Wang Yueze is making a data map of the mountain peak-shaped Chengni inkstone.
Henan ** client reporter Wang Xiaoping correspondent Shan Yijie.
Recently, Wang Yueze, the representative inheritor of the provincial intangible cultural heritage project of the Yellow River Chengni Yan (Shaanzhou Chengni Yan), is designing and producing several swan-shaped and mainstay Chengni inkstones, adding more modern elements of Sanmenxia to this thousand-year-old inkstone.
Chengni inkstone in the Tang and Song dynasties are all tributes, and Duan, She, Tao Yan and called the four famous inkstones. The preserved complete production process, expression techniques and simple shapes are the significant characteristics of the Chengni inkstone in Shaanzhou, which has extremely high research value and development potential, and its style is rich, and the imprint of the times is obvious, which provides valuable historical materials for the study of politics, economy and culture in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.
In September 2007, Shaanzhou Chengni inkstone was included in the representative list of municipal intangible cultural heritage by the people of Sanmenxia City, and was included in the first batch of intangible cultural heritage protection list by the people of Henan Province in the same year.
The thousand-year-old inkstone is inherited in an orderly manner.
Zhang Qi, director of the Shaanzhou District Cultural Center, introduced that Chengni inkstone has a long history, flourished in the Tang and Song dynasties, and was regarded as a tribute. The Tang Dynasty Yuzhou Chengni inkstone is the most famous, the late Song Dynasty discontinued, but the tradition of making inkstones still exists, Yuan to Yuan eight years abolished Yuzhou merged into the jurisdiction of Shaanzhou, inkstone artists continue to burn in Shaanzhou and inherit to this day. There are many records of Chengni inkstone in the chronicles, ** 25 years (1936) "Shaanxi County Chronicles" volume 13 products and soil genus records: "Chengni inkstone, Tang and Song dynasties are tribute. According to this, the inkstone is now produced in Renmazhai Village, and Wang Yurui has been manufacturing for many years. The soil is like red stone, crushed into powder, and mixed into a very good material. ”
In the late Qing Dynasty, the Chengni Yan culture in Shaanzhou developed to a peak. Renmazhai Village, Xizhangcun Town, Shaanzhou is the origin of the ancient Chengni inkstone in Shaanzhou in the Ming and Qing dynasties, at the end of the Qing Dynasty, the inkstone-making workshops of Renmazhai are dotted all over the place, and many halls such as "Yurui Hall", "Furui Hall", "Shengrui Hall" and "Wenshan Hall" compete to burn Chengni inkstone. The style of Chengni inkstone produced by Renma Village is very rich, there are toad-shaped inkstone, Fuhu inkstone, Wadang inkstone, hollow plumbing inkstone, fire chamber warm inkstone, etc., the ornamentation is vivid and simple, and has the characteristic charm of Chinese culture. The back of the inkstone is printed with the name of the origin and the author, such as "made by Yurui Hall in Mazhai Village, Chengni, Chengni, Shaanxi, Henan".
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Chengni inkstone experienced a short period of suspension in the seventies and eighties of the 20th century, but the inheritance has never been broken. In 1994, Wang Yueze, a descendant of Wang Yurui, a famous inkstone maker, learned that the ancient inkstone producing areas were resuming the inkstone-making process and production, and immediately returned to Renmazhai Village, Shaanzhou District, to visit the old Chengni inkstone artists in the Wang family, and worked hard to study the Xi, vowing to restore the Chengni inkstone process. In 1995, with his unremitting efforts, the first kiln finished inkstone was finally fired!
The inheritance of Chengni inkstone in Shaanzhou is clear, and the Qing Dynasty 'Yuruitang' is the most famous, which has been passed down for six generations and has never been interrupted. Wang Yueze said.
The technique is exquisite, and the charm is long.
