In order to further guide and standardize the national emergency medical response work, improve the emergency medical rescue capacity, and safeguard the lives and health of the people, the National Health Commission has researched and formulated the "Measures for the Management of Medical Emergency Work in Emergencies (Trial)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Measures"). These Measures shall come into force on the date of promulgation (i.e., December 8, 2023).
Source: Screenshot of the official website of the Department of Medical Emergencies).
The Measures standardize and require the whole process of medical emergency information discovery and reporting, medical emergency response and guarantee, and clarify the work responsibilities of relevant departments and institutions, which are divided into four chapters and 26 articles
(1) General Provisions. The legal basis, working principles, definition and scope of application of the Measures are clarified.
(2) Discovery and reporting of medical emergency information on emergencies. It clarifies the information reporting units and personnel, the responsible reporting units, the information reporting process and the specific requirements for reporting, and emphasizes the time limit requirements and reporting content of the emergency information grading report.
(3) Medical emergency response. The working principles and responsibilities of health administrative departments at all levels to carry out medical emergency response are proposed, and the relevant requirements for medical emergency on-site disposal, injury classification, casualty evacuation and treatment of the wounded and sick are clarified in accordance with the principle of "rapid response and efficient disposal".
(4) Medical emergency support. Provisions are made for the construction and management of medical emergency teams and bases, the construction of medical emergency expert databases, the formulation of medical emergency plans, the reserve of medical supplies, training and drills, science popularization and education, scientific research and innovation, staff guarantees, and reward and punishment systems.
The following is the full text of the "Measures for the Management of Medical Emergency Work in Emergencies (Trial)".
Measures for the management of medical emergency work.
Chapter I: General Provisions.
Article 1: In order to clarify the working mechanisms and processes for medical emergency response, standardize and efficiently do a good job of emergency medical rescue for all types of emergencies, avoid and reduce personnel, and ensure the safety and health of the people, in accordance with the "Emergency Response Law of the People's Republic of China", "Basic Medical Care and Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China", "Emergency Regulations on Public Health Emergencies", "National Overall Emergency Plan for Public Emergencies", "National Emergency Plan for Public Health Emergencies", "National Emergency Plan for Public Health Emergencies", "National Emergency Plan for Public Health Emergencies", "National Emergency Plan for Public Health Emergencies", "National Emergency Plan for Public Health Emergencies", "National Emergency Plan for Public Health Emergencies", "National Emergency Plan for Public Health Emergencies", "National Emergency Plan for Public Health Emergencies", "National Emergency Plan for Public Health Emergencies", "National Emergency Plan for Public Health Emergencies", " National Emergency Plan for Medical and Health Rescue in Public Emergencies" and other relevant national laws, regulations, rules and regulations and work plans, these measures are formulated.
Article 2: In accordance with the principle of "people first, life first, timely reporting, rapid handling, hierarchical response, and combination of emergency and peacetime", in the spirit of high responsibility, achieve early detection, early reporting, and early handling, broaden information channels, timely, accurate, and comprehensive reporting of emergency information, and carry out medical emergency work in a strong, orderly, and effective manner.
Article 3: The term "emergency" as used in these Measures refers to natural disasters, accidents, public health incidents, and social security incidents that occur suddenly, cause or may cause serious social harm, and require emergency response measures to be taken to deal with them.
Article 4These measures apply to the national emergency management of medical emergencies, and local health administrative departments at all levels may refer to these measures to formulate medical emergency management measures or regulations for emergencies at the same level.
Chapter II: Discovery and Reporting of Medical Emergency Information on Emergencies.
Article 5 The ways to discover information related to medical emergencies include:
1) Information reported by all localities and relevant units. Local health administrative departments at all levels should attach importance to giving play to the role of pre-hospital emergency medical aid networks. After the relevant medical institutions learn of the situation of the person in the place of the incident, they should report the information to the local health administrative department as soon as possible.
2) Information involved in news reports, public reports, reports from other departments, and feedback from higher-level departments. Establish and improve information reporting mechanisms with emergency management, market supervision and other departments, and share emergency information in a timely manner.
