In the digital era, the promotion and application of intelligent dam engineering technology will boost the continuous innovation of dam engineering technology in China and promote the engineering construction of water conservancy and hydropower industry to a new level.
The picture shows the Youjiang Baise Water Conservancy Project, which won the 5th International Milestone Project Award for RCC Dam.
RCC dam is the most popular hydropower dam solution at present and in the future due to its large overload capacity, low cement consumption, less preparation work, and large silo construction. Up to now, more than 860 RCC dams have been built in the world, and the Basha Dam under construction in Pakistan will set a new global dam height record for RCC dams with a dam height of 272 meters.
As a hydropower powerhouse, based on the new requirements of responding to climate change and high-quality hydropower development, China has continuously explored technological innovation in dam engineering such as RCC dams. In the view of industry experts, in the digital era, the promotion and application of intelligent dam engineering technology will boost the continuous innovation of China's dam engineering technology and promote the engineering construction of the water conservancy and hydropower industry to a new level.
Crack the concrete dam
The world problem of "no dam and no crack".
Up to now, more than 300 RCCs have been built and under construction in China, accounting for 1 3 of the world's total RCC dams, making outstanding contributions to the progress of RCC dam construction technology in the world.
Jiao Yong, chairman of the China Dam Engineering Society, recently introduced at the "9th International Symposium on RCC Dam and Cemented Dam" that in order to overcome the shortcomings of early RCC dam dam construction technology, China has innovated the technology of combining secondary RCC with RCC and grout vibrating concrete, realizing the efficient and rapid construction of the whole section of RCC dam, and better solving the problem of dam seepage, and innovating the temperature control and anti-cracking technology of RCC dam.
As the height of RCC dams becomes higher and higher, and the volume increases, the heat of hydration increases in the later stage, and the control of concrete temperature cracks has become a worldwide problem. Jiao Yong said that in order to overcome the problem of RCC dam temperature control, China has developed a dynamic prevention and control method for RCC dam crack prevention design and a complete set of intelligent temperature control and crack prevention technology and equipment suitable for complex conditions, so as to realize the full-time and space-time intelligent control of RCC production, warehouse control, water supply and heat preservation. "China has successfully built a 100-meter-level RCC dam without temperature cracks in a severe cold area with an annual extreme temperature difference of 80 degrees Celsius, and has successfully solved the world problem of 'no dam and no crack' for concrete dams. ”
RCC dams have many advantages and are suitable for the construction of high dams or even ultra-high dams, but they also have limitations - they have high requirements for geological conditions and the performance of dam building materials, especially they cannot be built on non-rock foundations. To this end, based on years of practice summary and refinement, China's dam engineering profession proposes a new type of cemented dam, and forms the theory of cemented dam construction in addition to earth-rock dam and concrete dam construction and continuously practiced, so as to form a continuous and complete dam building material spectrum from bulk material to concrete.
Smart Dam
Become a new party**
Zhong Denghua, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that over the past 30 years, China has built more than 40 RCC dams, all of which are more than 100 meters high, and is also constructing or planning to build many RCC dams, including the Guxian Water Conservancy Project. With the development of hydropower stations to high-altitude, high-cold, and high-intensity areas, dam construction is facing more and more complex and challenging technical problems. "How to build a platform that can ensure the long-term safe operation of RCC dams and improve the intelligent level of intelligent construction has become the key to innovation for hydropower builders. Smart dams have become an effective method, which is expected to meet the needs of high-quality construction and long-term safe operation, and is used in large-scale water conservancy and hydropower projects. ”
What is the connotation of a smart dam?Zhong Denghua believes that this new concept is a good response to some of today's engineering problems and leads to future development. "Smart dam is a technical system based on the Internet, artificial intelligence, cloud computing and big data, which can realize real-time management and analysis of the whole weather and life cycle, and can also realize the active and intelligent control of the operation and various states of the dam. ”
The picture shows the Fengman Hydropower Station using RCC dam technology.
From manufacturing to 'intelligent' manufacturing, China is constantly innovating. Jiao Yong told the "China Energy News" reporter that in order to comprehensively strengthen the quality control of RCC dam construction, China's dam builders have developed a set of digital monitoring and intelligent construction technology using a new generation of information technology such as Beidou satellite positioning, artificial intelligence, and big data analysis, which effectively controls the concrete production, warehousing, rolling, heating layer, and impermeable layer construction of RCC dams, and successfully solves the problem of interlayer quality control of RCC dams. "Taking the core sample that can best illustrate the construction quality of RCC dam as an example, the length of the earliest core sample of the pit mouth dam is only more than 60 centimeters, and since the application of digital monitoring and intelligent construction technology, it is not uncommon for RCC dam core samples of more than 20 meters in China. For example, the core sample of Xiangjia Dam has exceeded 22 meters, the core sample of Huangdeng Dam has exceeded 24 meters, and the core sample of Fengshan Reservoir has exceeded 25 meters. ”
In particular, the standardized, standardized and intelligent RCC construction technology of Huangdeng Dam, as well as the research and development of the whole life cycle integration platform, have obtained independent intellectual production, and its research and development results have been popularized and applied in Dahua Bridge, Fengman Reconstruction, Wulonglong, Datengxia and other high-RCC dam projects. Zhang Zongliang, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said.
Under development
More smart products
With the development of a new generation of information technology, the key technologies for the design and construction of ultra-high RCC gravity dams have more room for development.
Zhang Zongliang believes that in terms of comprehensive survey and design technology, we should vigorously research and develop multi-source data fusion and analysis technology in the future, realize the detection and fusion of comprehensive survey data, evaluation fusion, data association, asynchronous information fusion and heterogeneous information fusion, and promote the continuous progress and improvement of comprehensive survey technology of water conservancy and hydropower.
In terms of dam intelligent design optimization, the development of dam intelligent design and intelligent analysis technology can be further promoted. Zhang Zongliang pointed out that in terms of construction technology, it can strengthen the deep integration with BIM and digital twin technology, and realize the optimization of construction methods on the basis of monitoring through intelligent algorithms. “In terms of R&D and application of system platforms, it is necessary to further promote the integrated application of big data, artificial intelligence, mobile Internet, cloud computing, and blockchain technology, and shape a new ecology of localization of design and construction integration technology platforms.
China Energy News reporter learned that China's dam engineering experts are currently planning to develop more intelligent products such as construction robots to better promote the construction of China's water conservancy and hydropower projects to improve quality and efficiency.
Text |Reporter of this newspaper Sunan.