In 1955, after the list of titles awarded by the Chinese People's Liberation Army came out, Defense Minister Peng Lao sent it to the *** place for inspection.
**After carefully reading the list, he made suggestions on the awarding of titles to many comrades.
"This He Jinnian, I remember that he was the commander of the original Siye!Now he is the commander of the Northeast Military District, right?”Suddenly asked.
Mr. Peng smiled"The chairman has a good memory, he is now in the Northeast Military Region!”
"Corps-level commanders, according to the regulations, should be generals, this is the colonel, it must be changed!* Thinking of that incident, he couldn't help but sigh: "He Jinnian is meritorious, and he should be rated as a major general!."”
Hearing ***'s words, Mr. Peng hurriedly wrote down this opinion. Soon after, the results of the award came out, and He Jinnian was indeed awarded the rank of major general.
So, who is He Jinnian?Why was he, a corps-level commander, only rated as a major general?
In 1910, He Jinnian was born in Hejiawan, Anding County, Shaanxi, his father was a Xiucai in the late Qing Dynasty, and he later served as the governor of the region, so he was born in a squire family.
Under the guidance of his parents, He Jinnian grew up with excellent academic Xi results, first studying in junior and senior primary schools in his hometown, and then being admitted to the normal school in Suide County.
In August 1927, just after coming to Suide County for the first year of school, He Jinnian encountered an incident, which made him embark on the road of throwing pen from Rong.
Chiang Kai-shek Launched by Chiang Kai-shek in 1927"Four-one-two".After the counter-revolutionary coup, reactionaries all over the country followed suit and gradually set off a wave throughout the country"Purging the Party".activity, many Communists fell into the hands of the enemy and were subsequently killed.
Against this background, in August of that year, the Yulin warlord Jing Yuexiu also launched counter-revolutionary activities in Yulin. After that, Jing Yuexiu sent troops to Yulin counties to search for all kinds of progressive books and arrest progressives, including a brigade commander who came to the No. 4 Normal School of Suide County, where He Jinnian was located.
"Now that the Kuomintang and the Communist Party have separated, they are engaged in communist killing!Your Fourth Normal School is the nest of the Communist Party, and if the Communist Party hastened to stand up, as long as it announces its withdrawal, it will not be engaged in the future, and you can not blame the past. Otherwise, catch one and kill the other!”
The brigade commander sent by the warlord Jing Yuexiu stood on the platform and viciously lectured the teachers and students of the Fourth Normal School, and his murderous appearance made many people afraid to move.
Jing Yue Xiu"Burn all this mess now!”
The brigade commander then ordered the fire of a pile of progressive books piled up not far away, such as"Communist ABC"., Lu Xun's"Scream" and "Hesitation".and other books.
"I believe that the Communist Party is good!”Seeing the vicious appearance of the warlord brigade commander, He Jinnian said to his classmates.
He Jinnian's confidence in the Communist Party stems from"Xie Qingtian"., this"Xie Qingtian".His name is Xie Zichang, and he is the head of the League of Anding County. Xie Zichang is not like an ordinary regiment general who uses the power in his hands to bully the township, and is unscrupulous, but often helps poor people, fights for righteousness, and is famous in Anding County.
Later, after He Jinnian knew that Xie Zichang was a communist, he had great confidence in the communist party from then on, and he believed that the communist party was both"Xie Qingtian".Someone like that.
Xie Zichang: Many teachers and students were already full of disgust with these reactionary warlords after they saw their book-burning and murderous acts, so the more these warlord reactionaries clamored, the more eager the teachers and students became to revolution.
Therefore, after this incident, He Jinnian was even more hungry to find progressive books and desperately absorb the above knowledge.
In May 1928, with the help of Communist Party member Xie Zichang and others, He Jinnian joined the Communist Party and began his life's work.
Subsequently, He Jinnian was specially assigned to the Northwest Army Wang Ziyuan in northern Shaanxi"Military movement".Job.
"Military movement".That is, the soldier movement, that is, He Jinnian needs to lurk in the enemy's ranks to rebel against the enemy, which is an extremely dangerous task, and once discovered, it will be nine deaths.
He Jinnian But after receiving the task assigned to him by the party, He Jinnian accepted it without blinking an eye, and after that, he hurried on the road without even telling his family, and since then he has been writing from Rong.
Among the enemy's troops, He Jinnian actively propagated the party's ideas in the army, united progressive officers and soldiers, and soon developed a group of progressive elements, leaving countless fires for the development of the revolution.
After that, under the leadership of Xie Zichang, He Jinnian successively went to Jingyuan, Lanzhou and other places to instigate the enemy's uprising, and successively formed an uprising team twice, and successfully made many enemy troops launch an uprising, laying the foundation for the formation and development of the Red Army in northern Shaanxi.
However, although the guerrillas formed by Xie Zichang and He Jinnian after the successful uprising repelled several enemy attacks, they soon fell into a disadvantage due to their outnumbering and lack of supplies. In July 1932, when the enemy surrounded the guerrillas with more than ten times the number of troops, Xie Zichang and other leaders immediately decided to break up the troops and break through the encirclement in order to preserve the revolutionary fire.