It is necessary to strengthen emergency duty, keep communications open 24 hours a day, improve the quality of information reporting personnel, improve the timeliness and quality of information, and strive to obtain effective information as soon as possible, so as to win valuable time for ensuring the health of the people.
Article 6 All units and individuals have the right to report emergencies and their hidden dangers to the local people, relevant competent departments or designated professional institutions. The administrative departments of health at or above the county level, all types of medical and health institutions at all levels, and emergency monitoring institutions designated by the administrative departments of health are the responsible reporting units for medical emergency information in emergencies, and shall report to the local people** and/or health administrative departments in accordance with their respective responsibilities and relevant requirements.
Article 7: The responsible reporting unit shall, in accordance with relevant provisions, promptly report the emergency and its handling. To obtain information related to the emergency, the responsible reporting unit shall report to the local health administrative department within 2 hours. The territorial administrative department of health shall organize on-site medical emergency response as soon as possible, and at the same time conduct information reports;The health administrative department that receives the report of the relevant information of the emergency shall take corresponding response measures according to the different levels of the incident, and report to the people** at the same level and the health administrative department at the next higher level within 2 hours. If the criteria for an emergency have not yet been met, the development of the situation shall be closely followed and the changes in the situation shall be reported in a timely manner.
For major and above-level emergencies with more than 5 deaths and critical cases, or major and above-level emergencies that may be triggered, the provincial-level health administrative department shall report to the National Health Commission within 2 hours after receiving the report, and report the incident first when the situation is temporarily unclear, and the situation shall be submitted through the progress report, and the health administrative department below the provincial level may directly report to the National Health Commission, and at the same time copy to the higher-level health administrative department, and the National Health Commission shall report to the National Health Commission in a timely manner after receiving the report.
Article 8: Based on the occurrence, development, and control process of the incident, it is divided into initial reports, progress reports, and case closure reports. The initial report should generally include the following contents: the time and place of the occurrence or discovery of the incident, the type of incident, the situation of the injured person, the classification of the injured and sick, and the preliminary diagnosisDispatch of medical resources such as medical personnel, ambulances, medical emergency teams, and provincial and municipal experts;Damage to the health system, further medical emergency measures to be taken, and requests for support. The progress report should include the implemented treatment strategies and plans, follow-up medical treatment plans, and timely updates on the progress of rescue, medical treatment and disease outcome of the wounded and sick. The case closure report should include the death of the wounded and sick, the situation, etc., and summarize and analyze the medical treatment work of the emergency.
For major emergencies at or above the level, the provincial-level health administrative department shall have a special person to connect with the medical institutions for treatment, grasp the treatment of the wounded and sick in real time, and maintain 24-hour information flow with the National Health Commission;Every major event is reported, and a major event is isolated.
Article 9: Establish a system of reverse investigation and accountability. Strengthen inspection guidance, and strive to improve the timeliness and accuracy of information reporting. Units that report late, omit, falsely, or conceal reports are to be resolutely pursued in accordance with relevant provisions and the responsibility of relevant personnel in accordance with laws and regulations. Local health administrative departments at all levels shall annually assess the reporting of emergency information in each locality. Any unit or individual has the right to report to the ** department that does not perform or does not perform the medical emergency duties in accordance with the regulations.
Chapter III: Medical Emergency Handling of Emergencies.
Article 10: The medical emergency response to emergencies follows the principle of hierarchical responsibility and territorial management, and local health administrative departments at all levels shall establish emergency response mechanisms for emergencies, initiate emergency response according to the type of emergency, and strengthen departmental coordination under the leadership of the local Party committee and the people, improve emergency response forces, respond quickly and efficiently to all kinds of emergencies, and carry out medical rescue.
