With the rapid development of emerging industries such as mobile Internet and Internet of Things, the smart sensor market has also ushered in spring. What is a smart sensor? Let's find out with Xin Jingcheng.
The basic components of intelligent sensing; It consists of a sensing element, a signal conditioning circuit, and a controller. Function; Data transformation, collection, analysis, and even decision-making. The advantage of intelligence is to reduce power consumption and volume, and realize networking; Improve the accuracy of the sensor; Expand the range of sensor applications to make their development faster and more effective. The manufacturing of smart sensors is based on CMOS circuit integration technology and microfabrication of silicon materials.
From the perspective of manufacturing technology, there are three types of intelligent sensing: microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), complementary metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS), and spectroscopy. Among them, MEMS and CMOS technology can easily achieve low-cost and large-scale production, and can integrate sensor elements, bias and conditioning circuits, and even ultra-large-scale circuits on the same substrate or in the same package, so that the device has a variety of detection functions and intelligent data processing functions.
For example; For the detection of physical quantities of temperature, the sensors used are based on the Seebeck effect. Hall-based sensors can be used to detect high voltage quantities such as velocity, displacement, position, and high currents, and more!
From the future development trend of sensors, it is mainly reflected in intelligence, miniaturization, and bionics.
What is Smart Sensing?
A smart sensor is a device that integrates a sensing element and a microprocessor and has monitoring and processing functions; or smart devices that integrate sensors, actuators, and electronic circuitry. The output digital signal is convenient for subsequent calculation and processing. The components include transceivers, microcontrollers, amplifiers, AD and D converters, etc.; Signal processing, data verification and interpretation, signal sensing, signal transmission and conversion, etc.
Up to now, the sensor has gone through three stages.
In the first stage, before 1969, structural sensors were the main focus.
The second phase, the 20 years after 1969, was dominated by solid-state sensors.
The third stage, from 1990 to the present, is mainly smart sensors.
Smart sensor features:
High precision, high reliability, high adaptability, high resolution, and high cost performance. The measurement and resolution ability of specific parameters in multi-parameter states is ensured, through data fusion and neural network technology; High signal-to-noise ratio through digital processing to ensure high accuracy; Through automatic compensation, the system works in a reasonable low-power state, eliminates the drift of system characteristics caused by changes in working conditions and environment, improves reliability, and optimizes transmission speed; Smart sensors have judgment and strong system adaptability. Analysis and processing functions, mathematical processing by software; It can use large-scale production of integrated circuit process and MEMS process, which is cost-effective.
Smart sensors are a key element of the intelligent systems of the future, symbolizing the perception and self-awareness capabilities of the new generation. Its development is driven by the strong demand for the Internet of Things, smart cities, and intelligent manufacturing in the future, and it is also the commanding heights of various countries in the future.