In the long history of China, there has always been a peculiar phenomenon, that is, once the literati enter the official career, they are eager to obtain the noble title related to the word "Wen". And for the emperor, it is also extremely prudent to give this extremely high-standard epithet, and it is not easy to posthumously give it to the deceased minister. Among them, the Tang Dynasty is even more unique, and only four ministers in history have been posthumously awarded the title of "Wenzhen". Do you know these four outstanding scholars?
Wei Zheng: Xuanwumen Fengyun wrote the legend of "Wenzhen".
In the last years of the Sui Dynasty, Wei Zheng participated in the Wagang Uprising and followed Li Mi, the Duke of Wei, but he failed to be reused as he should be. It was not until the first year of Wude (618) that Wei Zheng returned to the Tang Dynasty and successfully persuaded Li Mi's old subordinate Li Tao to return to the Tang Dynasty. For this reason, Wei Zheng was named the crown prince to wash the horse, and assisted the crown prince Li Jiancheng. However, as fate would have it, Li Jiancheng, assisted by Wei Zheng, was eventually killed by Li Shimin in the Xuanwumen Rebellion. Wei Zheng followed closely and surrendered to Li Shimin, and also ushered in the peak of his life.
In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Wei Zheng was promoted to Shangshu Zuocheng, and seven years later he was reappointed as Shizhong, responsible for the affairs of Menxia Province. He repeatedly spoke out and gave advice, putting forward the concepts of "listening to both sides will make it clear, and partial listening will make it dark", "be prepared for danger in times of peace, abstain from extravagance and be thrifty", and so on, which had a far-reaching impact on Li Shimin's administration and made great contributions to the creation of "the rule of Zhenguan". In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan (643), Wei Zheng died at the age of sixty-four. He was given the title of Governor of Sikong and Xiangzhou, nicknamed "Wenzhen", and ranked fourth among the "Twenty-four Meritorious Heroes of Lingyan Pavilion". Wei Zheng's exploits are fully worthy of the nickname "Wenzhen", highlighting his weight in Li Shimin's heart.
Lu Xiangxian: Assisted Tang Xuanzong to create the "Kaiyuan Prosperous Era".
Lu Xiangxian (665-736), born in Wu County, Wu County (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu), was the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty and the son of Lu Yuanfang, a servant of his disciples. Lu Xiangxian went through official promotions in his early years, and Princess Taiping recommended him to become the prime minister. However, Lu Xiangxian refused to attach himself to Princess Taiping, and was later named the Duke of Yanguo, and successively served as the governor of Yizhou, the history of the assassin, as well as the crown prince Zhan Shi, the secretary of the Ministry of Industry and other positions.
In 736, Lu Xiangxian died, and posthumously presented Shangshu Zuo Prime Minister with the nickname "Wenzhen". He made great contributions to Tang Xuanzong's assistance, and after the resignation of the prime minister, he governed one side and governed leniently, which was deeply loved by the people. Therefore, his nickname "Wenzhen" did not cause controversy.
Song Jing: The literary champion of the revitalization of the Tang Dynasty.
Song Jing (663-737), the name Guangping, a native of Nanhe, Xingzhou, was a famous minister of the Tang Dynasty. He is erudite and talented, good at literature, and has served as the secretary of the Ministry of Officials and the Secretary of the Criminal Department. In the history of the Tang Dynasty, Song Jing successively served in the five dynasties of Empress Wu, Tang Zhongzong, Tang Ruizong, Tang Emperor and Tang Xuanzong, and worked hard to revitalize the Tang Dynasty, and worked together with Yao Chong to become one of the four great sages of the Tang Dynasty.
In the twenty-fifth year of Kaiyuan (737), Song Jing died in Luoyang at the age of seventy-five. Posthumously presented the captain, nicknamed "Wenzhen". He worked hard to revitalize the Tang Dynasty throughout his life, and worked together with Yao Chong to create the "Kaiyuan Prosperous Era".
