Many people are familiar with the 1955 award, but they are not very clear about the basic basis for the 1955 award. Therefore, there are often judgments about whether someone is inferior or whether someone is highly awarded, some of which are more or less reasonable, and some of which are far from being false. This is mainly because they do not understandThe 1955 award was basically based on the 1952 cadre ratingfor the sake of it.
On January 1, 1955, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) changed from a supply system to a salary system, and cadres at all levels of the army began to receive corresponding salaries according to their respective military ranks. The implementation of the salary system in the armed forces marks the beginning of the implementation of the "four major systems" of our armed forces.
On 12 January, the General Cadre Department promulgated the "Work Plan for Assessing Military Ranks," which made specific arrangements and arrangements for the work of assessing military ranks for cadres at all levels. Among them, it is proposed that the military rank above the rank of lieutenant general shall be determined by the ** Military Commission in advance in January 1955. The "Plan" requires all units of the armed forces to revise and supplement the previous appraisal of cadres' ranks, and to make up for the newly promoted cadres. The rank of general officer should be submitted to the Military Commission for evaluation before the end of April, and then submitted to the Prime Minister for approvalAfter the military ranks of cadres at all levels have been approved, the uniforms should complete the formalities for conferring them before 1 August, and order them to be conferred on 1 August.
On January 23, the ** Military Commission issued the "Instructions on the Evaluation of Military Ranks", which pointed out in the "Instructions" in the relevant evaluation standards: WhereasIn 1952, the criteria for assessing the rank of cadres were:Measure the cadre's current position by virtue and abilityIt is consistent with the conditions for awarding ranks, so the assessment of military ranks should be based mainly on the level of cadres and with reference to the regulations on the establishment of military ranks.
As for cadres at the corps level, they can be rated as generals at the corps level;Some of them can be rated as generals at the deputy corps level, and some can be rated as lieutenant generals;Most of the quasi-corps level can be rated as lieutenant generals, and a few can be rated as major generals. In addition, some full-time military ranks and a small number of senior deputy military and quasi-military ranks can be evaluated as lieutenant generals.
The evaluation criteria for the rank of major general stipulate that most of them can be rated as major generals at the rank of regular army, deputy army rank, and quasi-army rank, and some senior and distinguished division ranks can also be rated as major generals.
In February 1955, the evaluation of generals for the first phase of active officers of the ** Military Commission came to an end。According to the evaluation plan of the Central Military Commission, after the candidates for generals are preliminarily determined, the evaluation of the ranks of lieutenant general and major general will become the focus of the evaluation work of the whole army in the next stage.
* After the issuance of the "Instructions on the Assessment of Military Ranks" of the Military Commission, according to the instructions on the issueThe policy of assessing the ranks of cadres on the basis of military ranks and in accordance with the conditions of morality, talent, and seniorityOn February 9, the General Political Department and the General Cadre Department jointly proposed to adjust the "army level" of 123 low-level cadres at or above the regular army level and submit them to the CCP for approval. Among them, 22 were promoted from the deputy corps level to the regular corps level, 35 were promoted from the quasi-corps level to the deputy corps level, and 66 were promoted from the regular army level to the quasi-corps level. Although the list was not approved by the Politburo of *** and ** in the end, judging from the subsequent awards, the personnel in the list were basically assessed as the corresponding military ranks according to the reported ranks.
In February 1955, the party committees of all major units of the army submitted a list of lieutenant generals and major generals to be evaluated. According to the compilation of the General Cadre Department, a total of 197 people were reported to be evaluated as lieutenant generals, plus 5 people who were originally reported as generals were rerated as lieutenant generals (deputy corps cadres Guo Huaruo, Mo Wenhua, Cheng Shicai, Li Tianhuan, and quasi-corps cadre He Bingyan).A total of 202 people will be selected for evaluation。Among them, there are 21 people at the deputy corps level, 59 people at the quasi-corps level, 108 people at the regular army level, 9 people at the deputy army level, 1 person at the quasi-army level, and 4 people at the local levelReportedThe number of major generals to be evaluated is 1,120In this list, there are more than 300 people at the regular army level and deputy army level, 360 people at the quasi-army level, and 446 people at the division level.
