet Union against the Soviet Union, the national grandmaster Vasilychuk, who won the top three places in the Soviet Junior Tournament, was the president of the Moscow Chess Association, and after the collapse of the Soviet Union, he became the vice president of the Russian Chess Association. In 1965, a group of six people from the former Soviet Union played six games with us, the first five we lost more miserably, the sixth game was in Shanghai, I went up to win, and our team was undefeated with 3 wins and 3 draws, and there were Liu Wenzhe, Xu Tianli, Zhang Donglu and Wang Qijun and other players, the international training team has about 15 people, six people at a time, the arrangement of the formation is arranged by me, at that time we and the former Soviet Union players level gap is relatively large, people let a horse is about the same, my game of chess is more lucky, I go back, because I have a good Chinese chess foundation, he can't attack, I counterattack he can't bear it!Lost a car, said that it was a game after the closure of chess, but after no longer continue the game, he admitted defeat, I won a game, it was not easy to win foreign players at that time, and it is more critical to win people, in 1992 the collapse of the Soviet Union, as the leader Vasily Chuk led the team to China to play, he specifically said to find Xu Jialiang to play chess, 27 years later we met again, I remember that we played seven games of chess, the result I did not disgrace the mission, equally, I did not lose, and finally the two of us made friends!”
On April 30, 2023, in the 2023 World Chess Championship Match, Ding Liren defeated the Russian player Nepomniachchi in an extra round of rapid chess, becoming the seventeenth world champion in the history of chess and the first Chinese chess player to win the World Chess Championship. Ding Liren won the men's individual world championship in chess for the first time, which was not easy, and the strategic goal of the four-step national elephant proposed by Chen Zude was initially achieved."
In 1988, Chen Zude, then the leader of the leading group of the Chinese chess training team, put forward the specific idea of "four steps" for Chinese chess to climb the world peak: first win the women's individual world championship, then win the women's team world championship, then the men's team entered the forefront of the world championship, and finally won the men's individual world good ranking.
This "four-step" plan was further clarified in 1996, with the third and fourth steps becoming clearer: to strive for the men's team world championship and eventually win the men's individual world championship. Ding Liren's victory this time has achieved a new historic breakthrough for Chinese chess. After Xie Jun won the women's individual world championship for the first time in 1991, the Chinese women's team won the women's team championship for the first time in 1998, and the Chinese men's team won the men's team championship for the first time in 2014, Ding Liren won the title of world chess champion for the first time, which means that the strategic goal of China's "four moves" in chess has been fully realized. According to Xu Jialiang's recollection, the Chinese chess team's participation in international competitions began at the end of the 70s of the last century, "In 1979, the Chinese chess team went to Hong Kong to participate in the Asian City Chess Team Championship, I was the coach, and in July 1989, the Chinese team won the championship in the 8th Asian Chess Team Championship held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Since 1991, Xie Jun won the women's chess world championship, for our country to win glory, since then the chess fever, and then Chinese chess to women's lead, won many individual and team Olympiad championships, men's team is also gradually improving, in 2018 the Chinese chess team men's and women's teams both won the cup, won the chess Olympiad team championship, this is the glorious moment of the Chinese chess world, this time Ding Liren is very competitive, won the national chess men's individual world championship, to achieve the long-cherished wish of several generations, is a milestone feat, the Chinese chess team has a goal to work hard to achieve, without dreams, without goals, you will never be able to reach the top. ”
In the 60s of the last century, due to the backwardness of the overall strength, the gap between the Chinese Go and the Chinese chess team in the foreign war and the opponent was obvious, and the situation was not significantly changed until the mid-to-late 70s, in 1985, in the first Sino-Japanese Go Tournament, the Chinese Go achieved a historic breakthrough, and Nie Weiping was in the last three games of Kobayashi Hikaru.
