First, the characteristics of the intelligent system of the project
As a nanotechnology R&D building in the park, this project has a large number of intelligent subsystems, advanced functions, high system reliability, and convenient operation and maintenance, which are the basic requirements, and also puts forward high requirements for high-intelligent supervision and high-efficiency service of supervision.
After careful analysis of supervision, the intelligent system of this project mainly has the following characteristics:
1. There are a large number of intelligent subsystems in this project, and there should be the following subsystems:
1) Structured Cabling System (GCS).
2) Communication Network System (CNS).
3) Computer Network Systems (OAS).
4) Cable TV system.
5) Security precaution system (SA).
6) A ** management system.
7) Garage entrance and exit management system.
8) Public and Emergency Broadcasting System (PA&EP).
9) Public and business information display system.
10) Conference system.
The above subsystems are not only independent of each other, but also have to be coordinated, in order to be truly safe and effective, so that the industry is becoming a modern shopping center.
2. The system has advanced functions. This project should make the system have appropriate advancement, advance and easy scalability, can fully meet the needs of the current work, and have appropriate advancement, and stop in moderation, and try to avoid unnecessary waste;It can be easily expanded when needed to meet the needs of future shopping development.
3. High requirements for system reliability. This project puts forward high requirements for the reliability of intelligent systems. For example, network systems, emergency broadcast systems, automatic fire alarm systems, and security systems must ensure reliable operation. Therefore, it is necessary to maximize the safe life cycle of the equipment. To ensure this, the safety and reliability of the system's lightning protection, grounding system, power supply system, and equipment is crucial. The technical requirements of the system design, construction management, operation and maintenance must be carefully considered.
4. Cross-construction of various types of work and mutual influence. Because the intelligent system is a multi-discipline and multi-disciplinary project, it needs to cooperate with strong electricity, civil engineering, decoration, plumbing and other specialties, and the subsystems in the system also need to cooperate. The complex construction of pipelines is a significant feature of this project. The construction of power, communication and control cables needs to be fully considered. Each subcontractor needs to deepen the drawing design and cooperate with the owner, the design institute and the supervisor. Therefore, there are also many requirements for the coordination ability of supervisors.
5. The acceptance specification is updated quickly. At present, the intelligent system technology of buildings is developing rapidly, and the current construction acceptance specifications and quality inspection and evaluation standards are also updated rapidly. Therefore, on-site supervision must be very familiar with the construction acceptance specifications, quality inspection and evaluation standards and design specifications of the current building intelligent systemAt the same time, it is necessary to have rich on-site management experience and technical processing capabilities.
The supervision company mainly relies on the current intelligent building construction, design, inspection and evaluation specifications and related technical standards and the supervision company's weak current engineering supervision implementation rules for supervision.
Second, according to the characteristics, the supervision countermeasures of intelligent system engineering
In view of the characteristics of the project, in addition to the general supervision should do the work, such as the qualification review of the construction unit, the inspection of materials and equipment, the review of the construction plan, the discussion of the secondary design of the drawings, the process inspection and commissioning acceptance. In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the intelligent system, the supervision should focus on the following points:
1. Supervision should be involved in the intelligent system engineering as soon as possible, especially in the intelligent planning and design stage, and it is very important to strengthen supervision. Because compared to construction, this stage is the most malleable. How to plan and how to design involves the technological advancement and reliability of the entire intelligent system, the rationality of investment, the scientificity and practicability of the system function, and the difficulty of future construction. If we ignore the demonstration and supervision at this stage, once we enter the implementation stage, it will inevitably affect the investment, construction period and quality of the entire project.
2. Emphasize the principle of "pre-control". The control of the project by the supervisor is divided into pre-control, in-process control and post-event control. Special attention should be paid to ex-ante control. In the planning and design stage, it is necessary to grasp the plan and select the team. In the construction stage, it is necessary to grasp and review the construction organization design. We must be aware of the weak links in the project and the common quality problems that may occur. Avoid this by notifying the contractor in writing beforehand.
3. Emphasize the principle of active supervision. In the entire construction process of intelligent system engineering, supervision should maintain the initiative, one is to stand in the position of the owner, take the initiative to consider the owner, to provide the owner with the initiative, as comprehensive as possible service, the other is to supervise the technical personnel to drill into, to be professional. In this way, we can have more say in the supervision and further play an active role.