After the list was reported, it was believed that the list of lieutenant generals exceeded 200 and the number of major generals exceeded 1,100, and the number of places was somewhat large, so the number of lieutenant generals and major generals was reduced and reduced, and the number of places in the evaluation was required to be controlled at about 190 and the number of major generals at about 800. He also proposed that all units of the army should do the work, first, let some comrades voluntarily come down;The second is to let the young comrades give way, and there will be opportunities for adjustment in the future.
According to the opinions of the General Cadres Department and the Cadre Department of the General Political Department, the list submitted by the major units was reviewed and repeatedly weighed one by one. For the personnel to be evaluated as lieutenant generals, the head of the General Cadre Department personally presided over the study and discussion one by one, and asked the Military Commission for instructions at any time. For the assessment of the level of major generals, the two deputy ministers of the General Cadre Department, Lai Chuanzhu and Xu Liqing, Xiao Hua, deputy director of the General Political Department and head of the Political Cadre Department, and Wang Zonghuai, the first deputy director of the Cadre Department of the General Political Department, are responsible for the problem.
After full discussion and work with major units, some of those who originally submitted to the proposed general were automatically demoted to major generals. While increasing the number of lieutenant generals by 2, the number of lieutenant generals will be reduced by 14, and the number of lieutenant generals who actually participate in the evaluation will be 190.
After reporting the list in February, Mr. He's opinion was sought, and Yang Xiushan was proposed. **Two people were added to the list in the proposed evaluation, one is Yang Xiushan, and the other is the well-known Pi Dingjun.
Reduced by 14 people
Quasi-corps level (2 people): Wang Enmao (local cadres will not participate in the first phase of the evaluation of active duty officers for the time being, and will be evaluated after the evaluation of active duty officers);Yuan Yelie.
Regular army level (6 people): Tong Lusheng, Zhan Huayu, Liu Qiren, ** Kai, Duan Huanjing, Long Daoquan.
Deputy military level (5 people): Deng Keming, Tang Guanghui, Li Chiran, Tan Youming, Yang Zongsheng.
Quasi-military level (1 person): Liu Shaoqing.
Except for Wang Enmao, who will not participate in the evaluation for the time being, the rest have entered the list of major generals to be evaluated.
Yang Zongsheng was later rated as a colonel for various reasons (these will be written later), and it is wrong to list Yang Zongsheng as a corps-level cadre in some people's articles about discussing the low rating of colonel.
The Meteorological Bureau of the Military Commission was reorganized under the Government Affairs Yuan, and Tu Changwang was unable to participate in the awarding of titles, take a look at the awarding of titles of 146 corps-level (army rating) cadres by the end of 1954:
There are 37 people at the regular corps level (including Song Renqiang, who was changed from the fourth-level set of local administration to the regular corps level of the army in 1954, and Wang Jian'an, who was demoted to the deputy corps level in June 1954), of which,Xu Guangda and Wang Shusheng were awarded generals, and Xu Liqing resigned as generals and was awarded lieutenant generals, and the remaining 34 people were awarded generals (including Wang Jian'an, who was awarded the rank of general in 1956).
45 deputy corps-level cadres (including Tan Xilin, who returned to China from the ambassador to the Czech Republic at the end of 1954 and was reassigned to the military), of which Tu Changwang was not awarded the military rankHe Jinnian was awarded a major general for the Gao Rao case, the rest were awarded the rank of general and lieutenant general (20 generals, 23 lieutenant generals, including Li Jukui, who was awarded the rank of general in 1958, and He Cheng, who was awarded the rank of lieutenant general).
64 generals of the rank of the bridle corps, of whichHe Bingyan was awarded the rank of general, Song Yuhe, Zhang Zhixiang, Zhou Junming, Zhang Kai, Zhou Wenlong 5 people, did not participate in the awardChen Yi, Yuan Yelie, Duan Suquan, and Xie Fang were awarded major generals, and the remaining 54 people were awarded lieutenant generals (including Nie Heting, who was awarded lieutenant generals in 1956).