First, Masao Kato and Hideyuki Fujisawa three Japanese super-first-class chess players, won the victory for China in the ring, and then two Sino-Japanese Go tournaments, Nie Weiping successfully defended the ring, and the Chinese team achieved three consecutive victories in the ring, and Nie Weiping achieved the feat of 11 consecutive victories in the ring, more than 30 years later, talking about this past, Nie Weiping proudly said that he made positive contributions to reform and opening up with practical actions," 11 consecutive wins is of course a miracle, but also a miracle that cannot be replicated, at that time China was also in a critical period of reform and opening up, I also got the care and help of people from all walks of life, so that my confidence has also been greatly improved, I myself feel that the victory in the ring is also the momentum of China's reform and opening up, An inevitable result of the situation of the big pattern, once the Sino-Japanese Go Tournament has not only been a sports competition, has risen to a higher level, so the support is very large, so it can create the miracle of the year, of course, I am not only a beneficiary of the reform and opening up, but also an important participant, for the reform and opening up to make their own efforts and contributions, so that the people at that time enhanced their self-confidence, and made a positive contribution to the revitalization of China. ”
It was precisely because of Nie Weiping's outstanding performance in the Sino-Japanese Go Tournament that China at that time set off a boom in learning Go, and Nie Weiping was warmly welcomed everywhere he went." At that time, when I arrived at Peking University, the scene was very sensational and lively, at that time the work of reform and opening up was in full swing, and the revitalization of China was also a critical period, and my success in the Sino-Japanese Go Tournament greatly improved the confidence of the people who were in the midst of the reform and opening up boom at that time, because before that, Chinese Go and Japanese Go could not compete for victory or defeat, and at that time I could win them, which means that we Chinese can achieve goals that we could not achieve before through our own efforts, which also has a positive effect on reform and opening up。 ”
In 1978, Xu Jialiang, who was transferred to the People's Sports Publishing House as an editor, launched a number of popular books on the popularization and promotion of chess and chess, and the Go boom triggered by Nie Weiping also made the Go books of the Sports Publishing House catch up. At that time, I could earn at least a few million, at that time, chess books were more popular, each printing was 10,000 copies, a bit of chess books were reprinted many times, the most can be printed to 300,000 copies, I also published a lot of good books at that time, because I am familiar, I also know the characteristics of chess players, for example, Harbin's Li Delin's "Xiangqi Killing Moves" is a bestseller, Tianjin's Huang Shaolong is my main author, and Harbin's Jin Qichang;At that time, the publishing house had three pillar industries, one was martial arts, one was textbooks, and the other was chess books. I remember that the earliest capital of our publishing house was more than 2 million, and after I went, it slowly developed to hundreds of millions of assets!Later, there was a Nie Weiping in the Go world, 'Nie Whirlwind', and the Go book also sold well, and it turned out that the Go book was not as good as the chess book, and after the ring match, the Go book has surpassed the chess book since then!”