4. The supervisor should be equipped with the necessary testing instruments. The intelligent system cannot be seen by the naked eye during the detection time, and it is necessary to have professional testing instruments, such as UTP cable testers. At present, there are very few intelligent system detection instruments equipped with complete supervision in the Nanjing supervision market, and only borrow the construction party or borrow everywhere when needed, which affects the construction period and may also affect the measurement accuracy.
5. The safety of the project should be the primary task of the weak current supervision, and the building and the weak current system must be protected from the attack of direct lightning and side lightning to prevent fire and electric shock accidents. The second task is to ensure the function and operational reliability of the weak current system. To this end, weak current supervisors should determine the focus of quality control according to the various stages of project progress.
6. In the process of weak current supervision, it is necessary to strictly control the project change. In order to control the project cost and prevent the weak current system from breaking through the estimated budget target, it is necessary to strictly control and try to avoid or reduce the number and scope of project changes. For engineering changes (including design changes and owner changes), the supervision should analyze the technical feasibility and economic rationality, and put forward supervision opinions in a timely manner for the reference of the design or the owner.
7. Supervision of side stations.
1) Strictly abide by the Ministry of Construction's "Measures for the Supervision and Management of Housing Construction Side Stations (Trial)" and the relevant regulations of the company.
2) The parts that need to be supervised by the side station of this project are: grounding, insulation resistance test;Test of smoke and temperature detectors in automatic fire alarm system;Switching test of public and emergency broadcasting systems;Processes such as testing of integrated wiring.
3) The side station supervisors should perform the following main duties:
Inspect the on-site quality inspection personnel of the construction enterprise, the certification of special types of personnel, and the preparation of construction machinery and building materials.
Supervise the construction of key parts and key processes on site, implement the construction plan and the mandatory standards of engineering construction.
Verify the quality inspection report of the incoming building materials and equipment, and supervise the construction enterprise to conduct the inspection on site or entrust a qualified third party to conduct a re-inspection.
Do a good job of side station supervision records and supervision diaries, and save the original data of side station supervision.
4) If the supervisor of the side station finds that the construction party has violated the mandatory standards for project construction, he has the right to order it to rectifyIf it is found that the construction activities have or may endanger the quality of the project, it shall be reported to the leader in a timely manner, and the director shall issue a suspension order or other emergency measures.
8. Implement the measures of the standard implementation system documents.
1) In accordance with the requirements of the "quality system procedure documents", pay attention to the registration and identification of the documents submitted by the owner.
2) Comprehensively do a good job in project quality control, schedule control, cost control, and review the quality assurance system of the contractor and the declared commencement report, construction organization design, technical plan, schedule and other key reviews.
3) According to the requirements of "quality system documents", carefully do a good job of quality records and classification. The focus is on the quality of quality records such as material review forms, process review forms, meeting minutes, notices, contact sheets, logs, and so on. Quality control is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the company's standard implementation document "Project Quality Control Procedures".
4) Do a good job in the completion and acceptance of branch projects and unit projects.
5) according to the requirements of the "quality document" to do a good job of supervision work summary and project supervision summary report;Do a good job of archiving documents and materials.
6) The process quality record meets the requirements of Jiangsu Provincial Construction Committee Supervision Site ** (3rd Edition).
3. Difficulties and countermeasures in the supervision and control of intelligent systems
1. Structured integrated wiring system.
1) It is generally believed that the strong current line is the "blood vessel" of the building, and the integrated wiring is the "nerve", and the supervisor should review whether the design is "overall planning, distribution and implementation, and horizontal wiring as much as possible" when planning and designing. When choosing the grade of the product and the scale of the system, it is recommended that the owner consider the grade of the decoration, try to choose high-end products, and the installation location should not only consider the practicality, but also consider the cooperation with the decoration.
2) As a modern first-class shopping center, this project has high requirements for network transmission speed and security. Therefore, the quality requirements for various wires and equipment such as optical cables and unshielded Category VI UTP cables in the integrated wiring system are also very high. The supervisor will strengthen the acceptance of the incoming materials and equipment to ensure that its performance meets the technical requirements of the corresponding level.