*From the Internet Although in the end the guerrillas suffered heavy losses and many comrades died on the battlefield, after the rest of the fighters broke through, they brought the spirit of the revolution to a wider place, and finally planted the red flag of the revolution to a higher point.
After that, under the leadership of Xie Zichang, Liu Zhidan and others, He Jinnian moved to various places in northern Shaanxi, was wounded many times, and finally took northern Shaanxi"Soviet district".It was created and dealt a heavy blow to the Kuomintang forces in the northwest region.
In 1935, after the Red Army's Long March to northern Shaanxi, He Jinnian was successively appointed as the head of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Border Security Command and the commander of the trilateral division, and was received many times.
After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, because He Jinnian grew up in northern Shaanxi and was familiar with the local geography, he was appointed as the head of the First Garrison Regiment of the Eighth Route Army, responsible for protecting the security of the base area.
*From the Internet The Northwest Loess Plateau is full of mountain trails and loess valleys, which are extremely suitable for bandits to survive, so they have been a rampant place for bandits since ancient times.
After the main force of the Eighth Route Army left northern Shaanxi, the rear was empty, which gave the bandits an opportunity to take advantage of it, and it was very likely to face the threat of bandits, so in order to defend the first garrison regiment where He Jinnian was located, the problem of bandits must be solved.
In October 1937, the ** Military Commission issued instructions to the left-behind troops, requiring them to "defend the border areas, eliminate bandits, and stabilize the people's lives."
He Jinnian, a native of Shaanxi, is extremely familiar with the topography of northern Shaanxi, **There are bandits, and he is familiar with the bandits going to**, so he is in"Fight and chase fiercely, block and intercept the combined attack".Under the tactical thinking, the bandits in northern Shaanxi soon decreased at a rate visible to the naked eye.
*Originated from the Internet And his method of suppressing bandits is also very simple, that is, to carry forward"Hit and chase".The tactical idea is to first divide the troops into small detachments, and the troops themselves bring enough dry food to scatter in the mountains to look for bandit traces, and once they are found, they will join other squads to track them until they catch up with the bandits.
However, in the process of suppressing bandits, He Jinnian did not adopt a simple and rude approach to eliminate all of them, but treated the enemies by type.
Some of the most heinous crimes can be shot, but some of those who have been coerced into becoming bandits by the bandit leaders will be convicted according to the specific crimes they have committed, and those who are willing to voluntarily surrender and confess will be given leniency.
If they are indeed coerced into joining the bandits, and no crime has been committed, they can be released. This approach of his is in line with *** emphasis"Strive for, divide, transform, adapt, disintegrate".Unanimous.
*From the Internet Therefore, after He Jinnian's anti-bandit tactics and anti-bandit ideas spread, people soon gave him one"Famous bandit general".Many brother troops also continued to learn from him Xi methods of suppressing bandits, which greatly increased the speed of suppressing bandits in the base areas, and finally it took only a little more than a year to basically wipe out the bandits in northern Shaanxi, which won the highest praise.
In the spring of 1939, ** was attacked by bandits in Laoshan Mountain, and then the gang disappeared. At that time, the Japanese army often sent reconnaissance planes to reconnoiter northern Shaanxi, and sent troops to attack the base area, in order to defend the Yellow River defense line, the commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army sent the news of the attack, He Jinnian immediately set off to return.
When he led his troops back to the rear, no clues about the gang of bandits had been found. After He Jinnian asked about the specific circumstances of the attack that day, he immediately dispersed his troops to look for clues, and soon there were clues about those bandits.
*From the Internet After that, He Jinnian led his troops to chase the bandits on the Loess Plateau, and finally found the bandits' lair and exterminated them in one fell swoop.
In the later stage of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, with the economic blockade of the base areas by the Kuomintang, the northern Shaanxi border area became more and more materially difficult. In order to break the blockade of the reactionaries, ** launched a call to the military and civilians in the border areas to bring the army and the people together"Self-reliance, self-production"., in the border area to carry out land reclamation.
At this time, this one"Famous bandit general".The ability to suppress bandits is not available, but in terms of large-scale production, He Jinnian is also not lagging behind.
In the large-scale production movement, He Jinnian and the soldiers carried hoes to the wasteland to open up the wasteland, took the lead in labor, and organized the commanders and fighters of various units to participate in the labor together, so that they could evaluate the model workers in the troops.
*From the network In this competitive production environment, a large number of excellent ones soon emerged from various units"Production expert".and excellent groups. For example, Zhang Zhiguo, squad leader of the first squad of the Seventh Company of the Seventh Regiment of the Third Garrison Brigade, in the production of licorice, he dug up 1,580 catties of licorice in 33 days, an average of nearly 50 catties per day, and created a miracle in the large-scale production movement, so he was rated as a special labor hero in the border area.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, He Jinnian, who had been guarding the rear, thought that he could finally show his strength in the field troops, but the development of things did not go as he wished.
