What level in the modern education system is the ancient "Xiucai, Renjuren, Jinshi" equivalent to?
What is the level of modern education?Ancient Chinese selection systems have a long history, such as the imperial examination system, which played an extremely important role in the selection of talents. The imperial examination system allowed young people from poor backgrounds to change their fate and stand out from the bottom of the family. The imperial examinations had a profound significance for the academic circles of the time, especially for those young people with lofty ideals, who saw them as the only way to learn the value of life.
At that time, countless people with lofty ideals made unremitting efforts for the three stages of the imperial examination system: first to become erudite and talented, then to be highly respected, and finally to be the champion in history. In this long process, they have gone through a lot of hardships and worked day and night to achieve their life ideals.
The origin and development of the imperial examination system can be traced back to the Sui Dynasty. With the decline of the power of the scholars, the Jiupin Zhongzheng system with the title as the core was gradually abandoned, and was replaced by a new selection method - the imperial examination system, that is, selection based on character, hard work and ability**.
During the period of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, the imperial examination system began to take shape, and there were clear regulations on the selection of civil and military personnel. In short, only talented people can hold important positions.
In the Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination system underwent a series of reforms and developments, becoming a mature and complex selection system. In order to further improve national education, Tang Taizong expanded the scope of the imperial examination and added subjects. As a result, the content of the imperial examination has become richer and the design has become more diverse.
After Wu Zetian came to power, he made efforts to increase the number of subjects selected for the imperial examination, and introduced the martial arts examination and the palace examination for the first time. This move allowed the literati with strong martial arts skills to display their talents, and also brought a new direction to the imperial examination system.
Later, Tang Xuanzong further improved the imperial examination system and included poetry in the imperial examination. As a result, literary and artistic talent has also become an important criterion for the imperial examination, and the influence of the literary field has also increased.
In ancient times, the imperial examination system matured and attracted more and more scholars. The status of the imperial examination became increasingly important, and it became a necessary way to gain prestige and fame. Every scholar aspires to prove his ability and wisdom by passing the imperial examination.
However, the imperial examination is not a simple examination, but a complex process consisting of multiple layers of selection. First of all, the county examination of each county selects talents with foundation, and then the township examination of each county selects talented people. The temple examination is organized by the Ministry of Rites and is held every three years, and only those who have excellent results in the temple examination can participate.
This selection process tests not only the academic standards of students, but also their skills, character and ability to cope with pressure in the examination room. In this highly competitive exam, the scholarship recipients felt both the challenge and the passion and desire to succeed.
In ancient times, the imperial examination was a solemn examination presided over by the emperor himself to select outstanding students and confer high honors. The ultimate purpose of the imperial examination is selection"Champion"、"Leaderboard"with"Tanhua", making them the most outstanding talents in the entire national education system.
In the old imperial examination system, different titles symbolized candidates' achievements at different levels, similar to academic titles in modern society, such as high Chinese, bachelor's degree, and master's degree. By comparing, we can see how these titles overlap with modern qualifications.
In the imperial examination, Xiucai was the best in the provincial examination, stood out among many students, and was regarded as the starting point of the imperial examination career. Candidates who have passed the Xiucai exam can take the provincial examination and the general examination to further prove their ability.
Measured by today's academic level, Xiucai's status is roughly equivalent to that of a high school student or college student. For many scholars, the county examination is the most basic part of the imperial examination, and most candidates can pass it.
But the temple test is a different matter. On the day of the palace examination, the entire imperial capital was filled with a tense and solemn atmosphere. All eyes were on those students who were considered the most outstanding, and thousands of people were looking up to them.
In the examination room, the format of the temple examination is different. In the large hall surrounded by high walls, the chief examiner, headed by the emperor, solemnly explained the test questions. All the candidates looked at the questions carefully, eager to accept the challenge.
As the doors slowly closed, the candidates began to apply the knowledge and skills they had accumulated over the years. With the expectations of their families and their own wishes, they won the emperor's approval and praise with the most intense thinking and the most acute expression.
In ancient times, the imperial examination was an important way to improve social status. The goal of the scholar is to show talents, but the status of lifting people is much higher than that of showing talents, because only candidates who have passed the county and city examinations can obtain this title. The academic qualifications of the people are much higher than those of Xiucai, which is equivalent to a modern bachelor's or master's degree.
The HYK exam is demanding, and its standards are equivalent to the admission requirements of modern universities 985 and 211. Ancient"Township"Not a modern administrative unit"area", but rather a broader geographical concept, similar to modern provincial and municipal units.
However, to become"City"(nahiye), candidates must pass a more difficult exam. Only those who have passed both the municipal examination and the general examination are eligible to take the general examination, which is the most difficult of the general examination. For many scholars, winning the examination is a daunting task;Victory seems inevitable, but it still requires a lot of effort.
The imperial examination is considered to be the pinnacle of the candidate's efforts, and they are awarded"Tributes"and was allowed to participate in the imperial examinations. The status of the Gongshi is very noble, equivalent to a modern doctoral or postdoctoral degree. In fact, the Gongshi could be seen as a symbol of the highest level of education at the time, but it was difficult to obtain a higher title of Gongshi than a modern doctorate.
Every candidate wants to become a tribute student and spend all their energy preparing for the exam because they know how big it will be to win the exam. At the time, the status of a tribute student meant not only academic excellence, but also expectations of social status and family honor. In order to stand out in the imperial examinations, candidates worked tirelessly, studying the classics day and night, carefully honing their essay writing skills, and constantly improving their abilities.
After a long imperial examination, the students ushered in the most important moment in their lives - the palace examination. Everyone who passes the imperial examination will pass this crucial test, while"Temple Examination"It is the process of the emperor's personal selection. At this stage, the Emperor's purpose is to test the participants' knowledge, insight, and vision in order to determine the ranking of champions, top eyes, tanhua, and tanhua.
Compared to other imperial examinations, the difficulty of the palace examination is relatively low. However, the results of the palace examination are not easy**, as it all depends on the emperor's personal preferences and criteria. At this time, it is not only the scholar's academic knowledge that is tested, but most importantly, their interpersonal skills and wisdom.
On the eve of the start of the palace exam, everyone's hearts were full of tension and anticipation. They prepared carefully, reviewed their knowledge and experience, and strived to do their best in front of the emperor. They hope that through this examination, they will become the best among their students and have the opportunity to win honor and contribute their talents to the country.
In the old imperial examination system, jinshi was the highest award for academic and clerical positions. In the education system of the time, the status of Jinshi was equivalent to that of a professor at the modern Chinese Academy of Sciences, because both represented extremely high standards of talent and ability. Only those who meet both of these conditions can obtain the title of jinshi, which also means that they are eligible for important official positions.
At that time, the old imperial examination system was an unattainable pinnacle, and the three titles above it - Xiucai, Juren and Jinshi - were like bright stars, which made people yearn for them. But to reach this pinnacle, students must pass one brutal exam after another, facing more difficult challenges than any modern exam. Despite the difficulties, most of the students still lit the flame of hope and worked quietly in the hope that one day they would be able to get the top prize.
The imperial examination system is a field of hope and an opportunity for poor students to change their fate. With the expectations of their families, they devote themselves to"Thousands of troops crossed the single-plank bridge"of the arena. After ten years of hard study, all they want is a chance to prove themselves and shine. But in the cruel crucible of the imperial examination, how many students failed to do so in the end?They had to say goodbye to this difficult competition with sadness and infinite regret.