In the Tang Dynasty, the economy was booming, culture and art developed, and ceramic production was also in a prosperous stage, and porcelain kilns named after the state began to emerge. At that time, the firing of celadon and white porcelain was more mature on the basis of the Sui Dynasty, and the mottled and splendid three-color pottery and sculpture also reached the peak level. In addition, a variety of underglaze painted porcelain, black porcelain, yellow porcelain, flower porcelain, etc., which are widely used and exquisitely made, greatly enriched the ceramic field of the Tang Dynasty.
In the past, the comments on the production of porcelain in the Tang Dynasty were said to be "green in the south and white in the north", with the south mainly producing celadon and the north mainly producing white porcelain. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the vast majority of the Tang Dynasty porcelain kiln sites found in the Jiangnan region are celadon kilns, such as Yuyao, Shangyu, Dongyang, Linhai, Jinhua, Wenzhou, Lishui in Zhejiang, Yixing in Jiangsu, Linchuan in Jiangxi, Fengcheng in Jiangxi, Changsha and Xiangyin in Hunan, Jiangle in Fujian, Sanshui, Gaoming, Xinhui, Chaozhou in Guangdong, Chengdu in Sichuan, Qionglai, Xinjin and other kilns, distributed in 20 counties and cities in 7 provinces. Only the Changsha kiln in Hunan Province also fired a small number of white glaze green varieties, and the color tone of white is completely different from that of northern products, which is gray-white. White porcelain kilns have not yet been found south of the Yangtze River. More than 10 white porcelain kilns have been found in the Tang Dynasty in the north, Lincheng and Quyang in Hebei, Gongxian, Hebi, Mixian, Dengfeng, Xingyang in Henan, Pingding, Hunyuan, Jiaocheng in Shanxi, Tongchuan in Shaanxi, Xiao County in Anhui, distributed in 12 counties and cities in 5 provinces, celadon is only found in a small amount in Tongchuan kiln in Shaanxi. Judging from the above situation, the theory of "green in the south and white in the north" is basically in line with the historical characteristics of the development of ceramic production in the Tang Dynasty.
Xingyao is a famous production area of white porcelain in the Tang Dynasty, according to the record of the Book of Tang, Xingyao white porcelain and Yuezhou celadon are tributed to the court as local famous products, and the white porcelain of Gongxian County in Henan Province was also listed as tribute in the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty. The fragments of tribute porcelain from these three kilns have been unearthed in the ruins of Tang Daming Palace in Xi'an, Shaanxi, which confirms the credibility of the records in the Book of Tang. The site of the Yue kiln was discovered in the thirties of the twentieth century, and after the fifties, many surveys and small-scale excavations were carried out on the Yue kiln, and a large number of relics were unearthed, which is helpful for the special study of the Yue kiln. After the discovery of the kiln site in Gongxian County, it also provided its porcelain history, product quality and porcelain, etc., the archaeological department of Xingyao site for nearly 30 years of exploration, and finally found the Qicun site in Lincheng, Hebei Province in 1980, which initially revealed the truth of porcelain production and began to solve the mystery of Xing lead. Due to the large changes in the ground of the kiln site, the porcelain relics have been artificially destroyed, there are fewer relics in the circle of the earth, and there are fewer typical white porcelain in Xingrong, which is deeply regrettable for a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the whole picture of Xingrong's Japanese-funded production. The author has visited the site of Xingyao three times, love will see and think of some problems into a document, based on the kiln site unearthed Xingyao porcelain pieces, combined with the Tang Dynasty white porcelain unearthed in various places and related Xingyao documents, Xingyao to make a comprehensive **. It is hoped that it can play a modest role in understanding the past of Xingyao, resuming Xingyao production, and making a generation of famous kilns shine again.
