Tunnelling is a complex project with multiple sub-sections to be constructed. The following are common sub-projects in tunnelling works:
1.Cave works.
The opening project is the starting point of the tunnel project, including the excavation of the opening, slope protection, drainage facilities, etc. Before the construction of the cave entrance project, it is necessary to carry out sufficient geological survey and risk assessment to ensure the safety of the construction.
2.Excavation of the hole.
Tunnel excavation is the core link of tunnel engineering, according to the different types of tunnels and geological conditions, different excavation methods can be used, such as drilling and blasting method, shield method, roadheader method, etc. In the process of tunnel excavation, effective ventilation and drainage measures need to be taken to ensure construction safety and quality.
3.Supporting works.
The support project is an important part of the tunnel project, including steel support, shotcrete, bolting and other measures. The role of the support project is to ensure the structural stability and safety during the tunnel construction process.
4.Lining works.
Lining works refer to the laying of reinforced concrete or masonry inside the tunnel body to increase the strength and durability of the tunnel. The construction quality of the lining project directly affects the overall performance and service life of the tunnel.
5.Waterproofing works.
Waterproofing works are an indispensable part of tunnel works, including ground waterproofing, side wall waterproofing, roof waterproofing and other measures. The role of waterproofing works is to ensure that there will be no leakage and erosion during the use of the tunnel.
6.Ventilation works.
Ventilation engineering in tunnel engineering refers to the exhaustion of dirty air in the tunnel through effective ventilation facilities and airflow organization, and at the same time the introduction of fresh air to ensure the air circulation in the tunnel and the health of the construction personnel.
7.Lighting engineering.
Lighting works refer to the installation of appropriate lighting facilities in the tunnel to ensure that the visual needs of drivers and pedestrians are met, and at the same time to improve traffic safety and comfort in the tunnel.
8.Monitoring and measurement engineering.
Monitoring and measurement engineering refers to the real-time monitoring and recording of various parameters in the tunnel construction process, such as displacement, settlement, temperature, humidity, etc., to ensure the safety and reliability of the construction process. At the same time, through the analysis and processing of construction data, the problems existing in construction can be found and solved in time, and the construction quality and efficiency can be improved.
9.Supporting facilities engineering.
In addition to the above-mentioned sub-projects, the tunnel works also include some ancillary facilities, such as fire fighting facilities, safety evacuation facilities, traffic sign markings, etc. Although these facilities are not the core part of the tunnel project, they play an important role in ensuring the overall performance and safety of the tunnel.
To sum up, the sub-projects of tunnel engineering include tunnel entrance engineering, tunnel body excavation, support engineering, lining engineering, waterproof engineering, ventilation engineering, lighting engineering, monitoring and measurement engineering and supporting facilities engineering. The construction quality of these sub-projects directly affects the overall performance and service life of the tunnel, so it needs to be constructed and managed in strict accordance with the design and specification requirements.
AI assistant creation season