Article 11: On the basis of on-site medical treatment needs, the administrative departments of health are to formulate medical rescue plans in accordance with the requirements of the plan, and to uniformly command and mobilize medical resources, and to rapidly carry out medical rescue work. The wounded and sick shall be examined and classified, on-site treatment and reasonable transport shall be carried out, and treatment shall be carried out by classification and classification, and the wounded and sick in hazardous chemicals and nuclear radiation incidents shall be promptly transferred to professional medical institutions for treatment.
For major emergencies at or above the level, medical resources in the province should be organized as a whole, and on-site treatment and transport should be carried out. The National Health Commission dispatches experts in relevant fields to guide medical treatment work, and dispatches medical emergency teams to provide support when necessary. Neighboring provinces should make preparations for the support of their own national and provincial medical emergency response teams, and accept deployment at any time.
Article 12: Medical personnel shall, in accordance with relevant norms and standards, conduct initial examination and classification and continuous assessment of the wounded and sick, using the four colors of green, yellow, red, and black to classify the minor, severe, and critically injured and the deceased, and mark them on obvious parts such as the wrists or ankles of the wounded, sick or deceased, so that they can be handled according to the category. Critically ill patients are marked in red and should be given priority for treatment and transferSevere patients are marked in yellow, and the second priority is to be disposed of and transferredPatients with mild symptoms are marked with green mark, and can be disposed of and transferred as the third priorityThe deceased are marked in black.
Article 13 On the premise of ensuring safety, the wounded and sick shall be promptly transferred to medical institutions with the highest conditions in accordance with the principle of "fastest arrival", and patients with infectious diseases shall be transferred to designated medical institutions for treatment in accordance with the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and other relevant laws and regulations. In medical emergency rescue, factors such as the situation of the wounded and sick, geographical environment, medical treatment conditions and capacity should be comprehensively considered, and the transfer method and hospital should be scientifically selected. Where long-distance transport is required, coordinate with civil aviation, railway, transportation and other departments to assist in resolving transportation matters related to medical rescue. The medical documents for on-site treatment of the wounded and sick should be handed over to the medical institution that accepts and evacuates the wounded and sick.
Article 14: The treatment of the wounded and sick shall be in accordance with the "four concentrations" principle of concentrating resources, experts, the wounded and sick, and the treatment of the wounded and sick, with the first choice of admission to general hospitals at or above the second level, traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, and hospitals integrating traditional Chinese and Western medicine with strong medical treatment capacity and comprehensive level, and establishing a medical treatment working group to carry out medical treatment work with unified command, unified deployment, and overall planning of resources. According to the principle of grading, hierarchical and categorical treatment, the corresponding health administrative departments organize and set up an expert group to assess the condition of the wounded and sick, and the seriously ill patients should be treated in accordance with the principle of "one person, one policy", and multidisciplinary consultation and remote consultation should be carried out when necessary to ensure the quality of treatment. At the same time, we should do a good job in psychological assistance for key groups such as the wounded and sick, their families, and relevant staff, as well as the public. After the work of centralized admission and treatment of the wounded and sick in particularly major, major, and relatively large emergencies is completed, a large number of the injured and sick are effectively treated, and the centralized treatment work is completed, the medical emergency work is summarized and work recommendations are put forward.
Chapter IV: Medical Emergency Guarantees.
Article 15: The administrative departments of health at all levels shall, in accordance with the principle of "unified organization, combination of emergency and emergency, adaptation to local conditions, categorical management, hierarchical responsibility, and coordinated operation", set up medical emergency response teams based on different types of emergency medical rescue such as disasters, epidemics of infectious diseases, poisoning, and nuclear radiation, so as to effectively respond to emergencies occurring within their jurisdiction, and when necessary, carry out handling support outside their jurisdiction in accordance with relevant instructions. All types of medical institutions at all levels shall establish corresponding emergency response teams in accordance with the functions of their own units. The main tasks of the medical emergency team are on-site rescue, transport and evacuation, and in-hospital treatment.
1) Composition of the team. According to the different types of incidents to be responded to, the team members should be composed of politically qualified, young and experienced personnel from medical and health institutions.