1. Review of Xingyao white porcelain research
The study of Xingyao white porcelain began in the early fifties of this century, and there were no articles dedicated to Xingyao white porcelain before this. Sweden's Gustaf Lindberg (Gustaflindberg) published two articles on Xingyao, one published in the spring 1950 issue of the quarterly magazine "Oriental Fine Arts", and the other published in the 1953 Stockholm annual report in Sweden. In 1953, Chen Wanli of the Palace Museum published an article entitled "Xingyue Second Kiln and Ding Kiln", which was published in the ninth issue of Cultural Relics Reference in the same year. The common denominator of the three articles is that the white porcelain of the Xingyao kiln is based on the documents of the Tang Dynasty. Limbourg believes that the white porcelain of the Xing kiln is snow-white, and it can make a ** rhyme when beaten, since this kind of porcelain was used at that time, both rich and poor, then there must have been many porcelain kilns that produced this kind of white porcelain in the Tang Dynasty;In order to achieve a white color like snow, apply a layer of makeup soil on the tire to increase the whiteness. Chen Wanli's article proposes that although there is a Ming Dynasty inscription in the Lincheng Ciyaogou Kiln Temple, it does not mention that the local porcelain has been fired in the Tang Dynasty, and the porcelain on the ground is not from the Tang Dynasty.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the cause of cultural relics and archaeology flourished throughout the country, and the field of ceramics also carried out the investigation and excavation of ancient porcelain kiln sites, thus changing the practice of archaeology based solely on documents. Cultural relics and archaeologists conduct comprehensive scientific research based on a large number of primary data unearthed from kiln sites and tombs, combined with literature. The investigation of the Xingyao site was also on the agenda.
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Palace Museum first sent people to investigate the key ancient kiln sites in Hebei Province. Following the investigation of the magnetic kiln ditch in Lincheng, Hebei, the site of the Ding kiln in Quyang, Hebei Province was investigated, and it was found that white porcelain had been burned here in the Tang Dynasty. After the sixties, Gongxian and other kilns were found in Henan, and white porcelain was burned in the Tang Dynasty. The discovery of new information has broadened people's horizons, and it is known that the white porcelain burned in the Tang Dynasty was not the first place in Xingyao. With this batch of new information, from the collection of the Forbidden City Tang Dynasty white porcelain products in Gongxian and Quyang kilns, after comparison, the characteristics of the two kilns of white porcelain, and gradually narrowed the proportion of the unknown number of Tang Dynasty white porcelain collections;It is also preliminarily divided that the tire glaze is as white as snow, and the white porcelain of Xingyao is not applied to the makeup soil. After the discovery of the Qicun kiln site, it was further proved that this kind of non-makeup soil was indeed the white porcelain of the Xing kiln.
In the past two years, the Second Light Industry Bureau of Lincheng County has focused on the survey of ancient kiln sites. In August 1980, Lin Yushan and Chen Eryin of the Second Light Bureau of Lincheng County, together with Comrade Yang Wenshan of Hebei Normal University, successively discovered 7 kiln sites, and discovered the white porcelain kiln site of the Tang Dynasty for the first time at the Gangtou site, thus establishing confidence in continuing to find typical Xingyao white porcelain sites. In October of the same year, the comrades of the Second Light Bureau of Lincheng County found the site of the production of typical Xingyao white porcelain in Qicun, and finally unveiled the mystery of Xingyao, and the day when Xingyao production was revealed to the world was not far off. Of course, the author was very happy about this, so he repeatedly visited the site of Xingyao.
Second, the general situation of Xingyao porcelain
Due to the influence described in Lu Yu's "Book of Tea", the concept of Xingyao porcelain is "as white as snow". As far as the porcelain pieces unearthed from the three Xingyao ruins of Gangtou, Qicun and Shuangjing, Lu Yu described only the main part of the Xingyao porcelain, and did not represent the whole picture of Xingyao products. The porcelain tiles of the three kinds of ruins, the glaze color is white, black and brown yellow, and the white porcelain is divided into thick and thin, the number is coarse, and the fine one accounts for only a few.
Fine white porcelain is found only in Qi Village, and there are bowls, holders, leather pots, subs and jars. There are many forms of bowls, the most is a shallow open bowl, the bowl body is oblique at an angle of 45 °, the outside of the mouth edge has a week, the bottom is flat and flat, the bottom center is concave, glazed, and the shape is like jade. The bottom bowl of the jade bi is a sagger and a bowl. In addition, there are two kinds of mouth bowls, divided into two kinds of depths, the circle foot is narrower than the jade-shaped bottom, there are also flat bottoms, there are eight out of the bowl mouth, the mouth edge is eight-petaled, the inside and outside are convex and concave into four straight lines, and the circle foot is four-petal begonia shape. The bracket is disc-shaped, the bracket is slightly higher than the plate surface, and the short ring foot. The leather pot unearthed a piece, the upper part is flat, there is a handle in the middle, the mouth is missing, the lower part of the pot is full, the bottom is flat, there are lines on the left and right sides of the convex line, the shape is like the suture mark of the leather bag pot, the front and back sides of the pot are decorated with a scratched triangle, and the residual height is about 16 cm. Note unearthed 1 piece, flared mouth, spherical belly, flat bottom, short flow on one side, crank on one side, height 155 cm. 1 piece of jar was unearthed, with round lips, a very short neck, full shoulders, and a mutilation below the shoulder. The above-mentioned fine porcelain glaze is extremely white, and it is not too much to say that it is "as white as snow".