In mid-March 1955, the General Cadre Department held a symposium of cadres and ministers to study and discuss matters related to the evaluation of military ranks, and exchanged views with each other. In addition to implementing the stipulations of the Central Military Commission's "Instructions on the Work of Assessing Military Ranks," a special discussion was held on the issue of assessing cadres at the division level to the rank of major general, and the number of major generals was reduced.
After studying, the cadres and departments unanimously put forward the proposalCadres at the level of a full divisionOne of the following three conditions must be met in order to be rated as a major general
1) Enlisted in the army during the Second Civil Revolutionary War, and currently holds a position at or above the rank of full divisionVirtue and ability are better, or virtue is averageThose who have served in regiments and divisions for a long time(In 1940, he was a former regimental officer, in 1946, and in 1949, he was a regular teacher).
2) During the Second Civil Revolutionary War, he was in the army and held a position at or above the division levelVirtue is senior(During the Civil War, the number of years of service listed in (1) shall not be lower than those listed in (1) during the Civil Waror have made meritorious achievements), but are currently slightly weaker (or weaker) due to age, physical, cultural and other conditions.
3) The early days of the Anti-Japanese WarHe is currently in a military-level position, and he has excellent political integrity and integrity, those who have served in regimental and division positions for a long time (not less than the years of service listed in (1)).
On April 1, 1955, the General Cadre Department reported the above discussion to the Military Commission and to the Communist Party of China. After deliberation with the Central Military Commission, the General Cadre Department approved the three conditions for conferring the rank of major general at the division level.
In accordance with the Central Military Commission's instructions on the evaluation of titles and the three conditions for the award of major generals to personnel at the full division level who have been approved, the General Cadre Department began the evaluation of lieutenant generals and major generals in early April after the Central Military Commission had basically determined the candidates for generals. After a comprehensive review, the number of lieutenant generals was reduced to 190, while the number of major generals was reduced by 300 to 820. Because of the compression of the number of lieutenant generals, 13 people (excluding Wang Enmao) will enter the list of major generals to be evaluated from the proposed evaluation, and because Pi Dingjun is "less promoted to the middle school" and Yang Xiushan is promoted from major general to lieutenant general, 311 people in the original list of 1120 major generals to be evaluated are actually unsuccessful.
After the revised candidates for 190 lieutenant generals and 820 major generals were determined, the General Cadre Department submitted the revised list of major generals and above to the ** Military Commission for examination in early May 1955. **The Central Military Commission held a meeting on May 6 and preliminarily approved the list of major generals and aboveAfter deliberation, the list will be sent back to the General Cadre Department for further review. The General Cadre Department's list of major generals after deliberation by the General Military Committee was sent to the party committees of all major units to solicit opinions againAfter receiving the list of major generals reviewed by the Central Military Commission, the major units restarted the assessment work.
** The leaders of the General Cadre Department were convened to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the candidates for lieutenant generals, and the number of lieutenant generals was compressed, and the number of lieutenant generals was finally determined to be 177. 13 people were unsuccessfulFor:
Quasi-corps level: Nie Heting (because of the opinions on being rated as a lieutenant general, it was decided to criticize and educate him, and the title was suspended).
Regular military level: Liu Juying, Yi Yaocai, Su Jin, Li Yingxi, Gu Jingsheng, Luo Huasheng, Guo Bingkun, Jin Rubai, Lu Ruilin, He Yixiang.
Deputy military level: Tan Youlin, Zhang Xiulong.
Except for Nie Heting, the remaining 12 people were re-rated from the original proposed lieutenant general to major general, so the original 820 major general candidates have been compressed in a new round.
