Three minutes to talk about culture
The time and people are urging each other, and the winter solstice is coming again.
Embroidery five lines add weak lines, blow six branches to move floating ash.
The shore is waiting for the willows, and the mountains are cold and want to release the plums.
The clouds are not different from the country and the country, and the children are taught to cover the cup in the palm.
Du Fu's poem is called "Little Solstice". Regarding the "small solstice", one says that it is the day before the winter solstice, one says that it is the day after the winter solstice, and the other says that the "small solstice" is the winter solstice. For the time being, we think that the "small solstice" mentioned by Du Fu is the winter solstice.
This poem was written during Du Fu's stay in Kuizhou in his later years. Kuizhou is now Chongqing Fengjie.
Before that, Du Fu lived in Chengdu Thatched Cottage. The death of his friend Yan Wu dealt him a heavy blow and made his life lose its financial support. The sad Du Fu left Chengdu and came to Kuizhou, where he stayed here temporarily.
At that time, although the Anshi Rebellion had ended, the Tang Dynasty was frequently harassed by the Tubo and Hui Dynasty, and the generals of the feudal towns supported the troops and respected themselves, so the war still broke out from time to time.
Du Fu, who was stranded in Kuizhou, was in a very melancholy mood, and the poem "Xiao Zhi" seemed to be a leisurely work, but it was difficult to hide the melancholy and sigh.
The time and people are urging each other, and the winter solstice is coming again. ”
"Time of day" refers to the change of seasonal solar terms in nature. "Personnel" refers to the changes in the world.
"Winter solstice" is an understanding of climate change in nature by the ancients. The ancients believed that on the day of the winter solstice, the yin qi reached the extreme, that is, the yin qi reached its limit, and then began to decline. Yin and Yang are balanced, and when Yin Qi gradually declines, a new line of Yang Qi is generated, which is the "Winter Solstice Yang Sheng".
Reading the first couplet, it can already make people feel a trace of melancholy and a little sigh.
Embroidery five lines add weak lines, blow six branches to move floating ash. ”
"Five-pattern" is a five-color embroidery thread. "Adding weak threads" means that after the winter solstice, the nights are getting shorter and the days are getting longer, and the workload of the embroidery women can increase by one line every day.
"Jia" is a reed seedling. "Guan" refers to the rhythm that determines the rhythm.
"Jia" and "Xuan" are materials and tools used by the ancients to change seasonally. The ancients burned the film in the stem into ashes and put it into twelve different branches, one of which represented one month. When the monthly solar term arrives, the ash representing the Kannai will automatically fly out. This is the "blowing of the six branches of the floating ash".
These two sentences make people have a dynamic sense of picture in front of their eyes.
The shore is waiting for the willows, and the mountains are cold and want to release the plums. ”
"Shore capacity" refers to the scene on the bank of the river. "Waiting for wax" means waiting for the wax month, and the wax month is the twelfth lunar month. "Yama" refers to the will of the mountain. "Rushing the cold" means breaking through the cold.
The gist of these two sentences is: look at the bank of the river, as if waiting, waiting for the cold wax moon to pass, it will stretch the branches of the willow tree so that it can sprout new shoots.
Looking at the mountain, it seems that I can't wait, as if I want to break through the cold and bloom the plum blossoms immediately.
The neck coupling gives people a glimmer of joy and hope that spring is coming.
The clouds are not different from the country and the country, and the children are taught to cover the cup in the palm. ”
"Clouds" here refers to scenery. "Distinctive" is the difference and the difference. "No" means that there is no difference. "Township" is hometown. "Cover the cup" means to toast and drink as much as you want.
The gist of this couplet is: The scenery here in Kuizhou is no different from our hometown, son, you have done the bar in your hand.
Reading the couplet, you can feel the helplessness and sorrow in the poet's heart.