Hello everyone, I am Qiao Shanxun, the founder of the headline number of "Aviation Home", and I am honored to be recommended by the Shanghai Society to become a science popularization expert of the Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics this year. During the science popularization activities, I found that the news and lectures on aviation technology not only help us understand the latest developments in this field, but also stimulate our curiosity and encourage us to explore and learn. This curiosity and desire to learn not only exists among students, but also needs aviation science popularization from the public, policy makers, aviation practitioners, and scientific researchers.
In April this year, ACP held an aviation science popularization event in Zhengzhou, when Xie Lijia, then president of Boeing China, helped a girl assemble a model airplane and release the model, he may have planted a dream of aviation for his child, and never underestimate the power of a child's interests and dreams.
1. Aviation science can enhance public confidence. By disseminating safety knowledge, misconceptions can be dispelled, the public's sense of identity with the industry and understanding of the concepts of aviation science can be enhanced, scientific aspirations can be stimulated, and scientific literacy of the public can be enhanced.
2. Economic development: The aviation industry is the most convenient means of transportation connecting people, culture and business on all continents around the world, which can promote economic growth, promote international development and promote the development of tourism. Aviation science can help policy and regulatory makers make clear decisions and use the aviation industry more scientifically to promote economic development.
2. Promote aviation innovation: The popularization of science is an important factor in the formation of an innovation culture, along with education. It contributes to a positive and constructive understanding of new knowledge, discoveries and inventions.
4. Educational impact: Through popular science activities, more students will be inspired to dream of aviation, motivate them to learn STEM subjects, and promote the development of future scientists and engineers. It also provides students with more opportunities to explore the aviation industry for future careers.
In 2023, I was invited to conduct 9 aviation science popularization activities in schools, airlines, troops and other units. He has published 12 articles in journals and magazines. The headline number of "Aviation House" has been read more than 5700 million passengers, which also reflects the influence and attractiveness of aviation knowledge.
Thanks to the recommendation of the Shanghai Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics, I became a member of the science popularization experts of the Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics. In his speech, he briefly talked about three feelings:
1. Aviation science popularization should link theory with practice - in the battle for the first plane, the university professor lost to the cyclist
2. Aviation science popularization should have longitudinal depth and horizontal width
3. Aviation science popularization is the only way for an aviation country to move forward to an aviation power.
This year is the year of the 30th anniversary of the establishment of the Beihang Flight Academy, which has trained thousands of pilots in the past 30 years. After all, when flying an airplane in the sky, there is no fixed way to solve problems - the environment is changing all the time, the state of the plane is also changing, and the way to deal with it needs to be improvised.
For example, in the case of Air France Flight 447, the external environment of low-altitude stall and high-altitude stall is very different, low-altitude stall is changed, 12°, full throttle, and at an altitude of 10,000 meters 4 5° aircraft may stall. Using the low-altitude stall modification program to be applied to high altitude may be a catastrophe that will never be recovered.
This requires a qualified pilot to be aware of the performance of the aircraft and to be unfazed by possible failures in order to operate an increasingly automated aircraft to interact with the sky, and to turn the crisis into an invisible with the skills and subconscious he has mastered.
Batches of young people have joined the aviation industry, who may not have known the accident that happened 30 years ago, and who have grown up in an aviation system that seems naturally safe and reliable. The Boeing 737 MAX series crash is a wake-up call, and there is a self-evident concern across the aviation industry that this could one day happen again if constant vigilance is not maintained.
Flight students need to buckle the first "button" of safety awareness in the classroom, so that they have skills in their hands and cases in their minds, so as to ensure that nothing goes wrong. Piloting the plane to land safely is the "highest duty" pursued by every pilot throughout his life.
As one of the three major central aviation enterprises in China, China Southern Airlines is the airline with the largest number of transport aircraft, the most developed route network and the largest annual passenger volume in China. China Southern Airlines ranks first in Asia in terms of annual passenger traffic.
1. The third in the world;The fleet size ranks first in Asia and fourth in the world. It is the airline with the largest number of flights, the densest route network and the largest annual passenger volume in China.
With the entry into service of ARJ21 and C919, domestic airlines are bound to explore a set of training and operation systems suitable for domestic aircraft when operating domestic aircraft.
We are pleased to introduce the U.S.-China Aviation Cooperation Program (ACP) to Zhengzhou, so that children in Henan can also receive the world's best aviation science activities. Relying on the good aviation industry foundation of Henan Province, the strong aviation culture atmosphere and the rich aviation talent pool, ACP has carried out public welfare activities to promote the high-quality development of China's aviation culture and education.