In accordance with the instructions of local cadres not to participate in the evaluation of the first phase of active duty officersFeng Baiju (administrative level 7), a representative of the Qiongya Column, and Zhou Baozhong (administrative level 6), a representative of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation, were unable to continue to participate in the evaluation。Zhuang Tian was awarded lieutenant general as a representative of the Qiongya Column and the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guizhou Border Column, and because Yang Jingyu, Zhao Shangzhi and a large number of senior generals of the Anti-Japanese Federation were martyred after taking the lead, General Li Zhaolin was assassinated by Kuomintang agents, and the only surviving General Zhou Baozhong did not participate in the evaluation because he went to work in the local area, so only 7 people who were born in the Anti-Japanese Federation were not awarded the rank of lieutenant general or above, including Wang Minggui and Wang Xiaoming, were awarded major generals (excluding the two major generals who were promoted in 61 and 64).
In May 1955, the assessment of officers and major generals on active duty was basically completed. A total of 10 generals, 52 generals, 175 lieutenant generals, and 820 major generals were assessed for the first phase of active duty officers, totaling 1,057 officers in the first phase of active duty officers. Subsequently, the General Cadre Department submitted the revised list of 175 lieutenant generals and 820 major generals to the ** Military Commission.
Because the Minister of National Defense led a delegation to visit the country, he presided over the meeting of the Central Military Commission instead of the first batch of officers on active duty.
From May to June, the first phase of the evaluation of the ranks of officers on active duty entered the review stage, and the General Cadre Department sent the list of major generals back to all major units to solicit the opinions of the major military regions on the revised list of major generals. At the same time, ** was also responsible for presiding over the review of the candidates for lieutenant generals. After the list of lieutenant generals assessed by the first phase of active officers was implemented, the list of lieutenant generals was sent to the members of the Central Military Commission to solicit their opinions and views on the candidates for lieutenant generals.
In May 1955, it was decided to establish the Ministry of Petroleum Industry, and Li Jukui was transferred from the army as the minister and Zhou Wenlong as the vice minister. At this time, Li Jukui and Zhou Wenlong had been assessed by the Central Military Commission as generals and lieutenant generals respectively, and because they were transferred to local work, Li Jukui and Zhou Wenlong were not awarded titles for the time being.
* When reviewing the list of lieutenant generals, in view of the fact that Zhou Wenlong would not be awarded the title of lieutenant general when he worked in the local area, it was proposed that Liang Congxue should be awarded the rank of lieutenant general. Liang Congxue fought bravely, made many military exploits, was wounded 9 times, and was known as Liang Laohu. In 1950, when he was the commander of the Northern Anhui Military Region, he recuperated due to injury and illness. Initially, according to the stipulation that cadres on sick leave should not participate in the first phase of military evaluation, Liang Congxue was not selected into the list of generals and officers of the East China Military Region. It can be said that Xu Haidong, who was recuperating due to illness, was rated as a general, which made a good start for many outstanding officers who had made outstanding military achievements and were recuperating due to injuries and illnesses to be awarded military ranks. For example, Lin Ziyuan, the outstanding second battalion commander who led his troops to fight thousands of miles in the May Day anti-sweep in Jizhong, fought seven battles in a row, and was as high as more than 90% and the team did not collapse, was also awarded a colonel in 1955.
By the end of June 1955, the review work was basically completed, and a total of 175 lieutenant generals and 808 major generals were assessed, and they were reported to the ** Military Commission in early July.
On July 11, 1955, the ** Military Commission held a meeting to review and determine the list of active military personnel with the titles of major general and above, of which 175 were awarded the rank of lieutenant general and 808 were major generals.
After the work of evaluating the ranks of officers on active duty, the Central Military Commission and the General Cadre Department began the work of evaluating the titles of local cadres concurrently holding military posts and the review of the generals of the uprising and minority nationalities.
On July 14, 1955, the General Cadre Department submitted to the Central Military Commission the issue of the evaluation and awarding of military ranks to 43 local responsible cadres, of which it was recommended that 5 people should be assessed and awarded military ranks, 22 provincial party secretaries and 7 other people, a total of 29 people, were only assessed for military ranks but not awarded, and several others were awarded reserve ranks. With regard to the awarding of titles to local cadres, it was decided that, for the sake of care, all local cadres who participated in the 1952 military rating and who are currently in actual positions in the army will be awarded the rank of active service. By the decision of the ** Military Commission, Wang Enmao, who is currently the commander and political commissar of the Xinjiang Military Region, conferred the rank of lieutenant general on active duty (and awarded a medal), and added the deputy commander of the ** Military Region, Duoga. Phuntsok Raojie was given the rank of lieutenant general, and the number of lieutenant generals was raised from 175 to 177.