In August 1946, He Jinnian was transferred to the Northeast and served as the commander of the Northeast Hejiang Military Region. However, due to before him"Famous bandit general".The title is too loud, and bandits are rampant in the Hejiang area in the northeast, so the Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation strongly asks to let He Jinnian suppress bandits in the Hejiang area.
*From the Internet Considering the bandit situation in the Hejiang area, ** agreed to the request of the Anti-Japanese Federation, so He Jinnian had no choice but to continue to be his"Famous bandit general".
However, the banditry in the northeast is much more serious than that in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo border region, and the bandits are also more rampant.
On August 15, 1946, He Jinnian presided over the celebration of the first anniversary of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War at the Jiamusi mass rally, and also tried 7 traitors.
But when the 7 traitors were brought out, the bandits hiding in the crowd suddenly shot at the rostrum, He Jinnian was not hit, but the guards standing beside him were killed on the spot. Moreover, the bandits also spread leaflets in the crowd with the words that read"He Jinnian beware of eating 'peanuts'!”Naked physical threats against him.
*From the Internet Not only that, not long after, these rampant bandits actually captured Fengxiang County, and pulled more than 20 ** staff members in the county to the wasteland with wire threads and shot them, and even the PLA troops were ambushed by bandits.
What is even more excessive is that Yang Qinghai, deputy commander of the Fifth Detachment of the Hejiang Military Region, was not only unable to deal with such rampant banditry, but became a bandit himself. Faced with this situation, He Jinnian quickly thought of a countermeasure.
The bandits in the Hejiang area in the northeast were very cunning, especially during the period when the remnants of the Kuomintang were mixed in, and the enemy's sense of counter-reconnaissance was very strong.
He Jinnian, who came to the northeast, thought about it and immediately thought of the tactics that Nurhachi had used four hundred years ago"I will only go all the way"., that is, to concentrate the elite and fight a war of annihilation.
*From the Internet Therefore, at the mobilization meeting to suppress bandits, He Jinnian said loudly to the soldiers:"The rabbit turns the hillside, and the trail does not leave the nest. No matter how many bandits there are, how many mountain kings there are, let's fight all the way through until we wipe them all out!”
Then, He Jinnian led the bandit suppression troops to chase and destroy the bandits in the white mountains and black waters in the northeast with big cakes, pickles, and Wula grass, during which he successively killed a horse and fell to death, but even so, he bit the bandits' tails and did not let go, and all the bandits in Hejiang were eliminated before he stopped.
After the Hejiang bandits were pacified, He Jinnian was finally able to get his wish and come to the frontal battlefield to show his strength. In September 1948, He Jinnian led his troops to participate in the Liaoshen Campaign, and in the task of capturing Changli and blocking the Kuomintang reinforcements in the west of Jinzhou, he led the troops to charge forward, defeated the enemy troops in one fell swoop, and successfully completed the task of organization and arrangement, and won the praise of his superiors.
*Originated from the InternetIn November of that year, the 11th Column of the Northeast Field Army was reorganized into the 48th Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and He Jinnian, the former commander of the 11th Column, served as the commander. After that, the 48th Army, together with its brother troops, participated in the Pingjin Campaign, uprooting the Kuomintang strongholds near Beiping in one fell swoop.
In March 1949, the Fourth Field Army established the 15th Corps, and He Jinnian served as the deputy commander of the Corps.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, He Jinnian successively served as deputy commander of the Jiangxi Military Region and deputy commander of the Northeast Military Region. What he didn't expect was that the transfer from Jiangxi to the Northeast would affect his subsequent award.
In 1950, Gao Gang, commander of the Northeast Military Region, proposed that He Jinnian be transferred to the Northeast Military Region as deputy commander, and soon the organization approved that He Jinnian was transferred to the Northeast.
*From the Internet But it didn't take long for Gao Gang to carry out anti-party ** activities, although Gao Gang was later criticized, but He Jinnian, who was recommended by Gao Gang, was affected by this. Therefore, on the list of proposed titles in 1955, He Jinnian, who should have been rated as a general, was only listed as a colonel.
** and others know the quality of He Jinnian, and they all feel sorry for him, but the matter has come to this point, and they have to present it to ***.
"He Jinnian, I remember, the commander of the four fields!”Seeing He Jinnian's name, he immediately remembered the bits and pieces of the relationship between the two when they were in Yan'an, but when he remembered the incident not long ago, his mood was a little heavy.
"The corps-level commander should be a general according to the regulations, and the colonel has wronged him!”sighed, ** said:"He Jinnian is meritorious, let's evaluate a major general!”
** The results came out, and He Jinnian was indeed rated as a major general.
From studying at a young age, to joining the party in the line of fire, and bravely infiltrating the enemy camp, He Jinnian undoubtedly showed a heroic nature in the early days of the revolution. In the subsequent revolutionary process, with such a heroic character, he successively broke the bandits, resisted foreign enemies, and fought in all directions, and gradually wrote a heroic epic.
Therefore, we must learn from Comrade He Jinnian's fearless spirit Xi continue to work hard and continue to advance in the revolutionary process of the new era