It was an honor to host the event, and Boeing China President and ACP Co-Chairman Xie Lijia introduced the education public welfare program to the students, encouraging them to continue to grow and deepen their cultivation in the aviation field. Representatives from Boeing, Textron China, L&B, and Globe Weather shared the history of aviation, general aviation, general airports, and FBO (fixed base of operations) with nearly 100 local college students, and had a lively discussion with the students.
The popular science content I shared was "Interests, Dreams, Inheritance-Boeing, Wang Zhu and Qian Xuesen".
The key to Boeing's transformation from a lumber merchant to an aircraft manufacturer was the air show. In 1910, the first international air show was held in the United States. The 29-year-old Boeing's first exposure to airplanes at the Los Angeles International Airshow sowed the seeds of his interest in aviation.
In 1912, Wang Zhu and his friends pooled £2 together to experience flying in England for the first time, and this flight also made him interested in aviation. Later, Wang Zhu came to the United States and enrolled in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he studied under Hunsack. In 1916, five of the seven graduates of the second phase of MIT aeronautical engineering were Chinese. Later, Hensack introduced Wang Zhu to Boeing through Westveld.
Wang Zhu returned to China and supervised the construction of China's first military aircraft fleet in Hangzhou in 1933. In 1934, Wang Zhu served as Qian Xuesen's former mentor for studying in the United States, and he arranged for Qian Xuesen to go to various domestic aircraft factories for internships, and personally sent a letter to Hengsack to pave the way for Qian Xuesen to go to the United States. Now we can still deeply feel Qian Xuesen's achievements in China's aerospace field.
At the Seattle Museum of Flight, there is a group of grandparents in blue jackets who have led the way in military aviation, commercial aviation, or the aviation industry. Elapse.
After 30 or 40 years of hard work, when they handed over the baton to young people, they should have enjoyed the rest of their lives, but there were still so many unfinished aviation dreams in their hearts, so they met at the Aviation Museum to share their experiences, achievements, and stories with visiting friends. Nearly half of the tour guides served until the last day of their lives, which can be described as "doing their best, and then dying"!
Their stories remind us that no matter what industry we are in, we can influence and inspire others through our work and experiences. Many people who succeed in their fields are driven by their dreams and interests, which help them overcome difficulties, keep learning, and succeed in their passions.
The students who listened to the lecture will also go to St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instruments in Russia for further study in the future, so they deliberately looked for the content of the Soviet Union and China's civil aviation.
Because the relationship between airworthiness and continuous airworthiness (safety) of passenger aircraft was not properly handled, Russian airliners basically withdrew from the stage of history. Judging by the damage rate of the fuselage, the Tu-104 launched in 1955 was as high as 1841%！But then with the differences in regulations and accident investigations, the airliners of the Soviet Union and Western countries began to diverge, and the 737 had only 213%, and the A320 is only 054%。The accident rate of 737ng is only 007%。
We can see how the Warsaw Pact deals with safety incidents from the "engine non-inclusive accidents that repeat the mistakes of the past." On March 14, 1980, an Il-62 passenger plane operating Polish Airlines Flight 007 (LO007) suffered an incompatible engine failure and crashed during the resumption of flight at Okinche Airport (now Chopin Airport) in Warsaw, Poland, resulting in the death of all 87 people on board, setting a record for the most tragic air crash in Polish history at that time. However, such a tragic accident did not solve the catastrophic engine problem, and seven years later, a similar tragedy struck Poland again.
Failure to comply with U.S. airworthiness regulations, and covert accident investigations have allowed similar accidents to occur again and again. In the Soviet environment, the state apparatus and the aviation industry did not distinguish between you and me, and security issues were often seen as detrimental to national honor. They have sufficient political incentives to avoid revealing any information that causes public discontent, which is a "double-edged sword" that will make SOEs more neglectful of their own problems.
A similar accident occurred in China's civil aviation industry. On May 30, 1988, the D-30KU-154 of the Civil Aviation of China Tu-154M had a broken shaft failure. The 4-stage low-pressure turbines were all thrown out of the fuselage, piercing the tail skin of the aircraft, and a serious low-pressure turbine non-containment rupture incident. The titanium alloy heat-insulating sleeve in the shaft of the high-pressure compressor suddenly recesses inward during work, and hits the low-pressure rotor drive shaft that rotates at high speed. The low-pressure rotor drive shaft breaks after being ground out of a deep groove. The turbine lost load after the shaft was broken, the speed soared to flying, and the stage 4 low-pressure turbine rotor burst and threw out of the machine under high centrifugation, resulting in a serious non-inclusive burst event of the low-pressure turbine rotor.