On August 2, 1955, the ** Military Commission approved the list of major generals and above. On the same day, the Minister of National Defense reported to the Ministry of Defense the "Report on the Evaluation of Military Ranks at and above the Major General Level," which proposed that the number of major generals was 808, with 177 lieutenant generals and 56 generals. **After review, the list of instructions and awards will be issued to all members of the Politburo.
On August 19, 1955, the Politburo held a meeting and approved the list of major generals and above.
On the afternoon of September 3, 1955, under the chairmanship of the director of the General Political Department and head of the General Cadre Department, the Military Commission held a summary meeting on the work of awarding titles. ** and so on. At the meeting, the list of personnel above the rank of major general was read out, of which the list of major generals was 808, the list of lieutenant generals was 177, and the list of generals was 56.
When the list of major generals is submitted to *** for approval, it will be decided that the number of personnel will be at least further reduced.
The pre-awarded generals Xu Liqing and Liao Hansheng took the initiative to apply for demotion, and the two were rerated to lieutenant generals, and the number of generals was reduced to 54. According to the instructions of the General Cadre Department, the list of lieutenant generals was compressed, and after research, the original list of lieutenant generals was reduced Xie Fang, Chen Yi, Duan Suquan, and Lu Rencan 4 people, and it was finally determined that the list of lieutenant generals was increased by Xu Liao 2 people and 4 people including Xie Fang, and the list of lieutenant generals was 175 people. For the reduction of the post of major general, the General Cadre Department has made special provisions after study:Some quasi-military personnel who participated in the revolution during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and were able to be awarded the rank of major general according to their rank were not among the first batch to be awarded the rank of major general for the time being, and will be discussed in the second batch。In accordance with this provision, 11 quasi-military personnel, including Gurry, who enlisted in the army during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression were reassigned to the rank of colonel by major generals, and the list of major generals was determined from the original 808 to 801, of which the major generals were partially includedThe four people who are to be reassigned to major generals in the evaluation: Xie Fang, Chen Yi, Duan Suquan, and Lu Rencan.
On September 16, 1955, he presided over the 18th plenary meeting of the Ministry of National Defense to review the "List of Generals" submitted by the Ministry of National Defense. After deliberation, 174 people were approved, and He Bingyan was promoted from lieutenant general to general, and the list of generals was determined to be 55Wu Xianen was promoted from major general to lieutenant general, and the list of lieutenant generals is still 175;As for the list of major generals, after deliberation at the meeting, three were reduced: one was promoted to lieutenant general (Wu Xian'en), one was transferred to a local area without being awarded (Li Keru), and one died of illness (Zhu Zaoguan), and the number of major generals was finally determined to be 798.
According to the decision of the first meeting, on September 20, 1955, the General Cadre Department reprinted the "List of Marshals and Generals" and reported it to ***, including 10 marshals, 10 generals, 55 generals, and 798 major generals. On September 27, 1955, the Prime Minister signed an award order, conferring the rank of lieutenant general on 175 people including Xu Liqing, and 798 people including Xie Fang on the rank of major general.
According to the "List of Marshals and Generals" on September 20, 1955, the 175 lieutenant generals are ranked as follows:
(1) Lieutenant General (1 person):
Xu Liqing. (2) Lieutenant generals at the deputy corps level (22 people):
1) Departments of the Military Commission: Xiao Xiangrong, Zhang Jingwu, Zhang Zhen, Liu Zhijian, Yan Kuyao, Zhong Chibing, Tang Tianji;
2) All branches of the Military Commission: Tan Xilin, Mo Wenhua, Liu Daosheng, Tao Yong, Wu Faxian, Cheng Jun, Cheng Shicai, Li Tianhuan;
3) Major military regions and volunteers of the Military Commission: Liao Hansheng, Guo Huaruo, Tang Yanjie, Zhang Nansheng, Du Yide, Wang Bicheng, Wang Jinshan.
