On November 29, local time, former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger (Henry Kissinger) died at the age of 100.
Small homework:1. how was kissinger's approach to diplomacy often characterized?
a) as idealistic and focused on global unity.
b) as ultrarealist, sometimes at the expense of democratic values.
c) as strictly non-interventionist.
d) as predominantly focused on economic diplomacy.
2. how did kissinger's foreign policy views affect his actions toward smaller nations during the cold war?a) he focused on promoting democracy in these countries.
b) he prioritized economic aid over political intervention.
c) he advocated for their independence from great powers.
d) he often regarded them as pawns in the greater battle.
Original without annotation:
henry kissinger is dead at 100; shaped u.s. cold war history
from: the new york times
henry a. kissinger, the scholar-turned-diplomat who engineered the united states' opening to china, negotiated its exit from vietnam, and used cunning, ambition and intellect to remake american power relationships with the soviet union at the height of the cold war, sometimes trampling on democratic values to do so, died on wednesday, according to a statement that was posted to his official website. he was 100.
he died at his home in connecticut.
few diplomats h**e been both celebrated and reviled with such passion as mr. kissinger. considered the most powerful secretary of state in the post-world war ii era, he was by turns hailed as an ultrarealist who reshaped diplomacy to reflect american interests and denounced as h**ing abandoned american values, particularly in the arena of human rights, if he thought it served the nation's purposes.
he advised 12 presidents — more than a quarter of those who h**e held the office — from john f. kennedy to joseph r. biden jr. with a scholar's understanding of diplomatic history, a german-jewish refugee's drive to succeed in his adopted land, a deep well of insecurity and a lifelong b**arian accent that sometimes added an indecipherable element to his pronouncements, he transformed almost every global relationship he touched.
at a critical moment in american history and diplomacy, he was second in power only to president richard m. nixon. he joined the nixon white house in january 1969 as national security adviser and, after his appointment as secretary of state in 1973, kept both titles, a rarity. when nixon resigned, he stayed on under president gerald r. ford.
mr. kissinger's secret negotiations with what was then still called red china led to nixon's most famous foreign policy accomplishment. intended as a decisive cold war move to isolate the soviet union, it carved a pathway for the most complex relationship on the globe, between countries that at mr. kissinger's death were the world's largest (the united states) and second-largest economies, completely intertwined and yet constantly at odds as a new cold war loomed.
he drew the soviet union into a dialogue that became known as détente, leading to the first major nuclear arms control treaties between the two nations. with his shuttle diplomacy, he edged moscow out of its standing as a major power in the middle east, but failed to broker a broader peace in that region.
over years of meetings in paris, he negotiated the peace accords that ended the american involvement in the vietnam war, an achievement for which he shared the 1973 nobel peace prize. he called it “peace with honor,” but the war proved far from over, and critics argued that he could h**e made the same deal years earlier, s**ing thousands of lives.
within two years, north vietnam had overrun the american-backed south. it was a humiliating end to a conflict that from the beginning mr. kissinger had doubted the united states could ever win.
but by the time that interval was over, americans had given up on the vietnam project, no longer convinced that the united states' strategic interests were linked to that country's fate.
as was the case with vietnam, history has judged some of his cold war realism in a harsher light than it was generally portrayed at the time. with an eye fixed on great power rivalry, he was often willing to be crudely machi**ellian, especially when dealing with smaller nations that he often regarded as pawns in the greater battle.
Note: See the beginning of this article for the full title; The Chinese version is the official translation of The New York Times and is for reference only.
Full text with annotations:
henry kissinger is dead at 100; shaped u.s. cold war history
from: the new york times
henry a. kissinger, the scholar-turned-diplomat who engineered the united states' opening to china, negotiated its exit from vietnam, and used cunning, ambition and intellect to remake american power relationships with the soviet union at the height of the cold war, sometimes trampling on democratic values to do so, died on wednesday, according to a statement that was posted to his official website. he was 100.
According to a statement released on its official **, Henry Kissinger died on Wednesday at the age of 100. The academic-turned-diplomat orchestrated the U.S. opening up to China, was the negotiator for the U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam, and reshaped the power relationship between the U.S. and the Soviet Union with cunning, ambition, and wisdom at the height of the Cold War, sometimes trampling on democratic values.
turned-
-turned-..The literal meaning is also well understood, xxx is transformed into xxx, and turned can be interpreted as "...Someone who has done one job and then does something completely different, e.g., english-teacher-turned-founder of ..An actor turned politician and a housewife turned author.
diplomat
diplomat /ˈdɪp.lə.m t means "diplomat" and is translated as "a diplomat is a senior official who discusses affairs with another country on behalf of his or her own country, usually working as a member of an embassy."”
cunning
cunning /ˈkʌn.1) means "cunning, cunning", which is interpreted in English as "cunning people are clever at planning something so that they get what they want, especially by tricking other people, or things that are cleverly made for a particular." purpose."Such as: a cunning plan ploy trick;
2) It means "attractive, charming", which is interpreted as "pretty and attractive" in English, e.g. a cunning little child puppy kitten cute little child puppy kitten.
trample
trample /ˈtræm.p l 1) means "to step on something or someone, causing damage or injury".