3) When the system is implemented, the construction unit should be urged to do the verification test of the link in a timely manner when wiring, and issue a qualified report with the releaseAfter the distribution frame and plug are jumped, the construction unit should do a good demonstration test. During the test, the supervisor will conduct a side station supervision and inspection. When the project is completed, a qualified testing unit should be invited to carry out the electrical performance test of the cable system and the performance test of the optical fiber system of the integrated wiring system project, and the handover can only be carried out after the test meets the requirements.
4) For outdoor incoming cables, electrical protection equipment should be added when entering the room. This avoids damage to the user equipment connected to the cable due to lightning strikes and induced potentials. Strengthen the brand selection of line surge protectors, and try to choose first-class brands in the market, preferably internationally renowned products.
2. Computer network system.
1) For computer network technology and products, the supervisor will assist the owner to choose products from internationally renowned companies such as Huawei, Foundry, Cisco and so on from the aspects of security, reliability, stability, advancement, easy scalability and high cost performance, so as to ensure the reliable and stable operation of the system.
2) The detection of the computer network system will be carried out as required for connectivity detection, routing detection, fault tolerance function detection, and network management function testing.
3) For special products for computer network information system security, it must have the "sales license for special products for computer information system security" approved and issued by the computer management and supervision department of the Ministry of Public SecurityA firewall and anti-virus system must be installed in a computer network security system.
4) When the completion is accepted, the construction unit is required to provide relevant information according to the design and specification requirements, such as: the entry acceptance report of the equipment, the genuine CD-ROM of the operating system and the application software system, the product test report, the configuration scheme and configuration document of the equipment, the test record and test report of the computer network system, the test record and the user use report of the application software, the test record and test report of the security system and the system trial operation record, etc.
3. Communication network system.
Supervision will do a good job in the supervision of the communication network system from the following aspects:
1) Inspection before installation:
1) Inspection of incoming materials, equipment and equipment;All materials must be provided with warranty and test report;Equipment and equipment also need to provide installation, use, maintenance instructions and other documents;Imported products need to provide a certificate of origin and a commodity inspection certificate;Products subject to telecommunications access license management must provide an Internet access license.
2) The civil works of the installation machine room are completed, and the machine room has the installation conditions.
3) The grounding lead-in wire and grounding device are completed, and the grounding resistance meets the design requirements.
4) Fire prevention and other safety management measures in the computer room meet the requirements.
2) Inspection at the time of installation:
1) Installation of cable tray and trunking.
2) Inspection of Category 3 large logarithmic cable wiring;Cable continuity check.
3) Check the power supply and power line deployment, and the insulation resistance test meets the design and specification requirements, and the equipment is supplied normally.
3) System detection:
1) For the test of communication network system detection, the supervision will be carried out in strict accordance with the three stages of system inspection test, initial inspection test and trial operation acceptance test.
2) The test content and methods shall be carried out in accordance with the current national standards and specifications, engineering design documents and product technical requirements.
4) For the voice channel, whether to use the virtual network or the user-controlled switch form, it is necessary to do a good job of cost-effective analysis.
5) For the mobile communication relay system, it is recommended that in addition to the establishment of small cell base stations of China Mobile and China Unicom, it is necessary to establish PHS wireless communication base stations to eliminate the blind spots of mobile communications.
4) Cable TV system.
1) Pay attention to the lightning protection of the line entry and front-end equipment to ensure the safety of all TV equipment.
2) It is necessary to comprehensively consider the two-way transmission of public television signals, satellite television signals, internal television signals and television signals attracted by the municipal cable television stationFor the selection of self-run program equipment and line amplifiers, the consistency and stability of the system should be considered.
3) The satellite receiver can only reserve pipelines and consider it when necessary.
4) The selection of professional TV optical cables should meet the requirements of attenuation, bandwidth, temperature characteristics, physical characteristics, moisture resistance, etc.;The optical fiber should be inspected before laying the optical cable, and the optical fiber should have no break point and the attenuation value should meet the design requirements.
5) When the optical cable is laid indoors, it is advisable to use PVC outer sheath or other plastic flame retardant sheath;The electric (optical) cables entering and exiting the building should be equipped with waterproof covers at the entrances and exits.