(3) Lieutenant generals of the corps level (53 people):
1) Headquarters of the Military Commission (10 people): Wan Yi, Wang Zhen, Sun Yi, Zhu Ming, Wang Zonghuai, Cai Shunli, Qiu Huizuo, Zhang Lingbin, Rao Zhengxi, Ni Zhiliang;
2) Military Commission colleges and universities (2 people): Liang Biye, Li Zuopeng;
3) All branches of the Military Commission (15 people): Zhao Qimin, Fang Qiang, Luo Shunchu, Wang Bingzhang, Luo Yuanfa, Nie Fengzhi, Cao Lihuai, Zhou Chiping, Qiu Chuangcheng, Kuang Yumin, Xiang Zhonghua, Tan Jiashu, Li Shouxuan, Cui Tianmin, Ouyang Yi;
4) Major Military Regions and Volunteers of the Military Commission (26 people): Xian Henghan, Wang Enmao, Zhang Guohua, Xiao Wangdong, Ding Qiusheng, Lai Yi, Kuang Rennong, Lin Weixian, Zhou Guan.
5. Liu Xiansheng, Liu Peishan, Peng Jiaqing, Huang Mars, Liu Xingyuan, Wen Niansheng, Zhan Caifang, Liang Xingchu, Wu Kehua, Bi Zhanyun, Chen Zhengxiang, Peng Mingzhi, Yao Zhe, Du Ping, Gan Weihan, Zeng Siyu, Zheng Weishan.
(4) Regular army level (96 people):
1) The headquarters of the Military Commission (12 people): Wang Shangrong, Su Jing, Liu Shaowen, Liu Xiyuan, Kong Shiquan, Yuan Ziqin, Fu Lianhuan, Han Zhenji, Li Yao, Deng Yifan, Tang Ping, **
2) Military Commission colleges and universities (10 people): Chen Qingxian, Liu Zhong, Sun Jixian, Zhang Fan, Xu Binzhou, Wei Jie, Teng Haiqing, Zhuang Tian, Liu Haotian, Yang Xiushan;
3) All branches of the Military Commission (17 people): Zhou Xihan, Dun Xingyun, Zhou Renjie, Kang Zhiqiang, Fang Zhengping, Rao Shoukun, Wang Huiqiu, Chang Qiankun, Zeng Guohua, Zhu Huizhao, Yu Lijin, Wu Fushan, Huang Zhiyong, Hu Qicai, Zhou Biao, Peng Lin, Liu Changyi
4) Military Regions and Volunteers of the Military Commission (57 people): Han Liancheng, Zhang Xianyue, Guo Peng, Liu Jinxuan, Zhang Dazhi, Zhong Hanhua, Qin Jiwei, Kong Congzhou, Fan Chaoli, Tan Guan.
3. Li Chengfang, Chen Kang, Zhang Caiqian, Zhang Yixiang, Qin Jian, Bao Xianzhi, Pi Dingjun, Zhou Zhijian, Zhang Zuliang, Liao Rongbiao, Liu Fei, Liang Congxue, Qian Jun, Zhang Renchu, Rao Zijian, Chen Renqi, Yang Guofu, Yan Fusheng, Wu Ruilin, Yang Meisheng, Tian Weiyang, Ouyang Wen, Zhang Chiming, Liu Zhuanlian, Kong Qingde, Tan Furen, He Dequan, Xu Shenji, Han Wei, Yuan Shengping, Wang Daobang, Wang Zifeng, Zhao Rong, Xiao Xinhuai, Wu Xinquan, Zhou Yucheng, Zeng Zesheng, Wen Yucheng, Zeng Shaoshan, Chen Xianrui, Kuang Fuzhao, Li Xue.