Coarse white porcelain is also mostly used in various bowls, in addition to injections, pillows and other utensils. The coarse bowls are coated with makeup soil, the big bowls are mostly flat bottoms, the small bowls are mostly jade-shaped bottoms, the external glaze is not in the end, the stacking firing method is used, the triangular brace is padded between the bowl and the bowl, the center of the bowl has many brace burn marks, the bottom of the big bowl has many white triangular brace marks, and the outside of the brace is fiery red. Two pillow pieces were unearthed, both small rectangular, one decorated with double grate dots, and the other decorated with brown spots. The injector is slightly taller and thinner, with a flat bottom.
The black glaze has flat-bottomed shallow bowls, lip mouth small jars and flower bowls, double-series jars and other utensils, and the carcass and glaze are thicker.
The brown glaze is an open bowl, and the number of unearthed is small, and the thickness of the glaze is black. It is worth noting that Qicun porcelain is burned, where both typical Xingyao white porcelain and coarse porcelain are burned. Fine white porcelain is a high-end commodity, exclusively for the use of royal relatives and nobles and upper-class people, which can be confirmed from the unearthed Xingyao white porcelain;Stoneware is used by urban businessmen and citizens, and this kind of porcelain is economical and practical.
Xingyao porcelain is known for its white color, and there has never been any additional decoration on Xingyao porcelain. After the discovery of the Qicun site, it was seen that the production of Xingyao white porcelain had a variety of decorative techniques such as molding, scratching and pointillism, so that people had a better understanding of Xingyao white porcelain.
3. Xingyao white porcelain unearthed at home and abroad
As a generation of famous porcelain kilns, the circulation range of its products is generally wide, and Xingyao kiln is no exception. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Tang Dynasty tombs and sites have unearthed Xingyao white porcelain in Guangdong, Fujian, Hebei and Shaanxi four provinces. In 1953, the tomb of Yaotan in Guangzhou (Yao Tan was buried in the twelfth year of Tang Dazhong) unearthed 2 pieces of Xingyao bowls, one for the open jade bottom, and the other for the mouth circle foot. Through these two bowls, we can understand the firing level of white porcelain in the Xing kiln in the middle of the ninth century. In 1954, when Beijing held the "Exhibition of Cultural Relics Unearthed in Five Provinces", it was exhibited. Hebei Province Xingtai area Tang tomb unearthed Xingyao bowl more than a dozen, unearthed Xingyao porcelain more is Shaanxi region, unearthed cultural relics in the fifties engraved "Hanlin" two words of white porcelain jar, the inscription are engraved at the bottom of the jar, the author has seen 3 pieces. The white porcelain jar engraved with the word "Hanlin" seems to be the fixed firing vessel of the Hanlin Academy. Xi'an Tang Daming Palace ruins unearthed carved a "Ying" word, the word inscription is engraved in the jade-shaped bottom center, the bottom is glazed, and the characteristics of the same shaped bowl unearthed from the Qicun site are exactly the same. In addition, the small sculptures unearthed from the Tang tombs in Hebei, Henan, Shaanxi and other provinces, there are images of fat babies, sheep, dogs, lions, etc., the carving is exquisite, the tire is white, the glaze is slightly aqua green, and the eyes and protruding parts are dotted with brown color. A large number of such small sculptures have been unearthed, and although the Qicun site has not yet been discovered, it is more likely to be a product of Qicun. Because there are 2 small sculptures of horseback riders unearthed at the site of Qi Village, it proves that Qi Village has burned small sculptures, and there are brown spots on the pillow, which proves that Qi Village also has colorful decorations. Therefore, the possibility of burning small dotted sculptures in Xingyao exists, but it needs to be confirmed in the future.
