If I have AIDS, can I still be saved?
AIDS is a fatal disease caused by HIV infection that seriously endangers human health, due to the advent of antiretroviral **, it has become a controllable chronic disease, the survival rate of patients has been significantly improved, the survival time is greatly extended, if the control can be achieved, the patient cooperates well, the human body and the HIV virus can reach a long-term relative homeostasis, and the life expectancy of patients can reach the average life expectancy.
There is no specific drug for AIDS, the current method is mainly to inhibit the replication of the virus in the body, but the virus can restore its fecundity after stopping the drug, and the combination of drugs is currently advocated, that is, the so-called cocktail**, some people estimate that the number of viruses produced in the plasma every day is about 1 billion, of which 50 are eliminated every l 2 days, if several anti-HIV drugs can be used in combination, the virus reproduction can be inhibited to a minimum, which can prolong the survival period and slow down the development of AIDS disease.
It has been reported that if the viral load can be minimized, it is possible to make the patient survive for a long time, and if one drug does not work, it can be used in combination with multiple drugs, or it can minimize the viral load, slow down the rate of progression to the AIDS stage, and at the same time reduce the virus mutation and drug resistance caused by the rapid replication of the virus due to the combination of drugs. This kind of joint development has been carried out abroad, and the effect is obvious, of course, it is not.
At present, there are three main categories of drugs used for combination**:
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. The main drugs in this class are zidovudine (AZT), dedanosin (DDI) and zacitabine (DDC). Early use for **AIDS and its related syndromes, has a certain effect on **HIV-positive AIDS, can reduce mortality and opportunistic infection rate, but can not **AIDS, and has quite serious adverse reactions, patients need long-term medication or lifelong medication. Among the three drugs, AZT anti-AIDS has the best short-term effect and is the most used in clinical practice, but it has serious adverse reactions of inhibiting bone marrow growth, and drug-resistant strains have appeared, so they have been gradually eliminated.
Non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors. The mechanism of action of this class of drugs is to inhibit the activity of the virus's reverse transcriptase by binding to the non-substrate binding site of reverse transcriptase. 1-(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl-6-(phenylsulfide)thymine (HEPT) specifically inhibits HIV-1 replication at a concentration of 100 molL-1, it can be toxic to bone marrow cells and can specifically inhibit various variants of HIV-1, including those resistant to AZT, but ineffective against HIV-2 and other viruses.
Anti-HIV protease inhibitors. The mechanism of action of this class of drugs is to prevent the maternal protein ** from replicating into new HIV-infected cells and viruses. Saquin**IR, which was first marketed in 1995, is a highly selective protease inhibitor with strong antiviral activity against HIV-1, HIV-2 and HIV-1 resistant to AZT, and also has antiviral activity against slow-stained cells. Ritonavir has a high concentration in serum and lymph nodes, and is mainly used in patients with advanced HIV, and in combination with other antiviral drugs, it can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions and increase its effective rate in patients with early HIV. Common adverse reactions were diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, abnormal taste, and tingling around the mouth.
The results of clinical studies showed that the level of CD4 cells in patients was significantly increased, the viral load was significantly reduced, the drug was safe and had good central nervous system penetration, was active in lymph nodes and had a long antiviral effect. Common adverse effects are abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea, but they are not serious. The data show that anti-HIV protease inhibitors are significantly superior to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and are also superior to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors due to their strong antiviral activity against HIV-2.
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