1.Learn the composition of the computer: It is more focused on the description of the hardware, which is the same thing as the notebook you want to buy, so it is necessary to buy a notebook in advance. 2.Learn operating systems: including process management, memory management, file systems, etc., involving software Windows, Linux, VMware virtual machines, docker containers, shell scripting languages. 3.Learn programming languages: use the language of the computer to send commands to the computer, including assembly language, C language programming, high-level languages such as Python or J**A, various integrated development environments, such as Visual Studio, Pycharm, Idea, etc. 4.Learn data structure: The performance of the computer is limited, and a good algorithm can improve the operation efficiency of the software and reduce the waste of computer performance. The learning method is mainly programming practice, algorithm brushing, etc., if you find it difficult to understand, you can also watch the algorithm visual explanation. 5.Learning databases: Now is the era of information big data, for example, an e-commerce company will produce huge commodity data and user data, and learning to organize and manage data is also a necessary skill. Learn the database software MySQL, database SQL language, and use the database client tool n**icat. 6.Learn network knowledge: The computer needs to deal with other computers on the Internet, so it is natural to learn network knowledge, mainly theoretical knowledge, involving some network programming, and using wireshark software to capture packages. 7.Participate in competitions: Winning awards in competitions is of great help to Baoyan, such as ACM Competition, Blue Bridge Cup, Software Cup, Internet +, etc. 8.Extracurricular activities: daily homework and class grabbing, club class group activities, completion projects and defense, job search and graduate school entrance examination resume submission, etc. 9.Computer budget: 3000-6000 yuan, cost-effective, long-term use without card. 
10.Self-study needs: The above are the basic knowledge taught in school, mainly based on the principle of composition and the underlying principle, if you only complete the school course, the programming ability of graduates is very weak, and it is not enough to get a high-paying job (15k or more). If you want to get a high-paying job, you should take the initiative to learn the most cutting-edge knowledge (not in the old school textbooks), and it is highly recommended that you make full use of your laptop and start self-study. 
Data** in the official documentation of the software, these software only have relatively clear requirements for computer memory, only very low requirements for CPU and hard disk, there is no need to write out, and there are almost no requirements for graphics cards. The above are the official configuration requirements, you can send the configuration requirements to the seniors, consult their suggestions, or send them to the roommates to discuss together, and make a choice according to the actual situation, the following is the point of view of this article. Laptop CPU: Although the requirements for computer CPU are very low, you need and should learn cutting-edge new technologies, and naturally have certain requirements for computer performance. Computers with strong CPU performance will be smoother and last longer, look for the following laptop CPU models: mid-range configuration: i5-1340p, r5-7640hs
Mid-to-high-end configuration: i5-13500H, R7-7840H
Why choose the above CPUs?Refer to the notebook CPU performance ranking:
December 2023: Laptop CPU ladder chart, computer processor performance ranking Ultra5 7 Running memory: minimum 16GB recommended, 32GB recommended, running memory is very important for computer majors. Although the memory requirements of a single software are not too high, in practice, we may open multiple software at the same time: project** database virtual machine network middleware various debugging tools Browser search. These add up to a lot of memory, and if you don't have enough memory, your computer will get stuck significantly. 
Hard disk storage can be 512GB or 1TB, programming** are all text, only occupy very little space. Discrete graphics card: Most directions of computer majors have no requirements for the performance of the graphics card, and the integrated graphics card that comes with the notebook can be used, and there is no need for a discrete graphics card. A few directions have requirements for graphics cards: 1 Digital ** technology: 3D modeling rendering and game design, which has high performance requirements for graphics cards, write a separate article. 2. Artificial intelligence: machine learning model training, some simple models can run on the independent graphics card of the local machine, and complex models generally run on the GPU server, and write a separate article. 3. Playing games: Discrete graphics cards can meet the high image quality requirements of 3D games, just choose the top-ranked graphics card, and you don't need to watch games if you don't play. If you're not studying these directions, you don't need to care about the discrete graphics card of your notebook. Portability: Choose a 14-inch thin and light notebook, which is suitable for carrying to the library to study, project presentation, participate in activities and competitions, etc. Computer size: 16-inch computer is recommended, the screen is larger and more suitable for writing**. For example, the common ** editor, 1 file area, 2 ** area, 3 result output area. If the screen is too small, it will be crowded, and there will be less context to browse, and it will not be cool enough to write. 
If portability is a big priority, choose 14 or 13 inches, which is suitable for carrying to the library to study, project presentations, participation in event competitions, etc. Screen resolution: The normal screen is 1080p resolution is also sufficient, and now the popular 25K resolution is more delicate and clear. Pay attention to the pitfalls avoided45%NTSC low color gamut,The color display of this low color gamut screen is inaccurate,Gradually eliminated by the market, there are still a few models in use。 Computer majors often need to stare at the computer screen for a long time, and mainstream first-line brand notebooks generally support DC dimming without flicker, anti-blue light radiation, TUV Rheinland certification, etc., don't buy miscellaneous computers. The most important thing is to relax your eyes often and reduce the damage caused by the light on the screen. According to Moore's Law, the performance of new computers doubles every 18 months, and every three months a better computer hits the market. This article continues to be on **, it is recommended to collect it first, and then see the latest recommendations when you want to buy. To be continued...
Can computer majors use AMD processors?Computer majors are also divided into many directions, if your direction is biased towards the application layer, then there is no problem with AMD, if it is at the bottom, it is recommended to choose Intel compatibility is better. The teachers of the undergraduate are using windows to demonstrate, and often can't follow the teacher's tutorial with mac, many details are different, and it will be a little troublesome to encounter problems, and you need to search for ways to solve them on the Internet. Especially for students who are new to computer science, once they encounter compatibility problems, it is difficult to find a way to solve them. It is not recommended to use a MacBook on the first computer, it is recommended to choose a MacBook on the premise that you already have a Windows computer in hand. Advantages of MacBook: In addition, the appearance of Apple's notebook Quality Control Screen Battery life is very good, the trackpad is very easy to use, there is no need to bring a mouse at all, and macOS is a Unix-like system, which can directly execute commands on the SSH remote server in the native system, which is very convenient. If you are doing software development, the experience of using Mac is not bad, and the mainstream tools of software development have Mac versions. Disadvantages of MacBook: 1 Don't use Windows system on Mac, don't believe the statement that "Apple computers can also install Windows", the optimization of Windows on Mac is not good, and it hurts the computer when running Windows. 2 The memory of the beggar version of the MacBook is only 8ggb, which is not enough to open a virtual machine, and the ** of 16GB is very expensive, not to mention 32GB. 3 There are very few games that can be played on Mac, and even if some games can be played, the operation experience is not very good, and they basically say goodbye to games.