Hua Xueming, the former vice chairman of the Chinese Go Association, just entered the national team in the early 80s, when her goal was to win glory for the country, "the national team is 60 years, 61 years or 62 years, there is no clear statement, at that time, in order to visit Japan to compete, the Chinese Go Association temporarily formed a training team, which was really restored in the 70s, I was very impressed when I went to the national team, I was the oldest player to enter the national team, and I was 21 years old at the time, because the Shanghai Go team had Yang Hui, Rui Naiwei, but the national team is divided into regions, so I entered the national team, and there was one chance in my life, and I told the people around me at the time that I was 'not a hit for ten years, but I was a blockbuster'. If they were all born in the 60s, there would be a resonance, that is, I want to improve the level, I want to enter the national team, I want to win glory for the country, so I entered the national team at that time, I was particularly impressed that people put a table in front of the dormitory bed, I put the table on the wall, I said to 'face the wall and think about danger in times of peace', that year was February 27, 1983, when I first came to Beijing in the first few years, I still commemorate such a day every year. ”
In the 7th Fujitsu Cup in 1994, Hua Xueming defeated the Japanese super-first-class chess player Otake Hero and broke into the quarterfinals of the World Series, which was also a good story in the chess world, "In fact, Chinese women's Go was also a microcosm of Chinese sports at that time. The national team also gave the women's national champion a place to participate in the Fujitsu Cup, which was a very precious opportunity, at that time the women's level was still not as good as the male players, so after I won the national championship in 1993, there was a 'Cuibao Cup' World Women's Go Championship, I lost to the first person in South Korea at that time, Yin Yingshan, my level at that time should be higher than her, so I will be in various newspapers, especially the "Beijing Evening News" at that time with the headlines written in bold letters,' The national championship capsized in the gutter', now it can also be said to be an indelible and precious memory in my life, I lost the game I wanted to never play Go again, but the next day my mother said, 'If you win the national championship, you will have the opportunity to participate in the Fujitsu Cup, you still play Fujitsu after the Fujitsu tournament, and then you will not play chess', I thought that this opportunity was rare and I went to Fujitsu, so in a sense, Fujitsu I won the Otake Hero, which is one of the reasons why my career can come to this day!After winning that game, in the second half of 1994, my chess sense and self-confidence were all restored!”
After experiencing a shortage of world champions from 1995 to 2005, Chinese Go also ushered in a new situation, Hua Xueming said that behind the re-emergence of Go is the strong support of the country, "In fact, before 1978, in addition to the three major competitions (team competition, Individual competition and promotion competition), is no competition outside the industry, so we cherish every opportunity, but Go really makes people understand, one is the ring competition, is familiar, and the landmark event is that in 1988 the establishment of the world's two Go competitions, one is the Fujitsu Cup, the other is the Yingshi Cup, at that time although the Chinese Go has a lot of popularity, but in terms of level, it is still a process of catching up with Japan, to 1995 Ma Xiaochun won two world championships, one is the Fujitsu Cup, the other is Dongyang**Cup, but for me, it can only be very difficult for Chinese Go to win a world championship, and in 2000, Yu Bin won another world championship, but if you look at it from the 78 years of reform and opening up, in 2013 we won all the Go world championships that year, it can be said that the 40 years of reform and opening up are witnessing the rise of Chinese Go, which is what Mr. Chen said at that time, 'national fortune, chess fortune', reform and opening up to our entire sports world brought a kind of take-off!I often tell the players that it is not because I was the leader of the national Go team in 05, but in 2013, the national team made a breakthrough, it is a process of accumulation, and Go itself is not a thing that can be successful in a day or two. For the Chinese Go community, Go is an excellent traditional Chinese culture, and every chess player is a humble gentleman, very energetic, I think these are the precious wealth left to us by the predecessors, teaching us how to treat this project, how to shoulder this responsibility, including the three principles of 'fairness, justice, and openness' are also in the same line, which is a tradition for any project. ”
Nie Weiping has not only cultivated world champions like Chang Hao and Gu Li, and a new generation of Chinese Go leaders, but also opened his own Go dojo in 1999, like Ke Jie and Gu Zihao, the new generation of world champions born in the 90s, are from Nie Dojo, Nie Weiping said that winning the world championship is also a kind of inheritance of the Go dream between master and apprentice," After 1999, my age in the Go competition has been on the older side, although I still love Chinese Go, but I am older, it is not easy to participate in the competition to achieve better results, then I will train my students and juniors, so that they can get more good results and world champions, in fact, they have also done, many of my students have won the world championship, but also completed my expectations for them, we China has such a fine tradition since ancient times, the predecessors carry the younger generations, the younger generations complete the unfulfilled wishes of the predecessors, ”
Whether it is Xu Jialiang, Nie Weiping or Hua Xueming, they have not forgotten their original intentions for decades, persistent pursuit, and dare to be the first in the world, highlighting the strong and unyielding national spirit in them, and they have made unremitting efforts to revitalize China.