In 1982, Brezhnev's funeral was attended by 32 heads of state
When the People's Republic of China was founded, its foreign policy used to be "one-sided." As a close ally of China, the Soviet Union once gave China a lot of support and help. After the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, this relationship came to an abrupt end.
At that time, Khrushchev tried to carry out reforms, but the influence of the Stalin era was still far-reaching, making it difficult for Khrushchev to make a difference. He denied Stalin's actions at the congress, but this move did not meet with China's approval and instead led to a rift in Sino-Soviet relations.
In order to push for reforms, the Soviet Union began to expand massively, turning its attention to China. In 1958, the Soviet Union proposed the establishment of a condominium of long-wave radio stations and a common fleet on Chinese territory and territorial waters, posing a threat to China's sovereignty. This move is clearly not for the sake of win-win, but more like an attempt to control China.
Against the backdrop of the rapid deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations, diplomatic tensions have become increasingly apparent. In August 1959, a conflict broke out on the Sino-Indian border, and the Soviet Union chose to side with India. In the following September, in order to force China to compromise, Khrushchev even made overtures to the United States and joined the United States in exerting pressure on China.
In October 1964, after Khrushchev**, China's internal and external situation began to change. At this critical juncture, China is eagerly awaiting a new leader who will return to the path of communism. This expectation prompted China to send its prime minister to the Soviet Union to participate in the celebration of the October Revolution, hoping to use this opportunity to improve relations between the two countries.
Things didn't go as smoothly as expected. Brezhnev was not impressed by China's goodwill gestures, and instead of reciprocating China's goodwill, he stepped up his military deployment to China's border areas, which made China feel threatened.
With the restoration of the Stalinist policies of the Brezhnev regime, Sino-Soviet relations were completely broken. Later, during the Sino-Vietnamese War, the Soviet Union fully supported Vietnam's provocative actions against China, which led to large-scale armed conflicts between China and the Soviet Union in 1969 on the Ussuri River and Xinjiang.
It took only 11 years for Sino-Soviet relations to go from the Cold War to the outbreak of armed conflict, and the once friendly alliance was completely broken. Although Brezhnev was at odds with China, he did not join the ranks of China, which became a bridge between the two countries.
In the Soviet political arena, a young soldier named Leonid Brezhnev served his country in obscurity. The political situation at that time was unpredictable, and no one could have imagined that he would become the future leader of the Soviet Union.
By chance, he received Khrushchev's attention and help. Impressed by his talent and loyalty, Khrushchev elected him to the Presidium, which was a miraculous promotion for an ordinary rear serviceman.
Brezhnev's political career was not without its challenges. Over time, some of his reckless actions began to cause discontent within the Soviet Union. Especially in the later period of Khrushchev's administration, his actions caused a lot of controversy, which made him fall into some political difficulties.
Eventually, while Khrushchev was away on vacation, Brezhnev was chosen as the new leader within the Soviet Union. They "invited" Khrushchev back under the pretext that he needed to return to Moscow for a meeting, and then at a meeting of the Presidium of the CPSU **, Khrushchev submitted a retirement statement. This change changed the political landscape of the Soviet Union and had a profound impact on international politics.
After Khrushchev retired, Brezhnev officially took over as the leader of the new generation. He is an elected leader of the privileged class, and all his actions serve the privileged class. He denied all of Khrushchev's contributions in order to win hearts and minds. Brezhnev believed that the Soviet Union was in trouble because it had undergone too many changes, so he denied Khrushchev's reforms and chose to inherit the Stalin model.
Under Brezhnev's leadership, the Soviet Union once had the upper hand in the arms race, but this also laid the foundation for the collapse of the Soviet Union. He abolished Khrushchev's cadre rotation system and restored the tenure system and appointment system. This led to serious corruption within the USSR, to which Brezhnev took an inaction.
Although Brezhnev contributed to the development of the Soviet economy in his later years, the problem of internal corruption became increasingly serious, causing popular discontent and an aggravation of internal contradictions. Brezhnev's reverence for the privileged class prevented him from effectively dealing with corruption, which was one of the reasons for the serious internal problems of the Soviet Union under his rule.
Leonid Brezhnev, the leader of the Soviet Union, his ascent is legendary. At first, he was just an ordinary rear soldier, but with the support of Khrushchev, he quickly rose to prominence, won the favor of Stalin, and was elected to the Presidium of the CPSU.
Later in Khrushchev's administration, Brezhnev offended many for his recklessness and was eventually elected leader in the internal elections of the Soviet Union. At the funeral, the heads of state of 32 countries and many important international figures, including the prime minister of France, the prime minister of India, and Afghanistan, came to pay their respects, and even the United States, which is an enemy of the Soviet Union, sent a delegation.
In China, the dispatch of Brezhnev's funeral became the focal point. In the end, China decided to send Huang Hua as its representative, which was in recognition of Huang Hua's extraordinary diplomatic talents.
Huang Hua graduated from Yenching University and was a leader before becoming a diplomatic elite in New China. He excelled in diplomatic negotiations and was praised as one of the most talented diplomats in New China. During his visit to the Soviet Union, Huang Hua received extremely high treatment and met with Soviet leader Andropov, playing a positive role in the improvement of Sino-Soviet relations.
Unlike Brezhnev, Andropov was a leader committed to reforming the ills of the Soviet Union, and he embarked on a disciplined and internal reform with a pragmatic approach. He was in power for a relatively short time, dying of illness after only 15 months, leaving behind Mikhail Gorbachev, the last leader of the Soviet Union. Gorbachev came to power with more radical reforms, which eventually led to the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Brezhnev and Andropov had different governing styles and policies, but both had a profound impact on the Soviet Union. Their story is also an important chapter in the history of the Soviet Union, showing the country's glory and transformation on the international stage.
In the long river of Sino-Soviet relations, there is a saying that has been praised by people: "The red giant of the past is declining, and the sleeping dragon of the East is awakening." ”
The Soviet Union was our mentor, who showed us the path to industrialization and guided us on the journey of socialism. When the time came for the collapse of the Soviet Union, this former teacher also became a wake-up call for us.
The extremely high-standard treatment received by China's delegation to Brezhnev's funeral is undoubtedly a clear proof of China's rise in comprehensive national strength at that time.
History tells us that backwardness is bound to be bullied, and this is not just an empty phrase. In the international arena, we must continue to work hard to protect our interests and establish our position.
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