Shaanzhou Chengni inkstone inkstone is divided into two categories, one is hand-kneaded molding, the other is model molding, the majority of model molding, the fan and mold used to make inkstone are all Cheng mud pottery. The inkstone artists of Renma Village also apply the round carving, relief, carving, scratching, painting, lacquer, gold and other processes to the inkstone, so that the Chengni inkstone presents a colorful charm, such as the golden toad Chengni inkstone is a typical representative of the lacquer and gold.
According to the shape of the inkstone, the inkstone artists use the internal and external models to remake respectively, select the red glue clay of the local fire Yanggou, and refine the very delicate mud through multiple processes such as sorting, mashing, sifting, filtering, batching, and stirring. After the demolding, the inkstone is placed in the indoor shade to dry, and when it is semi-dry, it is repaired, carved and embossed with sharp tools to remember the hall number, and then exposed to the sun for several days after drying, and fired in the kiln while it is hot.
The process of Chengni inkstone is complex, from a piece of soil to a side of inkstone, it takes more than 6 months, we have been insisting on making Chengni inkstone in accordance with the ancient method. Wang Yueze introduced, the fired high-grade Cheng mud inkstone has the characteristics of "Fu such as stone, Hu Shengjin, hit like a bell chime", and the ink does not seep, the ink does not rot, can be used as a beautiful ornament, but also as a practical device.
In recent years, Wang Yueze has brought forth the new, on the basis of inheriting the tradition, he has designed a lot of distinctive new inkstones, he combines the mountain peak inkstone with the golden cicada inkstone, and makes the inkstone with a peculiar shape and easy to put the pen, and also adds a water bowl between the "peaks", which is very exquisite. He also designed many swan-shaped inkstones, which attracted many tourists to admire and experience the production. On December 4th, a French student came to visit the Renma Village Chengni Yan Exhibition Hall and experience making swan Chengni inkstone. Wang Yueze said.
Emphasis on protection and rejuvenation.
Zhang Qi introduced that the local cultural department attaches great importance to the development of Shaanzhou Chengni inkstone, and the Shaanzhou District Cultural Center and the Shaanzhou District Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center actively apply for inheritors at all levels, expand the team of inheritors, and declare and enter the representative inheritors of representative projects of intangible cultural heritage at all levels with exquisite skills and qualifications, so as to form a reasonable echelon and mobilize the enthusiasm of the younger generation to engage in traditional craftsRelying on the Shaanzhou Renmazhai Wang Yurui Chengni Yan Exhibition Hall to strengthen theoretical and technical research, and made in-depth research and research, edited "Shaanzhou Chengni Yan" and academic materials, and continued to carry out research and Xi training for inheritance groups, improve inheritance ability, and enhance inheritance stamina.
Set up a Chengni inkstone exhibition and sales place in the Shaanzhou Dikeng Folk Culture Park to focus on display, publicity and promotion, and promote the combination of traditional crafts and the tourism marketIn order to promote social education, we have carried out activities such as Shaanzhou Chengni inkstone entering the campus, research and tourism.
We have also held a number of traditional art classes, and hired Shaanzhou Chengni inkstone inheritors to teach, attracting many enthusiasts to participate. Zhang Qi said.
Shaanzhou Renma Village Wang Yurui Cheng Ni Yan Exhibition Hall is a provincial demonstration exhibition hall named by the Henan Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism, led by Wang Yueze to create, he introduced, the exhibition hall has held nearly 100 Chengni Yan research classes in recent years, training thousands of primary and secondary school students to study here, and received tens of thousands of experts and scholars, calligraphers, painters and artists from all over the country who have collected and studied inkstones.
Wang Yueze said that Shaanzhou Chengni inkstone is a valuable intangible cultural heritage, and hopes that the first department and all walks of life will pay attention to and support the inheritance and development of Shaanzhou Chengni inkstone. At the same time, it is also hoped that more young people can strengthen their cultural self-confidence, actively join the intangible cultural heritage inheritance team of Shaanzhou Chengni Yan, and carry forward Shaanzhou Chengni Yan.