6) For professional TV cables, they should be laid separately in the trunking set up for them, and the TV cable and the power line should not be installed in the same trunking, the same outlet box, and the same connection box;After the laying is completed, the supervisor will carefully inspect and accept its laying, requiring the cable to be reasonable and beautiful in wiring and laying, the cable bending coil meets the requirements, the cable ground clearance and the distance between the cable and other pipelines meet the requirements, the installation accessories for erection and laying meet the requirements, and the plugging parts are firm and waterproof and corrosion-proof.
7) The laying of the cable should have a margin at both ends and be marked with obvious permanent markings.
8) There should be a margin for the optical cable on the middle end unit in the optical transceiver room, and the remaining cables should be coiled into a circle and properly placed.
9) It is recommended to use the form of floor groove for laying professional TV cables in the studio control room, front-end computer room and conditional rooms.
10) When the cable TV system is completed and accepted, the construction unit is required to provide basic information, system diagrams, wiring diagrams, subjective evaluation scoring records, objective test records, construction quality and safety inspection records (including lightning protection, grounding), equipment and equipment schedules and other documents, and can only be completed and delivered after being accepted by the superior competent department.
5. Security system, a first-class management system, garage entrance and exit management system.
1) The main points of the review of the drawings of the supervision of the public safety technical prevention system are as follows:
Whether the specifications and models of input devices such as cameras, detectors, and card readers are matched with the place of use, the function of use, and the system structure.
Whether the arrangement of camera points and detection points meets the requirements of practicality and beauty.
Whether the selection of the monitor meets the requirements such as the number of lines
2) Considering the integration of these subsystems (security system, a first-class management system "access control, attendance, patrol part", garage entrance and exit management system), the hardware and software of the system should fully consider its compatibility, and carefully configure when choosing.
3) When the line is buried, it should be in place as much as possible.
4) The selection of burglar alarm should be consistent with the place.
5) It is necessary to check the scope of the security system, the fortification of key prevention parts and key departments, the prevention function, and whether the operation of the security system equipment meets the design requirements, and pay special attention to eliminating the blind spot of safety prevention.
6) For the garage entrance and exit management system, the computer image comparison system must be adopted.
7) The corresponding security monitoring (video, recording) system, access control system, parking lot (library) management system in the security system is prepared to respond to the fire alarm and the detection of fire mode operation and other functions, and the fire alarm signal is simulated at the scene.
8) When the safety system is completed, it must be tested and qualified by a qualified testing agency (the test report is qualified) before it can be delivered.
6. Public and Emergency Broadcasting System (PA&EP).
In the event of an emergency, the system should be switched to emergency broadcasting according to the requirements of the fire code, which plays a pivotal role in the personal safety of the building and its internal staff. Therefore, while strengthening general control, supervision should emphasize the following aspects:
1) After entering the site, the weak current supervision engineer should first be familiar with the drawings, understand the design intent, assist the owner to hold a drawing review before construction, and specifically solve the following problems:
1) Check whether the drawings meet the depth requirements and design specifications stipulated by the state.
2) Analyze the feasibility and economy of design and construction.
3) Whether a detailed linkage action table is given in the drawing.
4) Whether the fire-fighting equipment adopts a dedicated power supply circuit.
5) Whether there is a corresponding margin in the alarm loop.
6) If it is linked with other systems, whether there is an appropriate interface, and the requirements for other systems, etc.
2) Ensure the switching between public broadcasting and emergency broadcasting systems and the reliable transmission of signals.
For the loudspeaker arrangement of the public address system, it is necessary to consider the effective space volume, power and quantity, and also consider to meet the needs of the fire protection system. The switching between the fire signal and the background ** signal should be in front of the partition relay module to ensure the reliable transmission of the fire broadcast signal in the event of a fire.
3) Strengthen the coordination between strong and weak currents. In the event of a fire, it is necessary to cut off the non-fire-fighting load, and the tripper of the circuit breaker of the non-fire-fighting load is generally AC 220V, and the fire-fighting linkage control power supply is generally DC 24V.
4) Pay attention to the fire hydrant button. The signal of the fire hydrant button should be able to be transmitted to the control center, and the fire hydrant pump can be directly started, and there is a corresponding return signal. It is also best to use a general-purpose module for the communication module, including a monitoring module and a control module.