Zhang said: A giant in the literary world, a controversial "Wenzhen".
Zhang Shuo (667-730), a native of Luoyang, was the prime minister of the Xuanzong period of the Tang Dynasty. He was the prime minister three times in his life, and his 30-year reign in the literary world made him the Wenzong of the time. However, Zhang Shuo's short-tempered and money-greedy personality has caused a lot of controversy.
Under his administration, Zhang Shuo advocated that Tang Xuanzong enshrine Mount Tai and become the right prime minister. However, his short-tempered and greedy behavior made him suffer many times, and he was finally dismissed. Zhang Shuo died of illness in the eighteenth year of Kaiyuan (730) at the age of sixty-four, and was posthumously presented to the Taishi, nicknamed "Wenzhen". Compared with the other three, Zhang's nickname of "Wenzhen" is quite controversial.
Conclusion: Explore the legend of "Wenzhen", and the Tang Dynasty will reappear.
In the history of the Tang Dynasty, the four ministers Wei Zheng, Lu Xiangxian, Song Jing, and Zhang Shuo, with their outstanding talents and outstanding political achievements, won the nickname of "Wenzhen", leaving a breathtaking legend. The lives of these civil servants not only made great achievements for the prosperity of the Tang Empire, but also left a profound historical mark for future generations. The great changes of the Tang Dynasty have been reproduced in these figures of Wenzhen, providing valuable historical experience and enlightenment for future generations.
The legend of "Wenzhen" left by the four Wenchen of the Tang Dynasty in the long history constitutes a fascinating historical chapter. Through an in-depth interpretation of the deeds of the four ministers Wei Zheng, Lu Xiangxian, Song Jing, and Zhang Shuo, this article shows their outstanding contributions and unique charm in the history of the Tang Dynasty.
First of all, Wei Zheng's experience is depicted in detail in the article. From the Wagang Uprising in the Sui Dynasty to the return to the Tang Dynasty, and then to the completion of the Auxiliary Prince, Wei Zheng experienced twists and turns in his life, and finally assisted Li Shimin in creating the "Zhenguan Rule" as the prime minister. The article presents his outspoken and enterprising spirit on many occasions, as well as his unique views on political concepts, which have had a far-reaching impact on Li Shimin's governance. Wei Zheng's nickname "Wenzhen" is indeed worthy of its name, highlighting his pre-eminent position in the political arena of the Tang Dynasty.
Secondly, Lu Xiangxian, as an uncompromising prime minister, maintained his political independence by refusing to attach himself to Princess Taiping. After the resignation of the prime minister, he won the love of the people, and it is not surprising that he finally won the nickname of "Wenzhen". Lu Xiangxian's life was not only a tenacity for his adherence to principles, but also a great contribution to the stability of the Tang Dynasty regime.
Furthermore, Song Jing's image of being erudite and good at literature is vividly displayed in the article. In the process of the Five Dynasties, he worked hard to revitalize the Tang Dynasty, and worked together with Yao Chong to create the "Kaiyuan Prosperous Era". His nickname "Wenzhen" is a full affirmation of his literary talent and outstanding political achievements, and also set an example for later scholars.
Finally, Zhang Shuo's image presents a controversial image of a literary giant. Although he has achieved a dominant position in the civil service field for 30 years, his short-tempered and money-hungry personality traits have raised some doubts about his nickname of "Wenzhen". Compared with the other three, Zhang's example reminds us that the character of the character should also be fully considered when giving honors.
On the whole, the legendary story of "Wenzhen" of the four ministers of the Tang Dynasty is vividly presented in the article. Their respective tenacity, wisdom and political ability not only influenced the historical course of the Tang Dynasty, but also provided valuable historical experience for future generations. By digging deep into the stories of the people behind history, this article enables readers to better understand this turbulent era and feel the rich connotation of historical figures.
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