Professor Chen Guang found the cause of the failure of the insulation sleeve through the "fault reproduction" method: the structural design was unreasonable, resulting in low cycle fatigue;The local surface has been sanded with a grinding wheel, resulting in a decrease in fatigue strength;The cylinder is not round, the local area is not rigid enough, and it is easy to deform;The material is not good, the mechanical properties are reduced a lot, and the strength and rigidity of the local area are reduced, resulting in the instability of the heat insulation sleeve in advance under the action of external pressureIt is caused by the instability and inward depression of the lubricating oil leaking into the A chamber due to the external pressure generated by spontaneous combustion. This means that the insulated sleeve has serious flaws in design, materials and workmanship.
The Soviet side fundamentally did not believe that the Chinese were capable of completing the analysis of the failure, believing that the Chinese aviation industry was developed with the help of the Soviet Union. They are teachers, and Chinese are their students. How can a student outperform a teacher?
The meeting was held in Moscow, chaired by the Austrian president of the Soviet Union's ** Aero Engine Research Institute, with the participation of 17 experts from the Soviet side and a six-member expert group from China. After the Chinese experts presented their analytical conclusions, they were recognized by the Soviet experts.
Dean Ao said that the cause of the engine failure was the conclusion of the Chinese report, that there were serious defects in the design, materials and manufacture of the engine, and that the conditions of use had nothing to do with it. Professor Chen's personal experience tells students that they dare to think independently and question authority in their future studies and work.
Zhuhai Xiangyi Company is one of the largest training centers in Asia, with the most complete aircraft types and the longest history in China.
Now that aviation has evolved from passive safety to active safety, it is necessary to have the spirit of "worrying about peace and whistleblowers" in times of peace. Recently, the New York Times and the Washington Post blew the whistle on security. On August 21, 2023, the New York Times published an article "Airline Strikes Are Much More Frequent Than Previously Known": In July, the FAA reported at least 46 aviation incidents. NASA data: 12 months, about 300 collision nearsighted. Controller: "It's only a matter of time before a catastrophic event happens. ”
And the best safety device on an airplane is a well-trained crew. On May 7, 2011, Indonesia's pigeon air flight 8968 crashed into the river, which was also the first fatal accident of the MA60.
In the future, domestic civil aircraft will need world-class aviation training to escort them in the process of entering service and going to sea one after another
In December, a certain department of the Air Force gave a lecture on popular science
In terms of safety and reliability, operation frequency, aircraft manufacturing, maintenance and repair economy, from the perspective of airworthiness regulations, civil aircraft are more demanding than military aircraft. However, in addition to ensuring flight safety, military aircraft also need to perform tactical maneuvers with a high risk factor. For example, the "throw-bomb" mission carried out by the B-47.
In March and April 1958, the U.S. Air Force suffered five B-47 crashes in a row during training, and its important legacy was the establishment of the aircraft structural integrity outline. Similarly, the U.S. Air Force neglected structural strength, durability, reliability, and maintainability due to the one-sided pursuit of high performance during the Pratt & Whitney F-100's service, and derived the engine structural integrity outline. These two became the "golden bell jar" of the structural integrity of the aircraft and engines.
It has now evolved from the first generation of "maintenance on damage" to the third generation of "reliability-centric maintenance". The real-time monitoring system helps the pilot to understand the airworthiness status of the aircraft, focusing mainly on performing tasks and secondary on monitoring the aircraft. Lay the foundation for equipment support for "use me in the first battle, and use me to win".
The two books have become books in the collection of the National Library of China
"Aviation Knowledge" January issue B-2 Ghost First Fall
Aviation Knowledge, April Deadly Small Talk
"Aviation Knowledge" August issue "After the low-pressure turbine disc is off duty".
"Aviation Knowledge" October Issue Who is to blame for the pigeon flight to fold its wings?
"Big Plane" February issue The first jet airliner of the former Soviet Union: Tu-104
Big Plane May "He saved more lives than anyone else in the history of aviation."
"Big Plane" June issue Tu-134: Khrushchev hand-picked the design of the rear-mounted engine
"Big Plane" November issue The pilot's "good friend" - flight simulator
The March issue of Labor Protection pushed Indonesian Flight 8501 to the sea
Labor Protection's August issue Take-off is the end of the journey to explore the mystery of the crash of Comair Flight 5191
Labor Protection, November Issue: How pilots can put an end to the "normalization of deviations".
2023 is also a year of continuous learning, during which I visited Director Yang Yuanyuan, Professor Chen Guang, Chief Pilot Liu Chuanjian and other teachers, and I am very grateful to the teachers for answering my questions and answering my questions, and for their support and help in aviation science popularization.
All the past is prologue. The busy and fulfilling year of 2023 is over, and we look forward to the upcoming 2024 to inspire more people's love and understanding of aviation, and work together to promote the better development of the aviation industry!