Nowadays, social ** is full of funny jokes about the life of husband and wife, reflecting the current situation of young Chinese marriage. In these paragraphs, the man has a low status in the family and is trained by his wife to be obedient. However, looking back at the ancient Chinese marriage system, we find that the "monogamy" of the past was not consistent.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, China adhered to the principle of "monogamy", and the relationship between husband and wife was protected by law. However, ancient China practiced "monogamy and polygonal concubinage" for a long time. Wealthy families can have "three wives and four concubines", although only one "wife" is a wife. Concubines are "little wives", and the number depends on economic and physical conditions. The status of children is different, and the gap between "grandchildren" and "concubines" is obvious.
"Polygamy" is well known, while "polyandry" seems to be even rarer. However, among the Nayar people of southeastern India, this institution of marriage exists, whereby men of several different families marry into the same wife. Historical records show that the system of "polyandry" was also practiced in ancient Sumer, India, Greece and other places.
In the Honla Mountains of Nepal, a woman married three brothers and became a typical example of polyandry. For them, polygamy is a cultural inheritance that they Xi take for granted. However, this system puts a lot of pressure on women to have multiple children, and they have to be responsible for raising them.
Although some experts have suggested that "polyandry" should be used to deal with the problem of more men than women, women have expressed support for this. However, in real life, this system is a life ordeal for women. Giving birth to and raising multiple children became a woman's responsibility, and the wife's position in the family was significantly lower than that of the husband.
For nearly two centuries, Western scholars have been studying the system of polyandry. Early research focused on the relationship between population growth and institutions. The origin and evolution of the "polyandry" system in different regions are influenced by many factors such as culture, religion, and social structure.
The existence of polyandry is not caused by a single cause, but is the result of a combination of multidimensional factors. The economic base determines the superstructure, and religion, culture, etc. are also related to the formation and development of the system. In some areas, the support of lamastic monasteries allowed polyandry to be maintained, while also affecting population control and family structure.
The system of polyandry is not universal, but is the result of multidimensional factors. Although history cannot be ignored, for contemporary society, we need to look at the evolution of the institution of marriage more rationally. Whether it is polygamy or polyandry, it should be treated rationally, understand the complexity and diversity, and respect the choice of marriage in different cultural contexts.
In today's pluralistic concept of marriage, we should go beyond stereotypes and look at the existence of different marriage systems with an open and inclusive attitude. There is no good or bad history, and each system has its own unique social and cultural background and development trajectory. May we be able to build a more equal and harmonious marriage relationship on the basis of respecting differences.
In this article, the author details the evolution of the marriage system in China, from the ancient system of "monogamy and polyandryry" to the current system of "polyandry". The article not only provides a historical perspective, but also presents a comprehensive and profound perspective through field visits to the life of "polyandry" and the research results of Western scholars on this system.
First of all, this paper reviews the marriage system in ancient China, revealing the social culture of the period of "monogamy and multiple concubines", especially the phenomenon of "three wives and four concubines" in rich and noble families. Under this system, the difference in status between wives and concubines and the inheritance rights of children form complex relationships within the family. This historical background provides the reader with a contrast that makes the change in modern conception of marriage even more apparent.
Secondly, the article introduces the relatively rare institution of marriage of "polyandry", demonstrating its presence among the Nayar people of India. Through visits to local life, the article presents the pressures and plight of women under this system. Although some experts have proposed to solve the problem of the imbalance between men and women in this system, in reality, the status of women under this system is still relatively low, and the responsibility for childbirth and raising is heavy.
The paper also focuses on the research results of Western scholars on the "polyandry" system, and emphasizes the influence of economic, cultural and religious factors on the marriage system. The effect of this multiple factors makes the "polyandry" system not have the characteristics of generalization, but is the result of the interaction of various factors.
Finally, by putting forward a rational conclusion, the article calls on people to be open and tolerant in the concept of marriage, beyond traditional stereotypes. This view emphasizes respect for different cultures and institutions, and advocates the construction of equal and harmonious marriage relationships in the midst of differences.
The whole article is simple and logical, and through historical review, field visits and academic research, readers have a more comprehensive understanding of the development of China's marriage system. At the same time, the rational viewpoint put forward at the end of the article also provides a direction worthy of deep thought for the concept of marriage in contemporary society. For this complex and diverse topic, the article gives readers enough information and space to think, and provokes thinking about the plurality of the marriage system.
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