According to the 2022 population data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, China's total fertility rate has increased from 152 fell to 1 in 202207, has fallen below 21 substitution level, which means that there will be negative population growth. Among the individual births, the one-child fertility rate ranges from 07 fell to 05. The average age of childbearing for one child also ranges from 264 years old to 274 years old. These data suggest that more and more couples are choosing not to have children or delaying having their first child. This has led people to think deeply about "if you don't have one child, how can you have two or three children".
a.Fertility intentions and costs
According to the health andFamily planningAccording to the Commission's survey, the average ideal number of children for married people aged 20 to 44 in China is 193, but the actual number of children is much lower than that intention, only 1. in 201505 pcs. This shows that many couples want to have more children, but fail to do so for various reasons. One of the most important reasons is:EconomyBurden.
b.Financial burden
According to ChinaSocialAccording to the "Chinese Population and Development Report 2022" released by the Academy of Sciences, the cost of raising a child to the age of 18 is about 230,000 yuan for urban residentsRural$160,000 for residents. This is a lot of money for many ordinary families, especially when housing prices are high and income growth is slowSocialIn the case of incomplete protection.
c.Other stresses and difficulties
ExceptEconomyburden, child care, women's career development, housingEducationetcStressIt is also a factor influencing the decline in fertility. Women take on more household chores and childcare responsibilities in the family, which challenges their career development. At the same time, housing prices are soaring andEducationTight resources also add to the burden on families.
In order to cope with the problems of population aging and low fertility, China has taken a series of measures
1.Liberalize the two-child policy: In 2016, China implemented a comprehensive two-child policy, allowing all couples to have two children. This measure aims to increase the number of new births and alleviate the problem of ageing.
2.Implement the three-child policy and supporting measures: In 2021, China decided to fully liberalize the three-child policy, allowing couples to have three children. At the same time, ** also provides a series of support policies, including expanding the priority employment of women of childbearing age and adjustingSocialchild support, etc., to promote the increase of fertility.
3.Establish and improve the population service system: ** Strengthen the management and guarantee of population services, improve relevant infrastructure, and improve the level of fertility services and infant care.
4.Improve the level of eugenics and childcare services: ** Intensify the publicity and promotion of eugenics and childcare services, and promote the formation of correct conceptions and healthy fertility methods in families.
However, it is not enough to rely on the best policies and measures, in order to truly improve the fertility level, we also need to fundamentally solve the problems that affect the people's fertility willingness and ability, especially to reduce the cost of childbirth, improve the ability of family development, and create good fertilityenvironment
Population is the foundation of a country, and population development is an important factor in national development. In the face of the challenges of population aging and low fertility, China has adopted a series of policies and measures to increase fertility and achieve long-term balanced population development. However, it is not enough to rely on the efforts of the first country, and each of us must actively participate in the solution of the population problem.
First of all, we must strengthen the propaganda and publicity of the concept of childbearingEducationEstablish a correct concept of childbearing, attach importance to the importance of the family, and stimulate the willingness of couples to have children.
Secondly, we need to pay attentionSocialsecurity and welfare policies, especially for childrenEducation, health care, etc., to provide better protection and support for families.
In addition, enterprises and institutions and other sectors should work together to provide more support and help for young couples, reduce the cost of childbirth, and promote family development.
Finally, it is the responsibility of each of us to actively participate in solving this problem and contribute to population development. Either fromlifeStart with bits and pieces, or participateSocialPublic welfareactivities, all of which can contribute to the solution of population problems.
Only fullSocialOnly by making joint efforts can we achieve the long-term balanced development of our population and contribute to the prosperity and development of the country. Let us work together to find better solutions to the population problem.