There are some significant differences between the original and improved varieties of wheat. In the following, I will introduce in detail the definition, characteristics, cultivation methods and role of wheat in agricultural production.
Definition of raw and improved wheat seeds
Wheat seeds: Wheat seed refers to wild wheat populations collected from nature that have not been artificially selected or improved. Native wheat is usually rich in genetic variability and is one of the important resources for wheat breeding.
Wheat varieties: Wheat varieties refer to wheat varieties that have been artificially bred and improved, with good agronomic traits and high yield potential. Improved wheat usually has a certain degree of stress resistance, adaptability and commerciality after years of breeding work.
Characteristics of raw and improved wheat varieties
Characteristics of the wheat stock
Rich genetic diversity: The original wheat ** has high genetic diversity in nature, including different stress resistance, growth Xi, etc.
Strong adaptability: The original wheat has strong adaptability and can adapt to various adverse environmental conditions.
Low yields: Yields of raw wheat are usually lower than those of improved varieties of wheat.
Characteristics of improved wheat varieties
Excellent agronomic traits: After breeding and improvement, the improved wheat has good disease resistance, stress tolerance, quality and other agronomic traits.
High yield: Improved varieties of wheat usually have a high yield potential to meet the production needs of different regions.
Good commerciality: The grain size of the improved wheat is uniform, the color is good, and it is suitable for commercial processing and sales.
Cultivation methods of wheat seeds and improved seeds
Cultivation method of wheat stock
Field collection: Wild wheat populations in nature are collected, and seeds are retained for follow-up research and conservation.
Genetic resources investigation: Genetic resources investigation and identification of collected raw wheat to understand its genetic characteristics and potential utilization value.
Conservation and research: The collected wheat seeds are stored in the germplasm resource bank, and related research is carried out to explore its potential stress tolerance traits and other beneficial characteristics.
Cultivation method of wheat varieties
Hybrid breeding: Through artificial pollination and cross-breeding, hybrid combinations with excellent traits are selected.
Selective breeding: selection and screening in the crossbred offspring, and individuals with good traits are selected as the female and male parents of the new variety.
Field trials: field trials were conducted on candidate varieties to evaluate their agronomic traits, stress resistance and other indicators, and to determine their adaptability and stability.
The role of raw and improved wheat seeds in agricultural production
The role of wheat seeds
Conservation of genetic resources: As a genetic resource in nature, raw wheat is of great significance for the conservation and utilization of wheat genetic resources.
Excavation of stress resistance traits: There may be beneficial traits such as disease and pest resistance and stress tolerance in the original wheat, which can be used as breeding materials to improve the improved varieties of wheat.
The role of improved wheat varieties
Increase yield: Improved wheat has high yield potential, which can improve agricultural production efficiency.
Improved quality: The improved quality of wheat can improve the overall quality of wheat by improving its quality, disease resistance and stress tolerance.
Conclusion
The original wheat enriches the genetic resources of wheat and provides important genetic materials for the cultivation of improved wheat varieties, while the improved wheat improves the yield and quality of wheat through breeding and improvement, and makes important contributions to agricultural production. In the practice of wheat breeding and production, giving full play to the advantages of original and improved varieties can provide more choices and guarantees for wheat production. Autumn and Winter Check-in Challenge