3. Xie Youfa, Zhang Tianyun, Lu Sheng, Huang Xinting, Wu Xianen.
(5) Lieutenant generals without army rank (3):
Saifuddin Aizezi (Administration**), Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme (Administration Level 7), Doga Phuntsok Raogyal (Administration Level 7).
798 major generals, of which, 1 person at the deputy corps level:He Jinnian；4 people at the level of the brigadier regiment:Chen Yi, Yuan Yelie, Duan Suquan, Xie Fang;106 people at the regular army level;216 people at the rank of deputy army;344 people at the paramilitary level;125 at the level of full division;There are 2 people without army rank: Wang Dongxing (military straight), Huang Zhengqing (former Northwest Military Region).
Due to space constraints, the list of major generals was omitted.
For a long time, people have not had much objection to the ranking of the list of major generals ranked first, and the most controversial is the ranking of the list of lieutenant generals, and the reason for tracing back is mainly due to the "List of Generals and Commanders of the Chinese People's Liberation Army" published by the People's Liberation Army Publishing House in June 1986 Level 1-3, which includes lieutenant generals in order of stroke by surname.
At present, there are three officially recognized versions of the ranking of lieutenant generals.
The first version is to sort according to the list submitted for approval (i.e., the list above), which is according to the military rank of the lieutenant general, according to the rank of the regular corps, deputy corps, quasi-corps, and regular army, according to the rank of the high and low, and those without military rank rank are ranked last on the list of lieutenant generals. Second, those with the same rank in the list of lieutenant generals are listed in the order of the organs of the Central Military Commission, the organs of the General Headquarters, military academies, branches of the armed forces, military academies, major military regions, and volunteer armies, as well as the order in which they hold posts.
The second version is sorted by major military units. At that time, the ranking of military units was the first Central Military Commission organ, the General Staff Department, the Training Director Department, the General Political Department, the General Cadre Department, the General Logistics Department, the General Finance Department, the Armed Forces Supervision Department, the Navy, the Air Force, the Air Defense Force, the Public Security Force, the Artillery, the Armored Corps, the Engineering Corps, the Railway Corps, the Military Academy, the Political Academy, the Logistics Academy, the Senior Infantry School, the Senior Artillery School and the Military Court, and then the six major military regions (which developed into the 13 military regions around September 1955), and finally the Volunteer Army and other organs. According to this order, Liao Hansheng ranked first in the Military Commission, and the title was also awarded in this order.
The third version is based on the number of the 169 lieutenant generals who received the Order of Liberation of the First Class, and the other 6 lieutenant generals who were not awarded the Order of Liberation of the First Class are listed in their units according to their positions at that time. In September 1955, the award was carried out at the same time as the award. In the first award, 169 of the 175 lieutenant generals of the Republic were awarded the Order of Liberation of the 1st degree. The order of awarding medals to the major units of the whole army is as follows: the general departments of the Central Military Commission, all branches of the armed forces, all major military regions, all academies and academies, and local and sick retired personnel, and the three ethnic minorities of Xinjiang and ** are the last to be awarded the first-class liberation medals. Of the three people in the Military Commission at that time, Liao Hansheng was studying Xi at the Military Academy, so his medal number was No. 02093, ranking last among the 31 lieutenant generals at the headquarters of the Military Commission;Zhang Jingwu served as the secretary of the **Working Committee and the **People's Representative in **, and his medal number is 02092;Xiao Xiangrong, who ranks third among lieutenant generals in the Military Commission, has a medal number No. 02022 and ranks first among all lieutenant generals.
Looking back at the first award of titles in 1955, the "mountain" factor had to be considered more or less for the generals, and the evaluation of lieutenant generals and major generals was more mainly based on the military rating in 1952. WhileThe criteria for the rating of the army are:Measure the cadre's current position by virtue and ability
In March 1952, the People's Revolutionary Military Committee issued it"Instructions for Assessing the Grades of Cadres at All Levels"., expressly ordering the entire army of the People's Liberation Army to assess a unified army levelThe establishment of a hierarchical system of cadres and the introduction of a salary system to replace the supply system laid the foundation for the subsequent introduction of the military rank system。The "Rank Instructions" set the rank of cadres of the ninth class and twenty-one ranks, and set the chief and deputy squad leaders and soldiers of the second class. The whole army fromThe highest level of the chairman of the military commissar to the rank of ordinary soldiersA total of 11 and 24 grades.
