Soybean is one of the important crops in China, which is of great significance for improving agricultural production efficiency and ensuring national food security. In order to achieve a high yield of soybeans, it is necessary to master certain cultivation techniques. This article will introduce the key points of soybean high-yield cultivation technology in detail for the reference of the majority of farmers.
1. Choose high-quality varieties
Choosing high-quality, adaptable soybean varieties is key to achieving high yields. Choose suitable varieties according to local climatic conditions, soil texture and planting Xi. At the same time, attention should be paid to the disease resistance, insect resistance and yield potential of the variety.
2. Reasonable crop rotation
Reasonable crop rotation can reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, improve soil fertility, and be conducive to the growth of soybeans. Generally speaking, soybean and gramineous crops have a good rotation effect, such as corn and wheat. In the process of crop rotation, attention should be paid to avoid heavy stubble and stubble.
3. Fine land preparation
Fine land preparation can improve soil structure, improve soil permeability, and facilitate the growth of soybean roots. In the process of land preparation, weeds and stubble should be removed, and the soil should be ploughed to make the soil loose and flat. At the same time, an appropriate amount of basal fertilizer should be applied according to the soil fertility status.
Fourth, sowing seeds at the right time
Timely sowing is an important part of high soybean yield. It is necessary to determine the appropriate sowing time according to the local climatic conditions and the characteristics of the variety. In general, spring sowing of soybeans is carried out after the soil thaws, and summer sowing of soybeans is carried out after the wheat harvest. When sowing, it is necessary to ensure that the sowing depth is appropriate and the sowing density is reasonable.
Fifth, scientific fertilization
Scientific fertilization is one of the key measures for high soybean yield. According to the soil fertility status and the growth demand of soybean, the appropriate amount and method of fertilization should be determined. Generally speaking, the base fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer, with the application of an appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer. During the growth period, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied in a timely manner.
6. Field management
Field management is an important guarantee for high soybean yields. During the growth period, it is necessary to carry out the work of cultivating and weeding, irrigation and drainage, and controlling diseases and pests in a timely manner. Cultivating and weeding can reduce the competition between weeds and soybeans for nutrients, irrigation and drainage can ensure the water required for soybean growth and avoid waterlogging, and pest control can reduce soybean yield loss.
7. Harvesting and storage
When the soybean leaves gradually turn yellow and fall off, they can be harvested. Sunny weather should be chosen for harvesting to avoid moldy beans caused by rain. After harvesting, it should be dried, threshed, screened and stored in a timely manner. Keep it ventilated and dry during storage to avoid dampness and mildew.
In short, in order to achieve high soybean yield, it is necessary to master the above seven aspects of cultivation technology. In actual production, it is necessary to flexibly use these technical points according to local climatic conditions, soil texture and planting Xi to achieve the best planting effect. At the same time, we should also pay attention to protecting the environment, rationally utilizing resources, and achieving sustainable agricultural development.