The white porcelain of Tang Xing kiln unearthed abroad includes Iraq, Egypt, Pakistan, Japan and Iran. As early as 1910, the German scholars Herzfeld and Sarre excavated the Samarra site on the banks of the Tigris River in Iraq, and the unearthed cultural relics included China's Tang and Song Dynasty ceramics, and the Tang Dynasty had three-colored, green-glazed, yellow-glazed pottery and Xingyao white porcelain, which made Samara famous all over the world. First excavated in 1912 at the site of Fostat, south of Cairo, Egypt, was built after the Arab conquest of Egypt in 642 AD and was in ruins during the Fatimid period when it was captured by the Second Crusade. The site unearthed more than 10,000 pieces of ceramic pieces in China, including the white porcelain bowl of Xingyao. Located on the upper Indus River, Brahminabad in Pakistan was a commercial center from the 7th to 11th centuries before being destroyed in 1020. As early as the nineteenth century in Braminaba has been found in China's Tang and Song Dynasty porcelain, in the twenties of this century continued to be discovered, unearthed Tang Dynasty porcelain has Yue kiln celadon and Xing kiln white porcelain. Japan and our country are a strip of water, the Tang Dynasty Japan and China had frequent exchanges, and China's ceramics have a great influence on Japan. The ancient sites of mainland Japan and Kitakyushu ** soil include Tang Dynasty Yue kiln celadon, Xing kiln white porcelain, Changsha kiln blue glaze brown glaze appliqué, underglaze painting and Tang Sancai pottery. There are two kinds of fine and coarse Xingzhou white porcelain unearthed locally, the fine fetal glaze is as white as snow, the jade bottom bowl unearthed from the West Temple in Kyoto City, the bottom is concave with glaze, it is a typical Xingyao product;The coarse fetus is coarse soil, the bottom center is concave without glaze, and the ruins of the west monk's house of Yakushi Temple in Nara City are also coarse porcelain. The site of Siraf in Iran was one of the thriving ports of the ancient Persian Gulf. Since 1965, the British Iranian Institute of Archaeology has conducted many surveys on Schillaf and found a large number of Chinese porcelain pieces, including Xingyao white porcelain and Yue kiln celadon belonging to the Tang Dynasty, as well as a complete Xingyao four-petal flower-mouth bowl, which is very valuable.
Fourth, the relationship between Xingyao and porcelain kilns in neighboring areas
The production of porcelain in the north of the Tang Dynasty was dominated by white porcelain, and the Xingyao kiln was one of the famous porcelain kilns in the north, and the white porcelain produced must have a great impact on the neighboring areas. At present, the situation has been determined that there is Hebei Quyang kiln, Quyang is close to Lincheng, is the location of the famous white porcelain "Ding kiln" in the Song Dynasty. After many investigations and small-scale test excavations, the white porcelain unearthed in Quyang kiln has a bowl piece of the Tang Dynasty, which proves that the Tang Dynasty has fired white porcelain here, the open lip, the jade bottom bowl, the shape is basically the same as that of the Lincheng Xing kiln, the tires are covered with makeup soil, close to the rough practice of the Xing kiln, but the repair of the blank is relatively regular, and the bottom of the jade bottom is not glazed. In terms of the time of firing porcelain, the kiln-making technique had reached a high level in the middle of the eighth century, so it was loved by people. There are many kinds of flat-bottomed bowls unearthed at the Xingyao site, which is an early form, and the specific time of its popularity is about the beginning of the eighth century or earlierQuyang kiln ruins also have flat-bottomed bowls unearthed, mostly shallow thick tires, the bowl inside and outside are applied with makeup soil, the bowl is white glaze, the outside is brown glaze, the tire contains more impurities and is gray. The concept obtained by comparing the situation of the two kilns is: the quality of Xingyao white porcelain is not only better than that of Quyang, but also the time of firing white porcelain is earlier than that of Quyang kiln. After the ninth century, the production of Quyang kiln has developed, the quality of white porcelain has been significantly improved, the shape of white porcelain has gradually increased, the production skills have been greatly improved, and the output has also increased. After the 10th century, the Xing kiln gradually declined, and the Quyang kiln gradually replaced it, so that the government sent officials to collect porcelain taxes, which shows that the output has reached a considerable number. Also affected by the Xing kiln is the Shanxi Pingding kiln. Pingding, Lincheng and Quyang are very close to each other, although Hebei and Shanxi provinces are separated by Taihang Mountain, but there is Yangguan Avenue to enter Jin, and the porcelain-making skills of Xing kiln can be introduced into Shanxi unimpeded, which has an impact on Pingding kiln. Regarding the Pingding kiln, there are records in the documents of the Ming and Qing dynasties, but the kiln site has not been discovered until recent years. Pingding kiln was created and burned in the Tang Dynasty, the porcelain clay raw materials are pure, although the glaze is not as white as Lincheng Qi Village, but the quality of white porcelain in the Tang Dynasty is slightly better than that of other regionsThe burned utensils are mainly bowls, with jade bottom bowls, small lips protruding from the outer mouth, no glaze at the bottom, and regular repair billets at the bottom, which is relatively close to Xingyao.
