The military fish is a barbed catfish of the family Cyprinidae of the order Cypriniformes, also known as light barbed catfish, green sticks, yellow juan fish, green plates or black scales. The body of the fish is cylindrical and flattened at the back, with two pairs of whiskers on the lips and one pair of jaw whiskers. The dorsal side is bluish-gray, the ventral side is grayish-white with a light yellow, the ventral surface is pale yellow, the upper margin of the dorsal fin is gray, and the pelvic and fins are orange-red.
Military fish are mainly distributed in the Yangtze River, Qiantang River, Minjiang River, Jiulong River, Pearl River, Yuanjiang River and Hainan, Taiwan and other water systems. The military fish is a pelagic fish that prefers to live in rivers and streams with strong currents and clear water. It is an omnivorous fish, that is, it feeds on insects, small fish, small shrimp, etc., and also eats plant fragments and algae.
The meat is thick and delicious, rich in nutrients, high in amino acids, and the content of essential amino acids exceeds that of ordinary fish species, so it has the reputation of "king of freshwater" in some areas. There are various ways to eat it, such as stew, fried fish pieces, braised fish, smoked fish, etc. Military fish gallbladder can be used as medicine to treat children's convulsions and fire eye fever, and has the dual-purpose of food and supplement.
Military fish spawn in flowing water in spring and summer, and the reproductive period is from April to May. Nowadays, military fish have been artificially cultivated, and the difficulty of breeding is not high, only attention needs to be paid to maintaining water quality and dissolved oxygen levels. However, compared with the four major fish, the growth rate of the military fish is slower, and the two-year-old military fish can grow to about 1 catty, and the military fish of more than 10 kilograms is already considered a big fish.
The origin of the name of the military fish, there are many folk sayings, the first one is the evolution of the dialect, because the military fish scales are harder, early called the hard fish, and later evolved into the military fish. The second theory is based on habit, because the military fish struggles very fiercely after being hooked, just like a soldier. The third theory comes from folklore, according to legend, there was a general in the last years of the Sui Dynasty who defeated Changshan, the general would rather die than jump into the deep pool, and later the villagers came to salvage the general, did not find the body, but found this kind of fish with hard scales, so the local called it the general fish, and then gradually spread in various parts of the south, referred to as the military fish.
Because the military fish has the nickname of a blue stick, and its appearance is similar to that of a herring, it is sometimes mistaken for a herring. However, there are obvious differences between the two types of fish, the most obvious difference is that the military fish has whiskers on the lips and jaws, while the herring does not. There is also a significant difference between the ends of the two types of fish, with the herring having a rounder end and the military fish having a flatter end. In terms of body size, 10kg of military fish is already considered a big fish, while 10kg of herring can only be regarded as just adult, and the largest herring can even grow to sixty or seventy kilograms.
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