Garlic is one of the common vegetables, in order to improve the yield and quality of garlic, it is necessary to understand the fertilizer characteristics of garlic and adopt reasonable fertilization techniques.
First, the fertilizer needs characteristics of garlic.
Garlic has different nutrient requirements during different growth periods. Among them, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are the three main nutrients. In the growth process of garlic, the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is larger, especially the absorption of nitrogen and potassium is the largest. In addition, garlic also has a certain demand for trace elements such as iron, boron, molybdenum, etc., but relatively little.
2. High-yield fertilization technology.
1.Basal fertilizer application.
Basal fertilizer is the basic fertilizer for garlic growth, which can provide a long-term supply of nutrients. The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, and common organic fertilizers include chicken manure, pig manure, etc., and biological organic fertilizer can also be used. When fertilizing, a reasonable ratio should be made according to soil fertility and the fertilizer demand characteristics of garlic, generally 2000-3000 kg of organic fertilizer and 100-200 kg of biological organic fertilizer per mu. At the same time, in order to supplement trace elements, an appropriate amount of ferrous sulfate, boron sulfate and other fertilizers can be applied.
2.Seed fertilizer application.
Seed fertilizer is a fertilizer applied at the time of sowing, which can provide sufficient nutrients for garlic seedlings and promote the growth of seedlings. You can choose water-soluble fertilizers such as humic acid and amino acids, or you can use compound fertilizers. When applying, it should be reasonably proportioned according to soil fertility and garlic varieties, and generally apply 30-50 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. At the same time, in order to improve the stress resistance of garlic, biostimulant fertilizers such as alginic acid and humic acid can be appropriately added.
3.Top dressing application.
Top dressing is a fertilizer applied during the growth of garlic, which can provide timely nutrient supply for garlic and promote the growth and development of garlic. Nitrogen fertilizers such as urea and ammonium sulfate can be used for top dressing, and compound fertilizers such as diammonium phosphate and potassium chloride can also be used. When applying, it should be reasonably proportioned according to the growth of garlic and soil fertility, generally in the early and middle stages of garlic growth, and 10-15 kg of urea or 15-20 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu should be applied. Attention should be paid to controlling the amount of fertilizer applied when topdressing to avoid problems such as seedling burning and environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilization.
4.Foliar fertilization.
Foliar fertilization is an effective supplementary fertilization method, which can quickly replenish the nutrients required by garlic and improve the yield and quality of garlic. Foliar fertilization can choose fertilizers such as urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc., or you can use foliar fertilizers that contain a variety of nutrients. When spraying, windless weather should be chosen to avoid fertilizer falling on the leaves and causing burns. At the same time, it should be sprayed reasonably according to the growth of garlic and soil fertility, generally sprayed once every 7-10 days, and sprayed 2-3 times in a row.
In short, in order to improve the yield and quality of garlic, it is necessary to understand the fertilizer characteristics of garlic and adopt reasonable fertilization techniques. In fertilization, attention should be paid to the reasonable ratio and application rate control of basal fertilizer, seed fertilizer, top dressing and foliar fertilization, so as to avoid problems such as seedling burning and environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilization. At the same time, the fertilization plan should be adjusted in time according to the soil fertility and the growth of garlic to ensure the nutrients required for the growth of garlic**.