The porcelain firing in Xingyao has stopped for a period of time, and the location of porcelain firing has also changed over the years. At present, seven kiln sites have been found in Lincheng, in addition to the three Tang Dynasty ruins of Gangtou, Qicun and Shuangjing, the rest of Nancheng Village, Lubei, Xie Village, Chengdi and so on all belong to the ruins of the Jin and Yuan dynasties, and the ruins of the Song Dynasty have not yet been discovered.
A large part of the porcelain unearthed from the ruins of the Jin and Yuan dynasties has the style of Quyang Song Ding kiln, especially the ruins of Nancheng Village are the most obvious. As we all know, the Song Dynasty prevailed in the over-firing method, this method was founded in Hebei Quyang Ding kiln, in order to improve the output of porcelain, the clever Ding kiln porcelain craftsmen gave up the single-piece sagger firing method used since the Tang Dynasty, and replaced it with the over-firing ring kiln furniture, the height of the over-firing ring ring only accounts for one-fifth of the single-piece sagger, that is to say, after changing to the over-firing ring, in the same kiln, the same fuel is used, the same time is burned, and the output can be increased by four to five times. This is the main reason why the overfiring method has been used in the kiln for a long time and has been imitated by porcelain kilns everywhere. The ruins of Nancheng Village are scattered all over the place, which shows that the local area is affected by the Ding kiln. Printed white porcelain was also found at the site of Xie Village, which can be clearly seen from its decorative features. The printed white porcelain pattern is decorated with travertine flowers, tangled branch flowers, mandarin duck flowers, water waves swimming fish, bamboo branches, baby play, fish wearing flowers and other themes, and the ornamented cloth has a fixed kiln style. The printed white porcelain unearthed in Xie Village are all plates and bowls, and the ornaments are all in the inside of the utensils. However, there is one difference with the Ding kiln, that is, the white porcelain printed in the Ding kiln is covered with firing, and the mouth is unglazed;Jiecun not only has overburning, but also adopts the method of scraping glaze stacking, and the center of the bowl is unglazed. This method is used for kiln firing plain white glaze without lines. The specific firing time of Xie Cun printed white porcelain is in the Jin Dynasty, which can be determined from the glaze scraping and stacking and the six-grid and eight-grid layout method of printing. These two methods are widely used in northern porcelain kilns, including fixed kilns.
The relics of Qi Village and Nancheng Village show that the Xing kiln in the Tang Dynasty had an influence on the Quyang kiln, and after the five dynasties, the Quyang kiln gradually replaced the Xing kiln, and the Quyang Ding kiln in turn influenced the Xing kiln after the Song Dynasty. There is a relationship between the two kilns that influence each other. This relationship between the kilns has not been found much so far, which is noteworthy.
5. Evaluation of Xingyao in Tang Dynasty documents
Xingyao white porcelain can be found in four Tang Dynasty documents, in the order in which they were written: Lu Yu's Book of Tea (761-762), Yuan Zhen's Changqing Collection (821-824), Li Zhao's Supplement to the History of the Kingdom (after 824), and Duan Anjie's Yuefu Miscellaneous Records (894). The two books that are often cited or used as research references by later generations are the "Book of Tea" and the "Supplement to the History of the People's Republic of China".