5) Strengthen the cooperation with civil engineering and other installation professions. Fire safety includes various professions such as civil engineering, water, electricity, and wind, and the cooperation between them should be strengthened. In particular, the requirements of business division and other places are not the same, and different alarm and fire linkage methods should be adopted according to the design requirements.
6) Pay attention to the interface with other systems. The system should be designed with a certain margin. Due to uncertain factors such as decoration, a margin of 20% to 30% should be left in the design.
7. Public and business information display system.
1) For the LED electronic display screen and touch query screen, the supervisor will check the firmness of the embedded parts of the civil engineering and the accuracy of the embedded and reserved pipelines.
2) The control circuit of the LED electronic display should be simple and reliable;The power consumption of the display should be low;The two-sided primary color single-sided display and single-sided full-color display should be fully bright, full dark, grayscale, color change and luminous uniformity should be comprehensively inspected to ensure that each LED and its control circuit work normally.
3) Check the ease of use of the touch query screen to change the query program and the fault tolerance function in case of wrong operationAfter a temporary power outage, the query program should be able to start running automatically.
4) For LED electronic display with a display area of 60 inches and below, it is recommended to use plasma display or LCD rear projection display to meet the requirements of computer networking control and large display capacity per unit area.
8. Conference system.
1) For the hitch that needs to bear the load, the actual load should be notified to the design unit in time, and the design unit will make a large sample drawing of the embedded parts, and the construction should be carried out in strict accordance with the design drawings during construction to ensure safety.
2) Pre-embedded, reserved pipelines and lines, to leave sufficient margin.
3) Pay attention to the laying of the system protective ground wire and signal shielding wire to prevent noise or interference with the image signal.
4) During on-site construction, pay attention to fire prevention.
5) After the installation is completed, the display system, sound system, lighting system, and auxiliary system should be debugged one by oneAfter the debugging of each subsystem is normal, the debugging of the centralized control system is carried out.
6) After all systems are debugged normally, all equipment must be put into full load and long-term trial operation, and the heating situation of all equipment must be carefully checked and recorded to ensure the stability of work in actual use in the future.
Fourth, rationalization suggestions
Due to the system integration, the communication interface type of each system and the linkage between the systems should be considered more when selecting the equipment, such as the fire alarm system and the fire cut-off requirements of the non-fire distribution box, which can be seen in the rationalization suggestions of the strong current part.
Quality and progress control: Considering that there are many intelligent systems and different professional requirements, the supervision recommends that the intelligent system be contracted and then subcontracted according to the system. In particular, it is necessary to choose a weak current general contractor who understands both hardware (familiar with all kinds of weak current equipment, equipment selection and interfaces between different system equipment) and software (has an in-depth understanding of system integration, various network communication protocols and database types) to ensure the management and system integration of various subsystems of weak current, and coordinate the construction between various professional teams, so as to effectively ensure the quality and duration of weak current system engineering.
The weak current room should be closed and completed as soon as possible to ensure the cross-construction of weak current engineering and civil engineering and decoration engineering to speed up the progress.
In view of the fact that this project has a large number of voice and real-time data, and has high requirements for the transmission medium, it is recommended to adopt optical fiber into the home, optical fiber, twisted pair and coaxial cable hybrid wiring to ensure the rapid transmission of each signalFor important points, a fiber-to-the-table solution should be used.
There are a large number of cameras in this project, and the supervisor should assist the owner and the designer to appropriately select the fast dome, hemisphere and bolt according to the needs (some places are best to use the night vision function).
Strengthen the management of detailed design. For intelligent systems, the owner's needs are often not very clear and the construction bidding is rushed, and the construction is constantly changed, which is not conducive to quality, investment, and construction period. The supervisor suggested that the owner adopt the mode of design competition first, then deepening the design, and then construction bidding.
Because the reserved pipeline accounts for a very small proportion of the overall cost, and if the pipeline is not retained, the later transformation, increase the difficulty and the impact are very large. Therefore, the project reserves pipelines and holes, and the design and the owner are difficult to determine the place for a while, and the supervisor will deal with it in line with the principle of "rather big than small, rather more than less".