** In 1951, there was an incisive exposition at the Southwest Military Region Cadre Work Conference: "A very old regiment commander who can't do any work is a colonel class, he can get a colonel's salary, and if he doesn't do things, he will have no opinion, which is better than occupying a pit and not." "In just a few dozen words, let's put itThe relationship between military rank and position, seniority, and treatmentExplain it clearly.
Just figure it outThe main purpose of the 1952 army rating was to introduce a salary system, then it is not difficult to understand the assessment of military ranks based on the rating of the army.
In every sense of the wordIn the overall measurement of virtue and talent, the proportion of virtue is undoubtedly the largest。He Jinnian, who was originally a proper general, was awarded a major general because he was too close to Gao Gang. Brigadier regimental levelChen Yi, Yuan Yelie, Duan Suquan, due to the fact that ** or the troops were dispersed and hid in the countryside, lost contact with the organization, and also had to accept the major general.
In this regard, many people will think that Zhong Wei fought very fiercely, and the major general was awarded a low award. However, in the 1940 battle between Da and Xiaowushan, Zhong Wei, political commissar of the 3rd Regiment of the Henan-Hubei Advance Column of the New Fourth Army, disobeyed the command, did not ask for instructions, and withdrew the troops without authorization, resulting in the headquarters of the Hubei Advance Column in distress, and Zhong Wei was criticized and dismissed after the war. On the part of virtue, he owes something。In addition, Zhong Wei held a lower position during the Red ArmyThere is still a lack of resources in this area。Therefore, Zhong Wei's major general mainly relied on his talent, and he became the commander of the column because of his outstanding talent.
Regarding the major general of the quasi-corps-level liberation party, the easiest thing to understand is that he joined the Eighth Route Army after the Anti-Japanese War, and has been engaged in staff work for a long time, and failed to obtain combat merits as a military commander. This aspect of capital has become a shortcoming.
There is a colonel Yang Shangkun who is not known to many people, he is an old Red Army, he broke through the Wujiang River during the Long March and made great contributions, and he was the chief of staff of the first main regiment of Jinchaji in the battle of Loess Ridge. However, dissatisfied with his failure to concurrently serve as the head of the regiment as the chief of staff of the branch, he ran away without permission and was shot by others who were with him after being recovered, and he was not punished with the heaviest punishment only because of a telegram from the highest level in Yan'an. He did not hold any more important positions after that, and was finally awarded the rank of colonel, mainly because of this piece of seniority, and on the part of virtue, the heroes in the early stage and the exodus in the later period were basically offset (in general,The credit for getting the Red Army out of danger is still great
Regarding the criteria for assessing military ranks, many people have a misunderstanding and confuse job title with military rank. You must know that the military rank is only the rank of the officer, and the position he holds is only a reference for him to be awarded the rank.
I can't help but think of Yue Fei and Han Shizhong written in the previous article. Dispatch is the actual position held in the army, the official rank is the military rank, different official ranks correspond to the corresponding official products, according to the official products to pay the corresponding salary, the official mail, honorary titles, etc. is a virtual reward, used to pull out the official character of the ** member to obtain higher treatment. Therefore, although Yue Fei led a large number of soldiers and held the same military positions (dispatches) as Han Shizhong, Zhang Jun and others (all of them were under the control of the capital), his official rank (military rank) and official character (salary grade) were lower than those of Han Shizhong and othersGai is only because Yue Fei's qualifications are not as deep as theirs, and he has no merit for the dragon to stand up.
Overall,Virtue is the most important, if you have to compare it with seniority in the evaluation of military ranks, it seems that seniority is more important. If you don't understand it well, please turn it up and look at Comrade Xiaoping's words again.