2) Team equipment. The team's equipment should be integrated and self-guaranteed, and it should be divided into general-purpose and professional equipment. General-purpose support equipment mainly includes personal daily necessities (carrying), logistics support equipment, command and communication equipment, office equipment, badges and transportation equipment, etc.;Professional medical treatment equipment is equipped according to different categories of major disasters, infectious diseases, poisoning, nuclear radiation and other events, mainly including treatment equipment, protective equipment, diagnosis and testing equipment, on-site disposal equipment, medicine equipment, etc.
3) Team management. The construction and management of the national medical emergency team shall be implemented in accordance with the "Measures for the Management of the National Health Emergency Team (Trial)", and the management of the local medical emergency team at all levels shall be implemented by reference. Health administrative departments at all levels may rely on the "medical emergency command information system" to establish a database of team members and equipment, implement information management, and update information in a timely manner.
Article 16: Health administrative departments at all levels should rely on medical institutions with strong comprehensive strength to strengthen the construction and management of emergency medical rescue bases and bases for the prevention and treatment of major infectious diseases, and improve the capacity for large-scale admission and treatment of the wounded and sick and the capacity for medical emergency drills, scientific research, and material reserves.
Article 17: The administrative departments of health at all levels shall establish a database of medical emergency experts within their jurisdiction, and shall be responsible for updating the database of medical emergency experts at the corresponding level. In the event of an emergency, the administrative department of health shall promptly call experts from the expert database and notify the unit where the dispatched personnel belong in writing, and in case of emergency, they may be notified first.
1) Selection of experts. Politically qualified, working in clinical medicine, disaster management, law and other fields for more than 5 years, with a certain professional academic status or experience in influencing and responding to emergencies, and with the professional title of deputy senior or above, under the age of 65, in good health, and able to do relevant work, can be selected as medical emergency experts after recommendation and review, and be selected into the medical emergency expert database. The recommendation and review of medical emergency experts will be recommended according to the type of emergency and the relevant specialties required, including medical treatment, health management, crisis management, psychology, sociology and other professional experts.
2) Expert pool management. The medical emergency expert database is managed according to the national, provincial and municipal levels, dynamic maintenance, and real-time updates. The National Health Commission relies on the National Emergency Medical Emergency Command and Information System to establish and maintain a database of medical emergency experts, and guide the systematic management of the provincial-level expert database. The provincial-level health administrative department is responsible for the establishment and management of the provincial-level medical emergency expert database, recommending national-level experts as required, and guiding the management of the medical emergency expert database below the provincial level.
Article 18: Health administrative departments at all levels and medical institutions shall formulate corresponding medical emergency response plans based on emergency risk assessments, carry out regular medical emergency drills for the plans, and promptly revise them according to changes in the situation, the implementation of the plans, and the problems found in the drills.
Article 19 The administrative departments of health at all levels shall scientifically formulate a catalogue of medical emergency medical reserves in accordance with the emergency situation and the production situation. The categories of reserve materials include relevant drugs, vaccines, diagnostic reagents and equipment, protective equipment, disinfectants, etc., required for medical treatment and on-site disposal. Medical institutions should formulate daily emergency material reserve plans based on the principle of "self-use and self-storage", and medical institutions relying on national medical centers, regional medical centers, major epidemic treatment bases, emergency medical rescue bases, and medical emergency teams should strengthen the allocation of relevant medical treatment equipment and retain a certain amount of backup, and be responsible for rapid response support for regional emergencies. In the event of a disaster, epidemic and other emergencies, if the health administrative department needs to call the medical reserve, in principle, it shall first apply to the relevant local departments for the transfer of the local medical reserve, and when the local medical reserve cannot meet the demand, it can apply for the transfer of the first medical reserve.
Article 20: Health administrative departments at all levels are responsible for medical emergency training, including formulating and organizing the implementation of training plans, and conducting performance evaluations. Adhere to the principle of "prevention first, combination of emergency and emergency, highlight key points, and apply what you have learned", and make full use of advanced means such as radio and television and distance education according to actual needs, supplemented by methods such as scenario simulation and case analysis, and adopt various forms of training.