The Book of Tea says when talking about the bowl for drinking tea: "The bowl is on the state, Dingzhou, Wuzhou, Yuezhou, Shouzhou, and Hongzhou. Or Xingzhou is located in Yuezhou, but otherwise, if Xing porcelain silver, more porcelain jade, Xing is not as good as Yueyi;If Xing porcelain is like snow, then the more porcelain is like ice, and Xing is not as good as Yue Er;Xing porcelain is white and brown, the more porcelain is green and the flower color is green, Xing is not as good as Yue San. Lu Yu was good at drinking tea, and he commented more on the celadon of the Tang Dynasty, and listed six famous celadon kilns at that time, and rated the Yue kiln as the first. Lu Yu is not the only one who has a high evaluation of the Yue kiln, but also the literati and poets of the Tang Dynasty have praised the Yue kiln bowl, and there are many poems left so far. In the Tang Dynasty, some people also thought that the Xingyao white porcelain bowl was better than the Yue kiln celadon bowl, but Lu Yu put forward three reasons to refute it, pointing out that Xing porcelain was inferior to Yue porcelain. First of all, he used a metaphor to compare, that is, if Xing porcelain is similar to silver, then Yue porcelain is similar to jade. In the Tang Dynasty, jade was far more valuable than silver, and Lu Yu believed that Xing was not as good as Yue from this point of viewSecondly, Lu Yu believes that if Xing porcelain is as white as snow, Yue porcelain is as dignified and clear as ice, and from the perspective of color and quality, Xing is not as good as Yue;In the end, Lu Yu took the color of tea as the standard, thinking that Xing porcelain is white and brown is red, and the more porcelain is green, the more porcelain is green, and Xing porcelain is not as good as Yue porcelain. Lu Yu is proficient in drinking tea, known as the tea doctor, he thinks that celadon is more suitable than white porcelain from the perspective of suitable for drinking tea, so he praises and disparages Xing. The first secretary of the "National History Supplement" was from Tang Kaiyuan to Changqing, in order to make corrections.
History is inadequate. It is recorded in the book: "Whatever is bribed is not to be remembered by those who are extravagant in their use." Silk cloth for clothing, linen cloth for sacs, felt hats for covers, turf for belts, white porcelain ou for the inner mound, Duanxi purple stone inkstone, there is no noble and cheap universal in the world". The list in this passage is the fashionable goods that are popular throughout the country. Li Zhao's phrase "the world is universal without the noble and the low" is rather general, as far as the six items listed, although they are popular throughout the country, they are not all common regardless of whether they are noble or low, and the emperor, the imperial relatives, and the upper-class bureaucrats, compared with the working class without social status, have a huge disparity in status, and there is also a difference in living standards and material enjoyment. Silk cloth clothes, Xingyao bowls and Duanxi purple stone inkstones are high-end commodities, which are difficult for ordinary working people to find, and linen bags and turf belts are not used by the aristocratic class. Therefore, a specific analysis is required. After the discovery of the Xingyao site in Qicun Village, Lincheng, it is helpful to understand Li Zhao's words. The fine white porcelain with white glaze produced in Qicun is a high-end product, and according to the literature, this kind of porcelain is more than tribute to the imperial court. Its relics were found in the ruins of Tang Dynasty palaces and the tombs of upper-class bureaucrats, proving that the white porcelain of the Xingyao kiln was specially fired for the ruling class. The coarse white porcelain produced by Qicun, Shuangjing, Gangtou and other kilns (relatively speaking, compared with fine white porcelain), the quantity is more than that of fine white porcelain, the carcass is not white, and the white makeup soil is used to make up for the defects in the raw materials. The use of coarse white porcelain was not for the working people, but for the use of lower-class officials, urban industrialists and merchants, and commoners, and it was a mid-range commodity in the Tang Dynasty white porcelain. The word "world" can also be interpreted in a broad sense, not only including domestic, but also including abroad, such as Iraq, Egypt, Pakistan, Japan and Iran and other countries have unearthed Xingyao white porcelain, and Iraq Samara found Xingyao white porcelain, unearthed in the palace ruins, so "the world has no noble and lowly universal" of "expensive", including foreign monarchs and nobles, so the understanding is more accurate.
P.S. Neiqiu County, Hebei Province in recent years in the county found the Tang Dynasty white porcelain kiln site, unearthed white porcelain has two kinds of fine coarse, fine fetal glaze white as snow, and unearthed with "Ying" word inscription of more than 20 specimens, the inscription are engraved at the bottom of the bowl;In addition, the kiln site also unearthed Tang Dynasty black porcelain and three-color pottery. This is another major discovery of ceramic archaeology, to solve the "National History Supplement" recorded in the "Neiqiu white porcelain Ou" of the origin in Neiqiu County, Tang Sancai production area in addition to Henan County, Shaanxi Tongchuan, and added a place. After the discovery of the Neiqiu porcelain kiln, the study of Xingyao white porcelain and Tang Sancai pottery is undoubtedly of great significance.