Liposomes have the advantages of targeting, long-acting, reducing drug toxicity and increasing drug stability. However, there are also certain deficiencies and problems, such as the easy oxidation and hydrolysis of lipid components, the easy aggregation of liposomes, and the rapid removal of liposomes by reticuloendothelial system cells after entering the blood circulation, and the difficulty of ensuring the integrity of targeted liposomes before they play a role in the body. In order to overcome the above shortcomings, spatially stereostable liposomes came into being. Sterically stereostable liposomes are a novel type of liposomes with natural or synthetic polymer-modified lipid derivatives on the surface. The types of modified polymers include polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyacrylamide (PPA), polyvinylpyrrolidone and so on (PVP), among which polyethylene glycol (PEG) is one of the more commonly used. The molecule and phospholipid molecules are covalently bonded to form derivatized phospholipids, which can effectively protect liposomes and greatly improve the physical, chemical and biological stability of liposomes.
Liposome is an ideal drug delivery technology, which has targeting, long blood retention time and high organ distribution selectivity, which can improve the efficacy of drugs and reduce toxicity, so it has become a research hotspot for pharmaceutical preparations. Common liposomes have the disadvantage of being easily cleared from the systemic circulation by liver and spleen macrophages.
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