1) Organization and implementation. In accordance with the principle of hierarchical management and step-by-step training, the National Health Commission organizes the training of teachers and technical backbones at the same level and at the next level for the health administrative departments at all levels at the provincial and local levels, so as to combine the training of all staff with key improvements, the combination of on-site disposal training with theoretical training, and the combination of regional exchanges with overseas training.
2) Training objects and main contents:
1.Training of medical emergency management cadres. The focus is to enhance the awareness of emergency management and public safety, master the relevant laws, regulations, plans and work systems, and improve the level of normalized management of medical emergencies, the ability to organize and coordinate, and command and deal with emergencies.
2.Training of medical emergency professionals. Focus on mastering medical emergency plans, technical specifications and standards, proficient in professional knowledge and skills of medical emergencies, and improve on-site disposal capabilities. The focus is on the professional knowledge, theories, skills, emergency handling procedures, treatment methods, and safety protection related to medical emergency work such as acute infectious diseases, poisoning, nuclear and radiation damage, various major emergencies and natural disasters.
3.Training of medical personnel. Focus on mastering emergency plans and key acute infectious diseases, emerging infectious diseases, unexplained diseases, poisoning, nuclear and radiation damage and other diagnostic technologies and safety protection skills, proficient in the first aid treatment technology of the injured and sick in various emergencies, and improve the ability to respond to various emergencies in the detection and reporting, on-site disposal, medical rescue and collaborative disposal with disease control institutions.
4.Training of medical emergency management cadres in relevant departments. Focus on mastering the relevant laws, regulations and plans of national medical emergencies and the International Health Regulations, etc., be familiar with the responsibilities of the department for medical emergency response, and understand the reporting standards and procedures for public health emergencies, emergency measures, post-event recovery and reconstruction, and capacity assessment.
5.Medical Emergency Rescue Volunteer Training. The focus is on mastering the skills of medical emergency rescue and self-rescue, mutual rescue, and personal protection, as well as the ability to assist professional rescue teams to participate in medical emergency response.
Article 21: Health administrative departments at all levels shall, on the basis of the actual situation and the needs of medical emergency work, formulate annual drill plans in combination with the plan, and adopt forms such as desktop and actual combat drills, functional and comprehensive drills, focusing on the organization and management of medical emergencies, rapid response, technical specifications, material reserves, departmental coordination, and communication.
Article 22: Strengthen the popularization of medical emergency science and education, using radio, television, newspapers, the Internet, and other public ** to promptly transmit publicity information to relevant target groups, repeatedly publicize practical knowledge about self-help and mutual rescue to the public, and through carrying out activities such as popularizing medical emergency science knowledge into enterprises, rural areas, communities, schools, and families, advocate health behaviors, collective planning, mass prevention, and mass control, and increase the public's awareness and ability to respond to medical emergencies.
Article 23: Strengthen scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation in medical emergencies, carry out scientific research related to responding to emergencies in a planned manner, and explore the laws governing the occurrence and development of incidents. Strengthen the comprehensive evaluation and promotion and application of medical emergency scientific research achievements such as the development and application of emergency command platforms, on-site emergency response related technologies, emergency capacity assessment, social and economic evaluation, team equipment standards, emergency material reserves, on-site rapid detection technology and laboratory diagnosis methods.
Article 24: All localities are to implement subsidies for medical and health personnel participating in emergency response in accordance with regulations, and purchase personal accident insurance for professional emergency rescue personnel participating in emergency response.
Article 25: Units and individuals that have made outstanding contributions to medical emergency rescue in emergencies are to be commended in accordance with relevant state provisions. Persons who are injured, disabled, or killed in the course of participating in medical and health rescue work in emergencies shall be given corresponding subsidies and bereavement benefits in accordance with relevant state provisions. Those responsible for negative work, dereliction of duty, or dereliction of duty shall be strictly investigated for responsibility in accordance with relevant provisions, and where a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be pursued in accordance with law.
Article 26: These Measures shall come into force on the date of promulgation.
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